The Accuracy of Various Indirect Determinations of Body Composition PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download The Accuracy of Various Indirect Determinations of Body Composition PDF full book. Access full book title The Accuracy of Various Indirect Determinations of Body Composition by Michael S. Wegner. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Michael S. Wegner
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Body composition
Languages : en
Pages : 256
Get Book Here
Book Description
Accurate determinations of body composition, fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) are of interest to scientists as well as many individuals who serve as health and fitness practitioners. Currently, researchers and practitioners use a variety of indirect methods to determine body composition. Traditional methods of estimating percent body fat include hydrostatic weighing, skinfold anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), utilized most commonly to determine bone mineral content, has recently been proposed to be an accurate measure in the assessment of body composition. Hologic Inc., manufacturers of the QDR-1000/W bone densitometer, have recently developed tissue composition software which can be used to estimate percent body fat in humans. Although the Hologic QDR-1000/W has been extensively evaluated for its accuracy in measuring tissue composition in "vitro", "in vivo" validation studies of body composition have been few. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the Hologic QDR-1000/W in determining human body composition by comparing values for percent fat from DEXA to values derived using a multicomponent criterion measure of body composition in a group of 51 women and 50 men aged 19-82 years. Additionally, it was of interest to make comparisons of percent body fat determinations between the multicomponent criterion model and hydrostatic weighing, skinfold measures and bioelectrical impedance. All subjects completed the various body composition procedures used to estimate percent body fat: DEXA, hydrostatic weighing (2-component model), skinfold anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance. The multicomponent (4-component) criterion model procedures induded hydrostatic weighing (body density), DEXA whole body scanning (bone mineral content), and deuterium oxide (D20) dilution in respiratory water (total body water). Results of this study failed to reveal statistically significant mean percent body fat differences between hydrostatic weighing (2-component model) and the 4-component criterion model (25.2 ± 9.4 vs. 26.7 ± 8.4%, p> 0.05) for all 101 subjects. However, differences in percent body fat were found between the 4-component model (26.7 ± 8.4%) and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (23.2 ± 7.9%), skinfold anthropometry (24.0 ± 8.5%) and bioelectrical impedance (23.4 ± 7.5%). Among women, hydrostatic weighing (2-component model), DEXA, skinfold anthropometry, and bioelectrical impedance all provided accurate estimates of percent body fat. However, each of the various indirect methods used to predict body composition underestimated percent body fat in men.
Author: Michael S. Wegner
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Body composition
Languages : en
Pages : 256
Get Book Here
Book Description
Accurate determinations of body composition, fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) are of interest to scientists as well as many individuals who serve as health and fitness practitioners. Currently, researchers and practitioners use a variety of indirect methods to determine body composition. Traditional methods of estimating percent body fat include hydrostatic weighing, skinfold anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance. Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), utilized most commonly to determine bone mineral content, has recently been proposed to be an accurate measure in the assessment of body composition. Hologic Inc., manufacturers of the QDR-1000/W bone densitometer, have recently developed tissue composition software which can be used to estimate percent body fat in humans. Although the Hologic QDR-1000/W has been extensively evaluated for its accuracy in measuring tissue composition in "vitro", "in vivo" validation studies of body composition have been few. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the Hologic QDR-1000/W in determining human body composition by comparing values for percent fat from DEXA to values derived using a multicomponent criterion measure of body composition in a group of 51 women and 50 men aged 19-82 years. Additionally, it was of interest to make comparisons of percent body fat determinations between the multicomponent criterion model and hydrostatic weighing, skinfold measures and bioelectrical impedance. All subjects completed the various body composition procedures used to estimate percent body fat: DEXA, hydrostatic weighing (2-component model), skinfold anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance. The multicomponent (4-component) criterion model procedures induded hydrostatic weighing (body density), DEXA whole body scanning (bone mineral content), and deuterium oxide (D20) dilution in respiratory water (total body water). Results of this study failed to reveal statistically significant mean percent body fat differences between hydrostatic weighing (2-component model) and the 4-component criterion model (25.2 ± 9.4 vs. 26.7 ± 8.4%, p> 0.05) for all 101 subjects. However, differences in percent body fat were found between the 4-component model (26.7 ± 8.4%) and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (23.2 ± 7.9%), skinfold anthropometry (24.0 ± 8.5%) and bioelectrical impedance (23.4 ± 7.5%). Among women, hydrostatic weighing (2-component model), DEXA, skinfold anthropometry, and bioelectrical impedance all provided accurate estimates of percent body fat. However, each of the various indirect methods used to predict body composition underestimated percent body fat in men.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 030904586X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 371
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book surveys the entire field of body composition as it relates to performance. It includes a clear definition of terminology and a discussion of the various methods for measuring body composition. The authored papers represent a state-of-the-art review of this controversial field and address questions such as: What is a better measure of body compositionâ€"body fat or lean body mass? Does being overweight for one's height really affect performance? The book also addresses the issue of physical appearance as it relates to body fatness and performance. It includes an in-depth discussion of many of the topics of interest to those involved in sports medicine and exercise physiology.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309037956
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 384
Get Book Here
Book Description
This lively book examines recent trends in animal product consumption and diet; reviews industry efforts, policies, and programs aimed at improving the nutritional attributes of animal products; and offers suggestions for further research. In addition, the volume reviews dietary and health recommendations from major health organizations and notes specific target levels for nutrients.
