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Author: James J. Scannell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Book Description
This study looks at the evolution of the financial aid process as a function of higher education administration and its impact on the recruitment and retention of college students. It illustrates the effects on enrollment of differing financial aid strategies and recommends possible directions for meeting the challenges of the 21st century. Discussions focus on the following topics: (1) the institutional need for financial aid; (2) the relationship of aid and costs; (3) programs that work in reverse; and (4) targeting of financial aid to enrollment goals. The following financial aid packages are also examined: uniform self-help; self-help varied by ability to borrow; self-help varied by desirability; self-help varied by ability to borrow and desirability; admit/deny; aid-conscious admission; merit awards; renewals; equity packaging; and differential and preferential packaging. Contains 48 references. (GLR)
Author: James J. Scannell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Book Description
This study looks at the evolution of the financial aid process as a function of higher education administration and its impact on the recruitment and retention of college students. It illustrates the effects on enrollment of differing financial aid strategies and recommends possible directions for meeting the challenges of the 21st century. Discussions focus on the following topics: (1) the institutional need for financial aid; (2) the relationship of aid and costs; (3) programs that work in reverse; and (4) targeting of financial aid to enrollment goals. The following financial aid packages are also examined: uniform self-help; self-help varied by ability to borrow; self-help varied by desirability; self-help varied by ability to borrow and desirability; admit/deny; aid-conscious admission; merit awards; renewals; equity packaging; and differential and preferential packaging. Contains 48 references. (GLR)
Author: Michael McPherson
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691230919
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
Student aid in higher education has recently become a hot-button issue. Parents trying to pay for their children's education, college administrators competing for students, and even President Bill Clinton, whose recently proposed tax breaks for college would change sharply the federal government's financial commitment to higher education, have staked a claim in its resolution. In The Student Aid Game, Michael McPherson and Morton Owen Schapiro explain how both colleges and governments are struggling to cope with a rapidly changing marketplace, and show how sound policies can help preserve the strengths and remedy some emerging weaknesses of American higher education. McPherson and Schapiro offer a detailed look at how undergraduate education is financed in the United States, highlighting differences across sectors and for students of differing family backgrounds. They review the implications of recent financing trends for access to and choice of undergraduate college and gauge the implications of these national trends for the future of college opportunity. The authors examine how student aid fits into college budgets, how aid and pricing decisions are shaped by government higher education policies, and how competition has radically reshaped the way colleges think about the strategic role of student aid. Of particular interest is the issue of merit aid. McPherson and Schapiro consider the attractions and pitfalls of merit aid from the viewpoint of students, institutions, and society. The Student Aid Game concludes with an examination of policy options for both government and individual institutions. McPherson and Schapiro argue that the federal government needs to keep its attention focused on providing access to college for needy students, while colleges themselves need to constrain their search for strategic advantage by sticking to aid and admission policies they are willing to articulate and defend publicly.
Author: Elizabeth A. Duffy
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 1400864682
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 321
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Book Description
Admissions and financial aid policies at liberal arts colleges have changed dramatically since 1955. Through the 1950s, most colleges in the United States enrolled fewer than 1000 students, nearly all of whom were white. Few colleges were truly selective in their admissions; they accepted most students who applied. In the 1960s, as the children of the baby boom reached college age and both federal and institutional financial aid programs expanded, many more students began to apply to college. For the first time, liberal arts colleges were faced with an abundance of applicants, which raised new questions. What criteria would they use to select students? How would they award financial aid? The answers to these questions were shaped by financial and educational considerations as well as by the struggles for civil rights and gender equality that swept across the nation. The colleges' answers also proved crucial to their futures, as the years since the mid-1970s have shown. When the influx of baby boom students slowed, colleges began to recruit aggressively in order to maintain their class sizes. In the past decade, financial aid has become another tool that colleges use to compete for the best students. By tracing the development of competitive admission and financial aid policies at a selected group of liberal arts colleges, Crafting a Class explores how institutional decisions reflect and respond to broad demographic, economic, political, and social forces. Elizabeth Duffy and Idana Goldberg closely studied sixteen liberal arts colleges in Massachusetts and Ohio. At each college, they not only collected empirical data on admissions, enrollment, and financial aid trends, but they also examined archival materials and interviewed current and former administrators. Duffy and Goldberg have produced an authoritative and highly readable account of some of the most important changes that have taken place in American higher education during the tumultuous decades since the mid-1950s. Crafting a Class will interest all readers who are concerned with the past and future directions of higher education in the United States. Originally published in 1997. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Author: Filiz Akyuz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 71
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Book Description
This study attempts to examine test-optional admission policies and their effect on student enrollment demographics at a public research doctoral university in which test-optional policies were adopted in 2015. The researcher questioned whether adopting test-optional policies changed enrollment rates and test score submissions and how the effect of test-optional policies differed by gender, race/ethnicity and financial aid. With the examination of test-optional policies in the midst of a global pandemic, I aimed to contribute to the literature of college admissions and guided new and upcoming test-optional institutions.By utilizing a non-experimental, descriptive research design, the data of undergraduate first year enrollments of the university from 2010-2019 by traditional and test-optional admission policies were analyzed. Through descriptive statistics, the data were summarized for each research question, the means and percentages were calculated and shown in tables and graphs. Findings from the analysis indicated that adopting test optional policies had variety changes in student enrollment demographics. While the numbers of applicants, admitted and enrolled students increased, the percentage of enrolled students had a small decrease in total. It was also found that more than half of enrollees opted to not submitting their test scores after the adoption of test optional policies. Based on data results, more women and more Hispanic and African American students enrolled in the university. As a final result, the numbers of Pell Grant recipients increased after adopting test optional policy. Since Covid-19 pandemic has had a remarkable effect on admissions and caused colleges and universities to go test-optional, diverse new research topics are waiting to be discovered in this area.
