The Comparative Roles of Suspension-Feeders in Ecosystems PDF Download
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Author: Richard F. Dame
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402030304
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 360
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Book Description
Animals are a major link between the water column (pelagic) and the bottom (benthic) habitats in most shallow systems. This coupling is dominated by active processes such as suspension-feeding in which the organism actively uses energy to pump water that is then filtered to remove suspended particles that are consumed while undigested remains are deposited on the bottom. As a result of this feeding on and metabolism of particles, the animals excrete dissolved inorganic and organic waste back into the water column, and thus, become major components in the cycling and feedback of essential elements. With relatively high weight specific filtration rates of 1— 10 liters/hour/gram dry tissue and a propensity to form large aggregated populations (beds, reefs, schools and swarms), these organisms can play an important role in regulating water column processes Although estuarine bivalve molluscs such as oysters and mussels dominate the suspension-feeder literature, other groups including plankton and nekton that are found in estuarine as well as other aquatic systems are also potentially important removers of suspended particles. Thus, a significant part of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop focused on suspension-feeders as controllers of plankton abundance, biomass and diversity, system metabolism, nutrient cycling and scale dependency. Systems dominated by suspension-feeders are typically impacted by human activities including recreation, aquaculture, human and industrial pollution, and bilge water from shipping. Suspension-feeders are often impacted by fisheries and over-exploitation. These impacts commonly result in changes in ecosystem structure either through the food chain concentration of harmful substances or diseases, the introduction of alien species of suspension-feeders, or the instability of suspension-feeders systems through species displacement or phase shifts in the dominance between different suspension-feeding components such as nekton or zooplankton. These issues were addressed near the close of the workshop along with conclusions and syntheses developed by the working groups.
Author: Richard F. Dame
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402030304
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 360
Get Book Here
Book Description
Animals are a major link between the water column (pelagic) and the bottom (benthic) habitats in most shallow systems. This coupling is dominated by active processes such as suspension-feeding in which the organism actively uses energy to pump water that is then filtered to remove suspended particles that are consumed while undigested remains are deposited on the bottom. As a result of this feeding on and metabolism of particles, the animals excrete dissolved inorganic and organic waste back into the water column, and thus, become major components in the cycling and feedback of essential elements. With relatively high weight specific filtration rates of 1— 10 liters/hour/gram dry tissue and a propensity to form large aggregated populations (beds, reefs, schools and swarms), these organisms can play an important role in regulating water column processes Although estuarine bivalve molluscs such as oysters and mussels dominate the suspension-feeder literature, other groups including plankton and nekton that are found in estuarine as well as other aquatic systems are also potentially important removers of suspended particles. Thus, a significant part of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop focused on suspension-feeders as controllers of plankton abundance, biomass and diversity, system metabolism, nutrient cycling and scale dependency. Systems dominated by suspension-feeders are typically impacted by human activities including recreation, aquaculture, human and industrial pollution, and bilge water from shipping. Suspension-feeders are often impacted by fisheries and over-exploitation. These impacts commonly result in changes in ecosystem structure either through the food chain concentration of harmful substances or diseases, the introduction of alien species of suspension-feeders, or the instability of suspension-feeders systems through species displacement or phase shifts in the dominance between different suspension-feeding components such as nekton or zooplankton. These issues were addressed near the close of the workshop along with conclusions and syntheses developed by the working groups.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030914695X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 190
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Book Description
U.S. mariculture production of bivalve molluscs-those cultivated in the marine environment-has roughly doubled over the last 25 years. Although mariculture operations may expand the production of seafood without additional exploitation of wild populations, they still depend upon and affect natural ecosystems and ecosystem services. Every additional animal has an incremental effect arising from food extraction and waste excretion. Increasing domestic seafood production in the United States in an environmentally and socially responsible way will likely require the use of policy tools, such as best management practices (BMPs) and performance standards. BMPs represent one approach to protecting against undesirable consequences of mariculture. An alternative approach to voluntary or mandatory BMPs is the establishment of performance standards for mariculture. Variability in environmental conditions makes it difficult to develop BMPs that are sufficiently flexible and adaptable to protect ecosystem integrity across a broad range of locations and conditions. An alternative that measures performance in sustaining key indicators of ecosystem state and function may be more effective. Because BMPs address mariculture methods rather than monitoring actual ecosystem responses, they do not guarantee that detrimental ecosystem impacts will be controlled or that unacceptable impact will be avoided. Ecosystem Concepts for Sustainable Bivalve Mariculture finds that while performance standards can be applied for some broad ecosystem indicators, BMPs may be more appropriate for addressing parameters that change from site to site, such as the species being cultured, different culture methods, and various environmental conditions. This book takes an in-depth look at the environmental, social, and economic issues to present recommendations for sustainable bivalve mariculture.