Author: Steven Heymsfield
Publisher: Human Kinetics
ISBN: 9780736046558
Category : Anthropometry
Languages : en
Pages : 544
Get Book Here
Book Description
The 2nd edition of Human Body Composition includes updated information and new chapters. The editors and 35 contributors are well respected researchers in the field of body composition science. This is one of few texts that provides comprehensive coverage of body composition research. The primary intent is to present current information on research methods. This book can serve as a textbook for those who are students or new researchers. Descriptions of various methods and background information are imparted in great detail with numerous references. New chapters address energy expenditure, animal body composition, molecular genetics and body composition as it relates to disease states of cancer, HIV, obesity and certain inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, congestive heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This book is recommended for students and new researchers in the field of body composition research who need to learn various methods, histories and practical applications--Publisher's description.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 532
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: American College of Sports Medicine
Publisher: Human Kinetics Publishers
ISBN: 1492526398
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 202
Get Book Here
Book Description
ACSM's Body Composition Assessment provides practicing fitness, health, and medical professionals with information about various body composition measurement methods in clinical and field settings--evidence-based protocols, advantages, sources of measurement error, and more.
Author: Stefan D. Anker
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 8847005523
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 739
Get Book Here
Book Description
Cachexia may well represent the flip side of the tremendous achievements of modern medicine. The aim of this volume, written by world-renowned scientists, is to provide the best available evidence on the pathogenesis, clinical features and therapeutic approach of cachexia, and to facilitate the understanding of the complex yet unequivocal clinical role of this syndrome, that truly represents a disease, or, more likely, a disease within other different diseases.
Author: Kenneth J. Ellis
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1489912681
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 392
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book is the compilation of papers presented at the International Symposium on In Vivo Body Composition Studies, held in Houston, Texas, November 10-12, 1992. The purpose of this conference was to report on the state-of-the-art techniques for in vivo body composition measurements and to present the most recent human data on normal body composition and changes during disease. This conference was the third in a series of meetings on body composition studies held in North America, and follows the successful meetings at Brookhaven National Laboratory in 1986, and the one in Toronto in 1989. A large number of excellent research papers were offered for consideration at this Conference which demonstrates the rapid growth of the field in the last three years. However, we had to limit the presentations to approximately 90 papers which provided a broad spectrum of the applications and recent interest in the subject. The proceedings of the Brookhaven meeting "In Vivo Body Composition Studies", is published by The Institute of Physical Sciences in Medicine, London. The proceedings of the Toronto meeting "In Vivo Body Composition Studies" was published by Plenum Press in its basic life science series. Both these meetings placed more emphasis on technical aspects while the current Houston meeting tried to emphasize more the emerging clinical applications of these techniques. The general sessions used at the Conference for presentations forms the basis of the order of appearance of the papers in this book.
Author: Willa Corrine Fornetti
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Body composition
Languages : en
Pages : 262
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Zackary Cicone
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages :
Get Book Here
Book Description
Doubly indirect methods of assessing body composition are commonly used in laboratory and practical settings. The purpose of this dissertation was to expand upon the methodological discrepancies associated with various techniques, and to provide improved equations to overcome these limitations. A series of three studies was conducted to 1) improve the estimation of underwater residual lung volume (RLV), 2) systematically review and quantify the error associated with single-frequency bioimpedance analysis (SFBIA) for the determination of total body water (TBW), and 3) develop a novel equation for predicting percent body fat (%BF) from skinfolds using a criterion multi-compartment model. The first study developed an equation for the prediction of underwater RLV in healthy adults using age and height as predictor variables. The new equation produced superior validity statistics upon cross-validation compared to four existing equations, indicating that it may be used by practitioners to accurately estimate underwater RLV during hydrostatic weighing. The second study systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed 264 effects from 51 original studies designed to compare SFBIA to criterion dilution methods for TBW estimation. Although a non-significant overall effect was identified, there was significant variability associated with SFBIA methodology (i.e., frequency and resistivity index) and sample sex (% female). Moderator analyses indicated that SFBIA procedures utilizing Ht2/R at 100 kHz produced the most accurate estimate of TBW when compared to isotope dilution techniques. The third study developed a skinfold-based equation for the prediction of five-compartment model %BF in a sample of healthy adults. The new equation outperformed selected existing equations when cross-validated, indicating its potential utility for practitioners concerned with obtaining accurate estimates of %BF in the general population.
