Author: Marc W. Charonnat
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 604
Book Description
The California Zero-emission Vehicle Regulations
Author: Marc W. Charonnat
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 604
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 604
Book Description
Driving Emissions to Zero
Author: Lloyd S. Dixon
Publisher: Rand Corporation
ISBN: 9780833032126
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 139
Book Description
California's Zero Emission Vehicle ÝZEV¨ program requires that starting in 2003, a portion of the new vehicles delivered for sale in the state must produce no emissions. This study examines the costs and emission benefits of battery powered electric vehicles, direct hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles, and other advanced technology vehicles, such as gasoline hybrid electric vehicles, that manufacturers may use to satisfy program requirements. The authors find that the cost of battery-powered electric vehicles per ton of emissions reduced is very high and not likely to fall to reasonable levels any time soon, and that it is too early to tell whether direct hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, which show much promise, are an economical way to improve California's air quality. The study also evaluates California's goal of reducing the emissions of the state's light duty vehicle fleet to zero. It finds that federal air quality standards can be met without a zero emission fleet and that lower cost alternatives for improving air quality appear available. The authors conclude that instead of requiring manufacturers to meet emission reduction targets with particular vehicle technologies, California should eliminate the requirement for zero emission vehicles, tighten emission standards on light-duty vehicles, and focus on setting emission performance standards.
Publisher: Rand Corporation
ISBN: 9780833032126
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 139
Book Description
California's Zero Emission Vehicle ÝZEV¨ program requires that starting in 2003, a portion of the new vehicles delivered for sale in the state must produce no emissions. This study examines the costs and emission benefits of battery powered electric vehicles, direct hydrogen fuel-cell vehicles, and other advanced technology vehicles, such as gasoline hybrid electric vehicles, that manufacturers may use to satisfy program requirements. The authors find that the cost of battery-powered electric vehicles per ton of emissions reduced is very high and not likely to fall to reasonable levels any time soon, and that it is too early to tell whether direct hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, which show much promise, are an economical way to improve California's air quality. The study also evaluates California's goal of reducing the emissions of the state's light duty vehicle fleet to zero. It finds that federal air quality standards can be met without a zero emission fleet and that lower cost alternatives for improving air quality appear available. The authors conclude that instead of requiring manufacturers to meet emission reduction targets with particular vehicle technologies, California should eliminate the requirement for zero emission vehicles, tighten emission standards on light-duty vehicles, and focus on setting emission performance standards.
The California Zero-emission Vehicle Mandate
Author: Gustavo Oscar Collantes
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 370
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 370
Book Description
Driving Emissions to Zero. Are the Benefits of California's Zero Emission Vehicle Program Worth the Costs?
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 155
Book Description
The Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) program is a controversial part of California's strategy for meeting federal air quality standards. The program has been significantly modified multiple times since it was adopted by the California Air Resources Board in 1990 and is currently being challenged in court. This report is an independent assessment of the costs and emission benefits of ZEVs and the other low-emission vehicles that manufacturers are allowed to use to meet ZEV program requirements. It reviews the program in the context of the overall strategy for reducing emissions in the greater Los Angeles area and makes recommendations for reform. The analysis and results presented should be of interest to government agencies, environmental groups, and automakers involved in developing policies to improve air quality in California. California has made significant progress in improving air quality in many parts of the state. However, substantial reductions in emissions of non-methane organic gases (NMO(3) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) are still needed to meet federal standards in California's South Coast Air Basin by 2010, as required by the Clean Air Act. The South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) and the California Air Resources Board (CARB) have adopted an aggressive strategy to reduce emissions. A controversial part of this strategy is the state's Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) program, which requires that auto manufacturers begin selling ZEVs starting in 2003. The ZEV program is a first step in achieving CARB.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 155
Book Description
The Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) program is a controversial part of California's strategy for meeting federal air quality standards. The program has been significantly modified multiple times since it was adopted by the California Air Resources Board in 1990 and is currently being challenged in court. This report is an independent assessment of the costs and emission benefits of ZEVs and the other low-emission vehicles that manufacturers are allowed to use to meet ZEV program requirements. It reviews the program in the context of the overall strategy for reducing emissions in the greater Los Angeles area and makes recommendations for reform. The analysis and results presented should be of interest to government agencies, environmental groups, and automakers involved in developing policies to improve air quality in California. California has made significant progress in improving air quality in many parts of the state. However, substantial reductions in emissions of non-methane organic gases (NMO(3) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) are still needed to meet federal standards in California's South Coast Air Basin by 2010, as required by the Clean Air Act. The South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) and the California Air Resources Board (CARB) have adopted an aggressive strategy to reduce emissions. A controversial part of this strategy is the state's Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) program, which requires that auto manufacturers begin selling ZEVs starting in 2003. The ZEV program is a first step in achieving CARB.
