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Languages : en
Pages : 13
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Book Description
We have undertaken the development of a chip-scale atomic clock (CSAC) whose design goals include short-term stability, sigma(sub y)(tau=1 hour), of 1x10(exp 11) with a total power consumption of 30 mW and an overall device volume of 1 cu cm. The stringent power requirement dominates the physics package architecture, dictating a small (
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 13
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Book Description
We have undertaken the development of a chip-scale atomic clock (CSAC) whose design goals include short-term stability, sigma(sub y)(tau=1 hour), of 1x10(exp 11) with a total power consumption of 30 mW and an overall device volume of 1 cu cm. The stringent power requirement dominates the physics package architecture, dictating a small (
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ISBN: 9789276487265
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Following the four talks given in April/May 2021 on Chip Scale Atomic Clocks and summarized in a JRC Technical Report, we here relate two presentations devoted to Next-Generation Chip Scale Atomic Clocks (NG-CSACs) organized and chaired by DG DEFIS Unit B.2 and given in October/November 2021 to an audience composed by policy officers from DG JRC, DG DEFIS, DG CNECT, DG DIGIT, DG MOVE, REA, EISMEA, HaDEA, COUNCIL, EUSPA, EDA, and ESA. The driving motivation for the development of a novel CSAC with a stability performance significantly improved with respect to the available products is to obtain a miniature primary frequency standard, that is a device with a frequency stability similar to that of a Caesium beam tube and the typical size, weight and power footprints of a chip-scale atomic clock. Such a device would have an application space much wider than the one attainable by CSACs of the current generation, which because of their high cost and their relatively poor long term stability can be regarded as niche items primarily aimed at high-end backpack military applications. In this report we provide an overview of the research efforts for the development of NG-CSACs: we describe the different physical platforms which are being investigated, analysing the technical bottlenecks and assessing their technological readiness level. Continuous progress both in core and in enabling technologies is taking place, driven in particular by the US DARPA support over the last ten years, and physical packages with very promising properties are being developed. However, a fully-integrated commercially viable NG-CSAC has yet to emerge.
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Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 17
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Book Description
We have undertaken a development effort to produce a prototype chip-scale atomic clock (CSAC). The design goals include short-term stability, with a total power consumption of less than 30 mW and overall device volume
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Publisher:
ISBN: 9789276406662
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
We report on a cycle of four presentations on Chip-Scale Atomic Clocks (CSACs) organized and chaired by DG DEFIS Unit B.2 and given by the author in April/May 2021 to an audience composed by policy officers from DG JRC, DG DEFIS, DG CNECT, DG DIGIT, DG MOVE, REA, EISMEA, HaDEA, COUNCIL, EUSPA, EDA, and ESA. The presentations provide an overview of the place of CSACs in the clock landscape, their underlying working principles and enabling technologies, the available commercial devices, and the research and development initiatives going on worldwide. Applications are also covered, from which it becomes apparent the importance of CSACs for several military uses, and in some civilian domains. The aim of the report is to provide scientific and technical background for policy initiatives in an area of potential interest for strategic autonomy. Indeed, this Technical Report shows that although the EU has a first-class research capability on CSACs and has developed advanced prototypes, the transition towards a market product with characteristics similar to those presently produced in the USA and in China needs attentive policy support. To be successful, a commercial CSAC needs to overcome the market uncertainties facing a product characterized by high manufacturing costs and an application domain falling mostly in the military and defence sector. Since in the EU accreditation and procurement of military equipment is determined by national regulations, there is a clear case for policy initiatives aimed at the institution of an EU-wide market space for CSACs, the only which can guarantee a demand large enough to enable the cost reductions associated with large-scale manufacturing. This point clearly emerged during the discussions which followed the presentations. Indeed, policy officer from both the European Commission and the European Defence Agency hinted at the necessity of establishing a mechanism for information exchange between relevant European institutions, national governments, and manufacturers of military equipment as a precondition to raise the interest of atomic clock producers towards a device which could contribute to EU strategic autonomy. It was agreed that the JRC will continue to provide the Commission the necessary assistance, in terms of technical know-how.
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 23
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Book Description
The authors have developed a chip-scale atomic clock (CSAC) for applications requiring atomic timing accuracy in portable battery-powered applications. At PTTI/FCS 2005, we reported on the demonstration of a prototype CSAC, with an overall size of 10 cubic centimeters, power consumption H150 mW, and short-term stability. Since that report, we have completed the development of the CSAC, including provision for autonomous lock acquisition and a calibrated output at 10.0 MHz, in addition to modifications to the physics package and system architecture to improve performance and manufacturability. Ten pre-production CSACs have been constructed in order to test unit-to-unit performance variations and to gain statistical confidence in operating specifications, environmental sensitivity, and manufacturability. All of the units have been subjected to a standard set of performance tests. Several of the units have been distributed to DoD system integrators and external testing facilities. Others have been subjected to environmental testing, including shock and vibration, long-term aging, and temperature performance. This paper will review the CSAC architecture, with particular attention to those aspects which have evolved since our previous report, as well as the results of evaluation of the preproduction CSACs.
