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Author: Union internationale pour l'étude scientifique de la population
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Union internationale pour l'étude scientifique de la population
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Georges Photios Tapinos
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 9780198292104
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 280
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Book Description
Contains a collection of papers on the impact of economic fluctuations on mortality, fertility and labour markets in Latin America during the 1980s.
Author: Moustafa Kamel Sayed
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Arab countries
Languages : en
Pages : 506
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Structural adjustment (Economic policy)
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Book Description
Author: Samuel A. Morley
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
6. Determinants of changes in poverty
Author: Rafael Rofman
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464816050
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 185
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Book Description
Latin American countries are in the midst of a demographic transition and, as a consequence, a population-aging process. Over the next few decades, the number of children will decline relative to the number of older adults. Population aging is the result of a slow but sustained reduction in mortality rates, given increases in life expectancy and fertility. These trends reflect welcome long-term improvements in welfare and in economic and social development. But this process also entails policy challenges: many public institutions—including education, health, and pension systems and labor market regulations—are designed for a different demographic context and will need to be adapted. When We’re Sixty-Four discusses public policies aimed at overcoming the two main challenges facing Latin American countries concerning the changing demographics. On one hand, older populations demand more fiscal resources for social services, such as health, long-term care, and pensions. On the other, population aging produces shifts in the proportion of the population that is working age, which may affect long-term economic growth. Aging societies risk losing dynamism, being exposed to higher dependency rates, and experiencing lower savings rates. Nonetheless, in the interim, Latin American countries have a demographic opportunity: a temporary decline in dependency rates creates a period in which the share of the working-age population, with its associated saving capacity, is at its highest levels. This constitutes a great opportunity in the short term because the higher savings may result in increases in capital endowment per worker and productivity. For that to happen, it is necessary to generate institutional, financial, and fiscal conditions that promote larger savings and investment, accelerating per capita economic growth in a sustainable way.
Author: Hubert Escaith
Publisher: Naciones Unidas, CEPAL
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 52
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Book Description
This paper presents an evaluation of the impact of trade and capital account liberalisation in 17 countries during the period 1970-1996. It shows that growth was responsive to investment in both physical and human capital and there was a link between education and capital formation. However in aggregate the reforms did not have a significant direct impact on the growth rate because individual components of reform had offsetting effects. In addition the speed of reform was important, the faster the pace the slower the growth. It seems that the impact of macroeconomic or investment variables was more homogeneous than structural reform..s.
Author: William C. Smith
Publisher: University of Miami, North/South Center Press
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 292
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Book Description
While regime transition and market-oriented reforms in Latin America have been the subjects of considerable academic research, most scholars have paid relatively little attention to the social impacts of economic restructuring. In contrast, this book contributes a systematic analysis of the impact of economic liberalism on Latin America's social and political life. The authors offer innovative theoretical and comparative explorations of changes in the social structure, as well as evolving patterns of social and political organization, including social movements, political parties, labor unions, and non-governmental organizations. This volume is an invaluable resource for all those concerned with the far-reaching consequences of economic and political transformation in Latin America.
Author: Viel Vicuña Viel V.
Publisher: Halsted Press
ISBN:
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 272
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Book Description
Study of problems of population growth, with particular reference to the implications of high birth rate for Latin America - examines demographic aspects, social problems and social theories, family planning and birth control rates according to educational level and the impact of religion thereon, poverty, health service implications, nutrition, etc., and analyses the economic implications and social implications of population increase. Bibliography pp. 235 to 241 and statistical tables.
Author: Douglas S. Massey
Publisher: SAGE Publications, Incorporated
ISBN: 9781412950077
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
During the 1990s, the United States encountered an unprecedented economic upsurge. The duration and scope of this boom led many policymakers in D.C., to believe they had finally found a magic formula for sustained economic growth and seamless national development. Labeled the Washington Consensus, this free-market approach was a shift away from regulation and government intervention toward allowing the markets work themselves out on a global level. Was it magic? After all, this was an era where the markets for goods, services, capital, and labor burst forth from North America, Western Europe, and Japan to stretch across the globe. The Soviet Union had collapsed and East and Southeast Asian economies were flourishing. Globalization and A New World Order became the slogans of the day. In what some scholars and policymakers view as a massive social experiment, the U.S. Treasury and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) began leaning on Latin American countries to dismantle their economic regime of import substitution industrialization (ISI). Without a firm understanding of the complexities involved, international lenders pressed for implementation of the Washington Consensus – advocating governments to step out of the way and let the markets do their work. Yet every nation has a different history when it comes to the process of market creation. The attempt to apply a blanket formula on countries with divergent political, social, and cultural legacies flopped miserably. Supporters of the Washington Consensus discovered their magic formula was merely a myth. Although Chile, which already had strong institutional foundations, came closest to succeeding in the implementation of the Washington Consensus, places like Mexico, Peru, Venezuela, and Argentina met with political and economical turmoil that shook their countries to the core. Pulling from a wellspring of knowledge, expertise, and experience from representatives of sociology, economics, demography, anthropology, and urban studies, this special issue of The ANNALS provides a coherent chain of evidence that reveals how the idea for structural adjustment in Latin America arose, how it was applied, the negative consequences it had, and the lessons learned. Sprung from a request by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation on "Urban Studies and Demography," this collection of thought-provoking articles is the result of a two-year pilot research project conducted by faculty and students affiliated with the Population Studies Center and the Urban Studies program at the University of Pennsylvania. Students, researchers, and policymakers in public affairs, economics, anthropology, international affairs, sociology, urban studies, population studies, and others will gain clarity and insight into this complex phase of world economic history.