Hearing on California's Plan for Fuel Standards and Clean Vehicles
Author: California. Legislature. Assembly. Committee on Transportation
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Automobiles
Languages : en
Pages : 250
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Automobiles
Languages : en
Pages : 250
Book Description
Regulatory Impediments to Neighborhood Electric Vehicles
Author: Timothy Edward Lipman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electric vehicles
Languages : en
Pages : 10
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electric vehicles
Languages : en
Pages : 10
Book Description
Report to the Legislature and the Governor on Regulations to Control Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Motor Vehicles
Author: California Environmental Protection Agency. Air Resources Board
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air quality management
Languages : en
Pages : 114
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air quality management
Languages : en
Pages : 114
Book Description
Economic Perspectives on Revising California's Zero-emission Vehicle Mandate
Author: Lloyd S. Dixon
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 14
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 14
Book Description
California Zero-emission Vehicle Mandate
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 2
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 2
Book Description
State and Federal Standards for Mobile-Source Emissions
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309101514
Category : Transportation
Languages : en
Pages : 362
Book Description
Emissions from mobile sources contribute significantly to air pollution in the United States. Such sources include cars and light- and heavy-duty trucks; diesel-powered cranes, bulldozers, and tractors; and equipment such as lawnmowers that run on small gasoline engines. The role of state versus federal government in establishing mobile-source emissions standards is an important environmental management issue. With this in mind, Congress called on EPA to arrange an independent study of the practices and procedures by which California develops separate emissions standards from the federal government and other states choose to adopt the California standards. The report provides an assessment of the scientific and technical procedures used by states to develop or adopt different emissions standards and a comparison of those policies and practices with those used by EPA. It also considers the impacts of state emissions standards on various factors including compliance costs and emissions. The report concludes that, despite the substantial progress in reducing emissions from mobile sources nationwide, more needs to be done to attain federal air-quality standards in many parts of the country. Additionally, California should continue its pioneering role in setting emissions standards for cars, trucks, and off-road equipment.
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309101514
Category : Transportation
Languages : en
Pages : 362
Book Description
Emissions from mobile sources contribute significantly to air pollution in the United States. Such sources include cars and light- and heavy-duty trucks; diesel-powered cranes, bulldozers, and tractors; and equipment such as lawnmowers that run on small gasoline engines. The role of state versus federal government in establishing mobile-source emissions standards is an important environmental management issue. With this in mind, Congress called on EPA to arrange an independent study of the practices and procedures by which California develops separate emissions standards from the federal government and other states choose to adopt the California standards. The report provides an assessment of the scientific and technical procedures used by states to develop or adopt different emissions standards and a comparison of those policies and practices with those used by EPA. It also considers the impacts of state emissions standards on various factors including compliance costs and emissions. The report concludes that, despite the substantial progress in reducing emissions from mobile sources nationwide, more needs to be done to attain federal air-quality standards in many parts of the country. Additionally, California should continue its pioneering role in setting emissions standards for cars, trucks, and off-road equipment.