Author: Y. Jade Morton
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119458420
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 2064
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Book Description
Covers the latest developments in PNT technologies, including integrated satellite navigation, sensor systems, and civil applications Featuring sixty-four chapters that are divided into six parts, this two-volume work provides comprehensive coverage of the state-of-the-art in satellite-based position, navigation, and timing (PNT) technologies and civilian applications. It also examines alternative navigation technologies based on other signals-of-opportunity and sensors and offers a comprehensive treatment on integrated PNT systems for consumer and commercial applications. Volume 1 of Position, Navigation, and Timing Technologies in the 21st Century: Integrated Satellite Navigation, Sensor Systems, and Civil Applications contains three parts and focuses on the satellite navigation systems, technologies, and engineering and scientific applications. It starts with a historical perspective of GPS development and other related PNT development. Current global and regional navigation satellite systems (GNSS and RNSS), their inter-operability, signal quality monitoring, satellite orbit and time synchronization, and ground- and satellite-based augmentation systems are examined. Recent progresses in satellite navigation receiver technologies and challenges for operations in multipath-rich urban environment, in handling spoofing and interference, and in ensuring PNT integrity are addressed. A section on satellite navigation for engineering and scientific applications finishes off the volume. Volume 2 of Position, Navigation, and Timing Technologies in the 21st Century: Integrated Satellite Navigation, Sensor Systems, and Civil Applications consists of three parts and addresses PNT using alternative signals and sensors and integrated PNT technologies for consumer and commercial applications. It looks at PNT using various radio signals-of-opportunity, atomic clock, optical, laser, magnetic field, celestial, MEMS and inertial sensors, as well as the concept of navigation from Low-Earth Orbiting (LEO) satellites. GNSS-INS integration, neuroscience of navigation, and animal navigation are also covered. The volume finishes off with a collection of work on contemporary PNT applications such as survey and mobile mapping, precision agriculture, wearable systems, automated driving, train control, commercial unmanned aircraft systems, aviation, and navigation in the unique Arctic environment. In addition, this text: Serves as a complete reference and handbook for professionals and students interested in the broad range of PNT subjects Includes chapters that focus on the latest developments in GNSS and other navigation sensors, techniques, and applications Illustrates interconnecting relationships between various types of technologies in order to assure more protected, tough, and accurate PNT Position, Navigation, and Timing Technologies in the 21st Century: Integrated Satellite Navigation, Sensor Systems, and Civil Applications will appeal to all industry professionals, researchers, and academics involved with the science, engineering, and applications of position, navigation, and timing technologies. pnt21book.com
Author: Fouad G. Major
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475729235
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 480
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Book Description
This work reviews the principles underlying quantum-based atomic clocks, with introductory chapters placing them in context with the development of mechanical clocks and electronic quartz-controlled clocks. The book details design principles of the rubidium, cesium, hydrogen maser, and mercury ion standards; changes enabled by the advent of the laser; and the time-based global navigation systems, Loran-C and the Global Positioning System. The new edition includes such recent developments as clocks based on quantum resonance at optical frequency in individual ions confined in miniature electromagnetic traps. The Quantum Beat explores the subject with a minimum of mathematical formalism.
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Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 13
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Book Description
Symmetricom-TRC has undertaken a development effort to produce a prototype chip-scale atomic clock "CSAC". The overall architecture of the CSAC and, in particular, the physics package, must be defined early in the project, prior to the onset of a large-scale engineering effort. Within the constraints imposed by the performance goals of the project, we have recognized two possible schemes for interrogating the ground-state hyperfine frequency of the gaseous atomic ensemble: the conventional double-resonance technique and the coherent population trapping technique. In this paper, we describe a laboratory apparatus, which allows for in situ comparison of the two techniques, without the ambiguities associated with comparing data from disparate experiments. Data are presented comparing the short-term stability resultant of the two techniques, as well as environmental sensitivity to resonance cell temperature, laser intensity, and RF power.
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 6
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Book Description
We report the status of ongoing activities in development of a compact, low-power atomic time/frequency standard, the Chip-Scale Atomic Clock (CSAC). The status of efforts addressing the refinement of the CSAC for improved mechanical and environmental robustness is described. The improved frequency stability offered by CSAC has the potential to impact a number of system applications, and these impacts are discussed.
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Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0123810221
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 305
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Book Description
Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics continues the tradition of the Advances series. It contains contributions from experts in the field of atomic, molecular, and optical (AMO) physics. The articles contain some review material, but are intended to provide a comprehensive picture of recent important developments in AMO physics. Both theoretical and experimental articles are included in the volume. International experts Comprehensive articles New developments
