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Author: Schmidt, Emily
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
This paper evaluates Ethiopia’s urbanization trend during the last four decades, while also considering Ethiopia’s structural transformation and recent public investments to promote greater industrialization within the country. Ethiopia’s urban population grew 4.2 percent per year between 1994 and 2015, far outpacing the overall population growth rate of 2.5 percent. Compared to the urban growth rate of Africa (3.5 percent per year), Ethiopia experienced a 20 percent faster urban population growth rate (UNDESA 2015). Urbanization in Ethiopia is expected to reach 38 percent by 2050. However, this level is relatively low compared to the majority of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries. Improved road infrastructure, rural to urban migration and secondary city development is increasing urbanization within the country. In addition, recent public investments to promote industrialization and increase manufacturing labor opportunities via newly constructed and planned industrial parks are projected to increase urbanization and bolster structural transformation across the country. We evaluate these investments and demographic trends within the context of other countries in sub-Saharan Africa, as well as with the experience of India and China. Ethiopia’s investment in higher-value manufacturing and service activities via economic zones may provide similar infrastructure to that of China and India’s ‘township and village enterprises’ (TVE). However, a focus on increasing human capacity and labor mobility will be necessary to ensure that rural farmers are able to take advantage of labor opportunities outside of the agriculture sector. We calculate the projected economic impact of Ethiopia’s planned industrial zones and sugar factories and find that while public and private investment in industrial and agro-industrial parks may provide a catalyst for future growth, they are likely to provide only a small share of total output and employment. Investments in sugar factories are anticipated to total USD 5.2 billion, with estimated production of USD 3.6 billion and value-added of USD 3.3 billion. However, an increase in sugar output of this magnitude would imply massive sugar exports that may not be financially profitable.
Author: Schmidt, Emily
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 48
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Book Description
This paper evaluates Ethiopia’s urbanization trend during the last four decades, while also considering Ethiopia’s structural transformation and recent public investments to promote greater industrialization within the country. Ethiopia’s urban population grew 4.2 percent per year between 1994 and 2015, far outpacing the overall population growth rate of 2.5 percent. Compared to the urban growth rate of Africa (3.5 percent per year), Ethiopia experienced a 20 percent faster urban population growth rate (UNDESA 2015). Urbanization in Ethiopia is expected to reach 38 percent by 2050. However, this level is relatively low compared to the majority of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries. Improved road infrastructure, rural to urban migration and secondary city development is increasing urbanization within the country. In addition, recent public investments to promote industrialization and increase manufacturing labor opportunities via newly constructed and planned industrial parks are projected to increase urbanization and bolster structural transformation across the country. We evaluate these investments and demographic trends within the context of other countries in sub-Saharan Africa, as well as with the experience of India and China. Ethiopia’s investment in higher-value manufacturing and service activities via economic zones may provide similar infrastructure to that of China and India’s ‘township and village enterprises’ (TVE). However, a focus on increasing human capacity and labor mobility will be necessary to ensure that rural farmers are able to take advantage of labor opportunities outside of the agriculture sector. We calculate the projected economic impact of Ethiopia’s planned industrial zones and sugar factories and find that while public and private investment in industrial and agro-industrial parks may provide a catalyst for future growth, they are likely to provide only a small share of total output and employment. Investments in sugar factories are anticipated to total USD 5.2 billion, with estimated production of USD 3.6 billion and value-added of USD 3.3 billion. However, an increase in sugar output of this magnitude would imply massive sugar exports that may not be financially profitable.
Author: Schmidt, Emily
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 4
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Book Description
This research note evaluates Ethiopia’s demographic shift over the last four decades while also evaluating potential urbanization trends 20 years into the future.1 Propelling Ethiopia’s urban growth is new secondary city development, ongoing population growth in small towns, and improved access to markets. In order to understand how secondary city growth is contributing to urbanization, we update the agglomeration index for the country. In addition, we look at recent patterns of domestic migration. Reviewing the government’s investment strategy in industrial parks and sugar factories, we explore current plans for industrial zones in Ethiopia. In examining the scope for their success, we consider the key role that government policy will need to play in terms of overall investment in infrastructure, as well as the major implications of macro-economic and trade policies to motivate increased private sector investment in Ethiopia’s industrial sector.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 926452648X
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
This report takes a spatial approach to study Ethiopia’s rural development strategies. It highlights the need to develop stronger and more functional linkages between rural and urban areas. As such, the development of intermediary cities and small urban centres provides large scope for inclusive rural transformation. The report is the result of rigorous analysis, and extensive consultations with national and international stakeholders. It identifies some of the key challenges faced by rural areas and provides a series of recommendations to enhance Ethiopia’s rural development strategies.
