Author: William Skinner Cooper
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 178

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Author: W. S. Cooper
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: William S. Cooper
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781331888086
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 166

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Excerpt from The Broad-Sclerophyll Vegetation of California: An Ecological Study of the Chaparral and Its Related Communities The characteristic vegetation of California west of the high Sierra Nevada and the Colorado and Mojave Deserts is of the type aptly described by the term "broad-sclerophyll." The use of the prefix "broad," which expresses a very general group character, in distinction to the needle-leaf of the "narrow-sclerophyll" conifers, is not without its disadvantages, since the most important chaparral species, Adenostoma fasciculatum, possesses a needle-like leaf. This single though important exception seems not to be sufficient cause for discarding the very expressive appellation. Broad-sclerophyll vegetation is not confined to California, but recurs upon other portions of the earth's surface, notably the shores of the Mediterranean. The leaf character is the conspicuous and diagnostic feature, that organ being thick, stiff, and hard, ordinarily flat, and evergreen. Schimper (80) has shown that this vegetation type is everywhere correlated with a definite type of climate, namely, one with a long, dry summer and a rainy winter. Some of the broad-sclerophylls are trees, but most are scrubs. We therefore find broad-sclerophyll forest and broad-sclerophyll scrub, the latter being the more widespread and important. The present work is an ecological study of the broad-sclerophylls of California; of their relations to climate and soil and to each other. Being somewhat of a pioneer work, many phases of the problem are touched, and many lines of investigation have been opened up which could not be followed to the end. The field is a fascinating one, and a lifetime would not suffice to exhaust its possibilities. In the Mediterranean region broad-sclerophyll scrub is known as "macchie" and "garigue"; in California it is called "chaparral." It has already been noted that the scrub is more important than the forest, both scientifically and economically. In fact, the present research began as an investigation of the chaparral alone. Because of the close relations between them, it was a simple matter to extend the field of study to include the trees. The term "chaparral" is of Spanish origin, being derived from the word "chaparra," meaning scrub oak. It seems to have been applied by the early explorers of California to the low, shrubby, dominantly evergreen vegetation which they found to be so characteristic of the Coast Ranges and the foothills of the Sierras. Locally the term is sometimes restricted to a single species, often Ceanothus cuneatus. The term "chamisal" is frequently applied to a pure growth of Adenostoma fasciculatum or "chamise." About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Author: Howard McMinn
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Shrubs
Languages : en
Pages : 724

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Author: William S. 1884- Cooper
Publisher: Sagwan Press
ISBN: 9781340372453
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Author: William Skinner Cooper
Publisher: Nabu Press
ISBN: 9781294688525
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 176

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This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.

Author: William S. (William Skinner) 18 Cooper
Publisher: Wentworth Press
ISBN: 9781360744124
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 166

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Book Description
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Animal ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 314

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Book Description
Vols. 16-21 include supplement: British empire vegetation abstracts.

Author: Howard McMinn
Publisher: Stanford University Press
ISBN:
Category : Botany
Languages : en
Pages : 44

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Author: Michael Barbour
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 0520933362
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 734

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Book Description
This thoroughly revised, entirely rewritten edition of what is the essential reference on California’s diverse and ever-changing vegetation now brings readers the most authoritative, state-of-the-art view of California’s plant ecosystems available. Integrating decades of research, leading community ecologists and field botanists describe and classify California’s vegetation types, identify environmental factors that determine the distribution of vegetation types, analyze the role of disturbance regimes in vegetation dynamics, chronicle change due to human activities, identify conservation issues, describe restoration strategies, and prioritize directions for new research. Several new chapters address statewide issues such as the historic appearance and impact of introduced and invasive plants, the soils of California, and more.