The Distributional Impact of Structural Reforms PDF Download
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Author:
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ISBN:
Category : Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 60
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Author: Aline Coudouel
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821363492
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 470
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Book Description
"The analysis of the distributional impact of policy reforms on the well-being or welfare of different stakeholder groups, particularly on th e poor and vulnerable, has an important role in the elaboration and implementation of poverty reduction strategies in developing countries. In recent years this type of work has been labeled as Poverty and Social Impact Analysis (PSIA) and is increasingly implemented to promote evidence-based policy choices and foster debate on policy reform options. While information is available on the general approach, techniques, and tools for distributional analysis, each sector displays a series of specific characteristics. These have implications for the analysis of distributional impacts, including the types of impacts and transmission channels that warrant particular attention, the tools and techniques most appropriate, the data source typically utilized, and the range of political economy factors most likely to affect the reform process. This volume provides an overview of the specific issues arising in the analysis of the distributional impacts of policy and institutional reforms in selected sectors. Each chapter offers guidance on the selection of tools and techniques most adapted to the reforms under scrutiny, and offers examples of applications of these approaches. This is a companion to the first volume, which offers guidance on trade, monetary and exchange rate policy, utility provision, agricultural markets, land policy, and education."
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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ISBN: 9789279774287
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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This paper studies the effects of structural reforms on the functional distribution of income in EU Member States. To study this mechanism we use a DSGE model (Roeger et al. 2008) with households supplying three types of labour, low-, medium- and high-skilled. We assume that households receive income from labour, tangible capital, intangible capital, financial wealth and transfers and we trace how structural reforms affect these types of incomes. The quantification of structural reforms is based on changes in structural indicators that can significantly close the gap of a country's average income towards the best performing countries in the EU. We find a general trade-off between an increase in employment of a particular group and the income of the average group member relative to income per capita. In general, reforms which aim at increasing employment of low skilled workers are associated with a fall in wages relative to income per capita. Capital owners generally benefit from labour market reforms, with an increasing share in total income, due to limited entry into the final goods production sector. This suggests that labour market re-forms may lead to suboptimal distributional effects if there are rigidities in goods markets present, a finding which confirms the importance of ensuring that such reforms are accompanied or preceded by product market reforms.
Author: World Bank
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 9780821361818
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 318
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Book Description
This publication is a practitioner's guide for analyzing the distributional impact of reforms to trade, monetary and exchange rate policy, utility provision, agricultural markets, land policy and education. These six areas of policy reform are the ones most likely to have an impact on distribution and poverty. Such analysis helps in policy formulation and development and for implementing poverty reduction strategies in developing countries. Each chapter in this volume provides an overview and guidance on the specific issues arising in the analysis of the distributional impacts of policy and institutional reforms in selected sectors.
Author: Fernando H. Navajas
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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This paper focuses on the change in the distribution of consumption in Argentina in the last decade and evaluates the distributional impact of relative price changes to address one dimension of the distributional consequences of massive privatization and de-regulation. The approach used is based on the theory and measurement of marginal tax reform of Feldstein, Guesnerie, Amhad and Stern and others, as developed and implemented by Newbery (1995), using the concept of the "distributional characteristic of goods" as obtained from household expenditure surveys. In general the results contradict the view that relative price changes have had a negative welfare and distributional impact. In particular, the results speak well of the effects due to de-regulations such as the opening-up of the economy to international trade, but they are less positive insofar as privatization is concerned. Although relative price changes due to privatization have had a positive welfare effect, this has been partially reversed in the last years. The paper extends the analysis to other dimensions that are not normally captured by this approach such as 'coverage' (i.e. access by the poor or low-income agents to public infrastructure services) showing positive distributional impacts in this dimension.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Annabelle Mourougane
Publisher:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Author: Werner Röger
Publisher:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
This paper studies the effects of labour market reforms on the functional distribution of income in a DSGE model (Roeger et al., 2008) with skill differentiation, in which households supply three types of labour: low-, medium- and high-skilled. The households receive income from labour, tangible capital, intangible capital, financial wealth and transfers. We trace how structural reforms in the labour market affect these different types of income. The quantification of labour market reforms is based on changes in structural indicators that significantly reduce the gap of the EU average income towards the best-performing EU countries. We find a general trade-off between an increase in employment for a particular group and the income of the average group member relative to income per capita. Reforms that increase employment of lowand medium-skilled workers imply a trade-off between employment and wages in the low- and medium-skilled group, due to the increase in the skill-specific supply of labour. Capital owners generally benefit from labour market reforms, with an increasing share in total income. This can be attributed to limited entry into the final goods production sector, underlining the importance of product market reforms in addition to labour market reforms.
Author: Ara Stepanyan
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513526871
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 30
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Book Description
Spain’s structural reforms, implemented around 2012, have arguably contributed to a faster and stronger economic recovery. In particular, there is strong evidence that the 2012 labor market reforms increased wage flexibility, which helped the Spanish economy to regain competitiveness and create jobs. But the impact of these labor reforms on income inequality and social inclusion has not been analyzed much. This paper aims to shed light on this issue by employing an econometric decomposition procedure combined with the synthetic control method. The results indicate that the 2012 labor reforms have helped improve employment and income equality outcomes with no substantial impact on the overall risk of poverty. Nevertheless, the reforms appear to have induced a deterioration of average hours worked, in-work poverty, and possibly also of involuntary part-time employment.