Author: Linda Siefert
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Catholic universities and colleges
Languages : en
Pages : 126
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Book Description
Over the last two decades, many institutions of higher education have experienced admissions-related problems due to fluctuations in student enrollment and the increasing need for institutional financial aid. Because of this, administrators need tools that can help them modify policy as the market changes. The purpose of this research was to develop a tool for a private, more selective institution that would answer the following questions: (1) what is the probability of enrollment for each admitted student, and (2) how would changes in the financial aid package affect this probability? The model in this research was based on both economic theory and the results of other empirical work, and was refined through statistical analysis. Its goal was to develop the best predictive model using the data collected by the institution and available to it at the time admission and financial aid decisions are made. The methodology was carried out in three steps. First, an enrollment probability model was estimated using three years (1998-2000) of admissions data from the institution, using both logistic and probit regression. The model included a unique set of explanatory variables, including religious affiliation and distance from home, showing the ease at which institutions can look at the variables that are important for their goals, policies, and practices. The second step was a tem poral validation against additional data. The model was tested for predictive accuracy against the admissions data for 2001. After rerunning the model for all four years, the final step in the methodology was to simulate the effects on enrollment of various changes in the tuition and financial aid policy, and to calculate price sensitivity. The results of this study, for the most part, confirm ed economic theory and general empirical findings. The signs and significance of most coefficients were as expected. A unique finding was that a linear, constantly decreasing functional form for net price was not the best fit for the data. Rather, a cubic relationship between net price and enrollment probability provided a better fit. Classification accuracy within each model and predictive accuracy for 2001 were all near 70%. Sensitivity to price was calculated differently in this research than in other existing research. Due to mathematical shortcom ings discussed in the study, delta-Ps and student price response coefficients (SPRC) were not used. Rather, sensitivity to a $1,000 decrease in net price was calculated for each student. The mean sensitivity to a $1,000 decrease in net price was .02. That is, on average, a $1,000 decrease in net price increased the probability of enrollment by 2%, for example, from 20% to 22%. The results of the present study are lower than most existing research, which is consistent with the discussions in the field that statistics such as delta-Ps and SPRCs, calculated only at the mean, can overestimate sensitivity. The im plication for policy makers is that they need to look at specific students, or groups of similar students, when estimating the effect of policy decisions, and not rely solely on an average estimate. This research not only provided such price sensitivities for students with various characteristics of interest to the institution, but also provided the institution with a tool to use with each entering class of freshman.
Author: Thomas J. Kane
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
ISBN: 0815720017
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 177
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Book Description
Over the past fifteen years, a college education has become increasingly valuable in the labor market. As a result, the stakes have been raised in the debate over college admissions and student financial aid. With the gap in college enrollment widening by family income, the time has come to examine the strengths and weaknesses of the American system for financing higher education and to rethink its structure from the ground up. This book begins with an overview of the many indirect ways in which Americans pay for college--as taxpayers, students, and parents--and describes the sometimes perverse ways in which state and federal financial aid policies interact. Thomas J. Kane evaluates alternative explanations for the rise in public and private college costs--weighing the role of federal financial aid policy, higher input costs, and competitive pressures on individual colleges. He analyzes how far we have come in ensuring access to all. Evidence suggests that large differences in college enrollment remain between high and low income students, even those with similar test scores and attending the same high schools. Kane promotes a package of reforms intended to squeeze more social bang from the many public bucks devoted to higher education. For example, he advocates "front-loading" the Pell grant program, limiting eligibility to those in their first two years of college, and providing a larger share of federal subsidies by assessing student resources after college rather than evaluating a single year of parents income and assets before college. Copublished with the Russell Sage Foundation
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : College attendance
Languages : en
Pages : 90
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Book Description
Author: Matthew Richard Birch
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 157
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Book Description
We investigate relationships between several financial aid policies and student enrollment behavior. Chapters 1 and 2 (co-authored with Robert Rosenman) use proprietary data from a public research university to address institution level policies affecting enrollment. Chapter 3 (co-authored with Benjamin Cowan) utilizes government data address a change in federal financial aid policy.
Author: Michael S. McPherson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Book Description
This study describes the American system of higher education's distributive mechanism in the practice of selective admission and considers possible changes in that system. Chapter One presents the work's overall approach, a three level analysis of the current system from the viewpoints of the individual student and the individual college as well as a conspectus of the system as a whole. Chapter Two describes some main features of the outcome of the existing admissions system in terms of the distribution of students across institutions. Chapters Three and Four analyze the consequences of higher education by enumerating and evaluating the various outputs of higher education in terms of what is "fair" and what is "efficient." Here, alternative descriptions of how the educational system actually operates are provided. Chapter Five follows up the earlier work on defining and measuring equity and efficiency by turning to trade-offs between the two. Chapter Six returns to the central issue: the person or institution's pursuit of individual goals may result in a collective situation in which achievement of those goals is frustrated. Chapter Seven looks at what all of this means for policy decision making and concludes that, although radical change in existing practices are neither feasible nor desirable, improvements in both equity and efficiency are possible if relatively small changes (such as institutional cooperation to limit competition-driven expenditures) are implemented. (56 references) (JB)
Author: Laura Horn
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780160515149
Category : College costs
Languages : en
Pages : 134
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Book Description