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080878857
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 4604
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Book Description
The study of estuaries and coasts has seen enormous growth in recent years, since changes in these areas have a large effect on the food chain, as well as on the physics and chemistry of the ocean. As the coasts and river banks around the world become more densely populated, the pressure on these ecosystems intensifies, putting a new focus on environmental, socio-economic and policy issues. Written by a team of international expert scientists, under the guidance of Chief Editors Eric Wolanski and Donald McClusky, the Treatise on Estuarine and Coastal Science, Ten Volume Set examines topics in depth, and aims to provide a comprehensive scientific resource for all professionals and students in the area of estuarine and coastal science Most up-to-date reference for system-based coastal and estuarine science and management, from the inland watershed to the ocean shelf Chief editors have assembled a world-class team of volume editors and contributing authors Approach focuses on the physical, biological, chemistry, ecosystem, human, ecological and economics processes, to show how to best use multidisciplinary science to ensure earth's sustainability Provides a comprehensive scientific resource for all professionals and students in the area of estuarine and coastal science Features up-to-date chapters covering a full range of topics
Author: Stanislaw Sieniutycz
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0443192383
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 190
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Book Description
Complexity and Complex Ecological Systems is an extension of Elsevier's 2021 book Complexity and Complex Chemo-Electric Systems directed toward the analysis and synthesis of diverse ecological processes running in heterogeneous macrosystems. Contemporary advanced techniques such as averaged analysis, food webs approaches, and classical optimization results along with some numerical algorithms are commonly used in ecosystems. This book treats ecological systems as specific functional integrities. In Complexity and Complex Ecological Systems, one can observe how various types of ecological heterogeneities can contribute to flows of living and inanimate parts of the moving pseudo-continuum. This book is a valuable reference for scientists, engineers, and graduate students of environmental, chemical, and biological engineering, helping them better understand complex macroscopic systems and enhance their technical skills in theoretical and practical research. - Covers the basic aspects of modeling, analysis, synthesis, and optimization of ecological systems - Contains theory of selected ecosystems and explanations of how it can be used in applications - Includes original drawings and drafts that illustrate the properties of diverse ecosystems - Written by an expert in advanced methods of biophysics and macroscopic physics
Author: Richard F. Dame
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439839123
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
Exploring the potential use of bivalves as indicators and monitors of ecosystem health, this book describes live and computer simulated experiments, mesocosm studies, and field manipulation experiments. This second edition discusses major new developments, including phase shifts in many coastal and estuarine ecosystems dominated by suspension-feeding bivalves, the invasion or introduction of alien bivalve species, the rapid growth of environmental restoration focused on bivalves, and the examination of geological history with regard to global climate change and its impact on bivalve-dominated systems.
Author: William S. Johnson
Publisher: JHU Press
ISBN: 1421407469
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 470
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Book Description
Beautifully illustrated, this is the only identification guide to zooplankton of the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts. Zooplankton are critical to the vitality of estuaries and coastal waters. In this revised edition of Johnson and Allen's instant classic, readers are taken on a tour of the miniature universe of zooplankton, including early developmental stages of familiar and diverse shrimps, crabs, and fishes. Zooplankton of the Atlantic and Gulf Coasts details the behavior, morphology, and coloration of these tiny aquatic animals. Precise descriptions and labeled illustrations of hundreds of the most commonly encountered species provide readers with the best source available for identifying zooplankton. Inside the second edition • an updated introduction that orients readers to the diversity, habitats, environmental responses, collection, history, and ecological roles of zooplankton • descriptions of life cycles • illustrations (including 88 new drawings) that identify 340-plus taxa and life stages • range, habits, and ecology for each entry located directly opposite the illustration • appendices with information on collection and observation techniques and citations of more than 1,300 scientific articles and books
Author: Brian Leicester Bayne
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128035005
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 862
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Book Description
Biology of Oysters offers scientific insights into the structure and function of oysters. Written by an expert in the field of shellfish research, this book presents more than 50 years of empirical research literature. It provides an understanding of the edible oysters, in order to equip students and researchers with the background needed to undertake further investigations on this model marine invertebrate. - Presents empirical research findings in context with the relevant theory and its expression in computer models - Includes information on studies of other bivalve species such as mussels and clams - Offers a description of the whole organism to provide a frame of reference for further research - Includes research developments in the phylogeny, physiology and ecology of oysters
Author: Gerald L. Mackie
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 143987090X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 552
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Book Description
Upon its initial publication more than fifteen years ago, this book broke new ground with its comprehensive coverage of the biology and ecology, distribution and dispersal mechanisms, physiology, monitoring, negative and positive impacts, and control of aquatic invasive species of mussels, clams, and snails. Building on this foundation, the second
Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0444632557
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 690
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Book Description
Ecological modelling has developed rapidly in recent decades, with the focus primarily on the restoration of lakes and wetlands. Ecological Modelling and Engineering in Lakes and Wetlands presents the progress being made in modelling for a wealth of applications. It covers the older biogeochemical models still in use today, structurally dynamic models, 3D models, biophysical models, entire watershed models, and ecotoxicological models, as well as the expansion of modeling to the Arctic and Antarctic climate-zones. The book also addresses modelling the effect of climate change, including the development of ecological models for addressing storm water pond issues, which are increasingly important in urban regions where more concentrated rainfalls are a consequence of climate change. The ecological engineering topics covered in the book also emphasize the advancements being made in applying ecological engineering regimes for better environmental management of lakes and wetlands. - Examines recent progress towards a better understanding of these two important ecosystems - Presents new results and approaches that can be used to develop better models - Discusses how to increase the synergistic effect between ecosystems engineering and modelling
Author: Genaro Diarte-Plata
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1789849969
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 118
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Book Description
This book is divided into three sections. Following the "Introduction", the second section, "Sustainable Aquaculture", offers integrated information on rice cultivation and aquaculture that provide additional benefits to producers. In addition, the participation of aquaculture in the restoration of the Crassostrea virginica fishery is evaluated. The third section, "Homeopathy and Probiotics", is about highly diluted substances and beneficial microorganisms that have proved their effectiveness in human medicine, agronomy, veterinary and currently in the marine aquaculture field. Also, a study focused on the performance of growth and nutrient utilization of the freshwater shrimp Macrobrachium vollenhovenii fed diets supplemented with Lactobacillus acidophilus is presented. This book can be consulted by students, professors and researchers in the area of biological sciences.