Author: Niclas Moneke
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: OECD
Publisher: Org. for Economic Cooperation & Development
ISBN: 9789264895027
Category : Economic development
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Addressing rural development is key for Ethiopia's growth process. A series of government-led structural reforms have contributed to sustained growth in the country over the last two decades as well as to considerable poverty reduction in rural areas. However, Ethiopia faces critical challenges it will need to overcome to meet the needs of a growing rural population. In practice, this will require updating the existing rural development strategy in order to better integrate the interaction of rural and urban areas. Policy approaches that account for the fast urbanisation process experienced in the country will therefore be key to improving the well-being of rural populations and promoting national growth. This report takes a spatial approach to study Ethiopia's rural development strategies. It highlights the need to develop stronger and more functional linkages between rural and urban areas. As such, the development of intermediary cities and small urban centres provides large scope for inclusive rural transformation. The report is the result of rigorous analysis, and extensive consultations with national and international stakeholders. It identifies some of the key challenges faced by rural areas and provides a series of recommendations to enhance Ethiopia's rural development strategies.
Author: Antonio Andreoni
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192894315
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 411
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Book Description
Taking South Africa as an important case study of the challenges of structural transformation, the book offers a new micro-meso level framework and evidence linking country-specific and global dynamics of change, with a focus on the current challenges and opportunities faced by middle-income countries.
Author: Valerie Mueller
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0192587315
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 336
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Book Description
This is an open access title available under the terms of a CC BY-NC 4.0 International licence. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations. Sub-Saharan Africa's rural population is growing rapidly, and more young people are entering the labour market every year. This raises serious policy questions. Can rural economies absorb enough job seekers? Could better-educated youth transform Africa's rural economies by adopting new technologies and starting businesses? Are policymakers responding to the youth employment challenge? Or will there be widespread unemployment, social instability, and an exodus to cities and abroad? Youth and Jobs in Rural Africa: Beyond Stylized Facts uses survey data to build a nuanced understanding of the constraints and opportunities facing rural youth in Africa. Addressing the questions of Africa's rural youth is currently hampered by major gaps in our knowledge and stylized facts from cross-country trends or studies that do not focus on the core issues. Youth and Jobs in Rural Africa takes a different approach, drawing on household and firm surveys from selected African countries with an explicit focus on rural youth. It argues that a balance between alarm and optimism is warranted, and that Africa's "youth bulge" is not an unprecedented challenge. Jobs in rural areas are limited, but agriculture is transforming and youth are participating, adopting new technologies and running businesses. Governments have adopted youth employment as a priority, but policies often do not address the specific needs of rural populations. Youth and Jobs in Rural Africa emphasizes that by going beyond stylized facts and drawing on more granular analysis, we can design effective policies to turn Africa's youth problem into an opportunity for rural transformation.
Author: Diao, Xinshen, ed.
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN: 0896293807
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 548
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Book Description
Agricultural mechanization in Africa south of the Sahara — especially for small farms and businesses — requires a new paradigm to meet the needs of the continent’s evolving farming systems. Can Asia, with its recent success in adopting mechanization, offer a model for Africa? An Evolving Paradigm of Agricultural Mechanization Development analyzes the experiences of eight Asian and five African countries. The authors explore crucial government roles in boosting and supporting mechanization, from import policies to promotion policies to public good policies. Potential approaches presented to facilitating mechanization in Africa include prioritizing market-led hiring services, eliminating distortions, and developing appropriate technologies for the African context. The role of agricultural mechanization within overall agricultural and rural transformation strategies in Africa is also discussed. The book’s recommendations and insights should be useful to national policymakers and the development community, who can adapt this knowledge to local contexts and use it as a foundation for further research.
Author: Kirsten Hommann
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464814058
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 59
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Book Description
For African cities to grow economically as they have grown in size, they must create productive environments to attract investments, increase economic efficiency, and create livable environments that prevent urban costs from rising with increased population densification. What are the central obstacles that prevent African cities and towns from becoming sustainable engines of economic growth and prosperity? Among the most critical factors that limit the growth and livability of urban areas are land markets, investments in public infrastructure and assets, and the institutions to enable both. To unleash the potential of African cities and towns for delivering services and employment in a livable and environmentally friendly environment, a sequenced approach is needed to reform institutions and policies and to target infrastructure investments. This book lays out three foundations that need fixing to guide cities and towns throughout Sub-Saharan Africa on their way to productivity and livability.
Author: Somik V. Lall
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN:
Category : Mercado de trabajo - Paises en desarrollo
Languages : en
Pages : 63
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Book Description
"The migration of labor from rural to urban areas is an important part of the urbanization process in developing countries. Even though it has been the focus of abundant research over the past five decades, some key policy questions have not found clear answers yet. To what extent is internal migration a desirable phenomenon and under what circumstances? Should governments intervene and, if so, with what types of interventions? What should be their policy objectives? To shed light on these important issues, the authors survey the existing theoretical models and their conflicting policy implications and discuss the policies that may be justified based on recent relevant empirical studies. A key limitation is that much of the empirical literature does not provide structural tests of the theoretical models, but only provides partial findings that can support or invalidate intuitions and in that sense, support or invalidate the policy implications of the models. The authors' broad assessment of the literature is that migration can be beneficial or at least be turned into a beneficial phenomenon so that in general migration restrictions are not desirable. They also identify some data issues and research topics which merit further investigation. "--World Bank web site.
