Symétries, Brisures de Symétries Et Complexité en Mathématiques, Physique Et Biologie PDF Download
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Author: Luciano Boi
Publisher: Peter Lang
ISBN: 9783039107629
Category : Philosophy
Languages : fr
Pages : 324
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Book Description
Cet ouvrage aborde des questions fondamentales qui se rattachent à des idées et des méthodes développées depuis quelques décennies dans les sciences de la nature et du vivant ainsi qu'à l'interface entre les deux. Il propose de nouvelles approches interdisciplinaires pour étudier plusieurs aspects théoriques, empiriques, et épistémologiques qui touchent à des problèmes scientifiques cruciaux pour lesquels on ne dispose pas à l'heure actuelle d'explication satisfaisante. Ces questions et ces problèmes concernent notamment la signification des symétries, des brisures de symétries et de la complexité dans la nature et le monde du vivant, le statut des systèmes dynamiques, des bifurcations et du chaos, les propriétés de stabilité et d'instabilité des structures ainsi que la nature des processus sous-jacents à l'émergence des formes et à l'apparition de comportements coopératifs. Dans ce livre on trouvera maints exemples qui illustrent comment la géométrie et la topologie offrent une conception dynamique de la nature qui ne sépare plus à la hache et de manière absolue le vivant de la matière dite inerte, l'ordre du désordre, le simple du complexe, le local du global, la stabilité de l'instabilité, le déterminisme de l'indéterminisme, le certain de l'aléatoire, etc. Cet ouvrage met en relation la diversité étonnante des phénomènes et des formes que l'on rencontre dans la nature et que l'on observe dans le monde biologique avec les différents modes selon lesquels les corps physiques et les êtres vivants, et tout particulièrement leurs substrats physico-chimiques, sont sujets à une transformation incessante sous l'action de quelques grands principes spatiaux et temporels.
Author: Luciano Boi
Publisher: Peter Lang
ISBN: 9783039107629
Category : Philosophy
Languages : fr
Pages : 324
Get Book Here
Book Description
Cet ouvrage aborde des questions fondamentales qui se rattachent à des idées et des méthodes développées depuis quelques décennies dans les sciences de la nature et du vivant ainsi qu'à l'interface entre les deux. Il propose de nouvelles approches interdisciplinaires pour étudier plusieurs aspects théoriques, empiriques, et épistémologiques qui touchent à des problèmes scientifiques cruciaux pour lesquels on ne dispose pas à l'heure actuelle d'explication satisfaisante. Ces questions et ces problèmes concernent notamment la signification des symétries, des brisures de symétries et de la complexité dans la nature et le monde du vivant, le statut des systèmes dynamiques, des bifurcations et du chaos, les propriétés de stabilité et d'instabilité des structures ainsi que la nature des processus sous-jacents à l'émergence des formes et à l'apparition de comportements coopératifs. Dans ce livre on trouvera maints exemples qui illustrent comment la géométrie et la topologie offrent une conception dynamique de la nature qui ne sépare plus à la hache et de manière absolue le vivant de la matière dite inerte, l'ordre du désordre, le simple du complexe, le local du global, la stabilité de l'instabilité, le déterminisme de l'indéterminisme, le certain de l'aléatoire, etc. Cet ouvrage met en relation la diversité étonnante des phénomènes et des formes que l'on rencontre dans la nature et que l'on observe dans le monde biologique avec les différents modes selon lesquels les corps physiques et les êtres vivants, et tout particulièrement leurs substrats physico-chimiques, sont sujets à une transformation incessante sous l'action de quelques grands principes spatiaux et temporels.
Author: Bertrand Zavidovique
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814383287
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 328
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Book Description
The book gathers articles that were exposed during the seventh edition of the Workshop ?Data Analysis in Astronomy?. It illustrates a current trend to search for common expressions or models transcending usual disciplines, possibly associated with some lack in the Mathematics required to model complex systems. In that, data analysis would be at the epicentre and a key facilitator of some current integrative phase of Science.It is all devoted to the question of ?representation in Science?, whence its name, IMAGe IN AcTION, and main thrusts Part A: Information: data organization and communication, Part B: System: structure and behaviour, Part C: Data ? System representation. Such a classification makes concepts as ?complexity? or ?dynamics? appear like transverse notions: a measure among others or a dimensional feature among others.Part A broadly discusses a dialogue between experiments and information, be information extracted-from or brought-to experiments. The concept is fundamental in statistics and tailors to the emergence of collective behaviours. Communication then asks for uncertainty considerations ? noise, indeterminacy or approximation ? and its wider impact on the couple perception-action. Clustering being all about uncertainty handling, data set representation appears not to be the only solution: Introducing hierarchies with adapted metrics, a priori pre-improving the data resolution are other methods in need of evaluation. The technology together with increasing semantics enables to involve synthetic data as simulation results for the multiplication of sources.Part B plays with another couple important for complex systems: state vs. transition. State-first descriptions would characterize physics, while transition-first would fit biology. That could stem from life producing dynamical systems in essence. Uncertainty joining causality here, geometry can bring answers: stable patterns in the state space involve constraints from some dynamics consistency. Stable patterns of activity characterize biological systems too. In the living world, the complexity ? i.e. a global measure on both states and transitions ? increases with consciousness: this might be a principle of evolution. Beside geometry or measures, operators and topology have supporters for reporting on dynamical systems. Eventually targeting universality, the category theory of topological thermodynamics is proposed as a foundation of dynamical system understanding.Part C details examples of actual data-system relations in regards to explicit applications and experiments. It shows how pure computer display and animation techniques link models and representations to ?reality? in some ?concrete? virtual, manner. Such techniques are inspired from artificial life, with no connection to physical, biological or physiological phenomena! The Virtual Observatory is the second illustration of the evidence that simulation helps Science not only in giving access to more flexible parameter variability, but also due to the associated data and method storing-capabilities. It fosters interoperability, statistics on bulky corpuses, efficient data mining possibly through the web etc. in short a reuse of resources in general, including novel ideas and competencies. Other examples deal more classically with inverse modelling and reconstruction, involving Bayesian techniques or chaos but also fractal and symmetry.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 1052
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Book Description
Author: Die deutsche Nationalbibliothek
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : de
Pages : 1080
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Book Description
Author: George Terzis
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 026229513X
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 459
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Book Description
The informational nature of biological organization, at levels from the genetic and epigenetic to the cognitive and linguistic. Information shapes biological organization in fundamental ways and at every organizational level. Because organisms use information—including DNA codes, gene expression, and chemical signaling—to construct, maintain, repair, and replicate themselves, it would seem only natural to use information-related ideas in our attempts to understand the general nature of living systems, the causality by which they operate, the difference between living and inanimate matter, and the emergence, in some biological species, of cognition, emotion, and language. And yet philosophers and scientists have been slow to do so. This volume fills that gap. Information and Living Systems offers a collection of original chapters in which scientists and philosophers discuss the informational nature of biological organization at levels ranging from the genetic to the cognitive and linguistic. The chapters examine not only familiar information-related ideas intrinsic to the biological sciences but also broader information-theoretic perspectives used to interpret their significance. The contributors represent a range of disciplines, including anthropology, biology, chemistry, cognitive science, information theory, philosophy, psychology, and systems theory, thus demonstrating the deeply interdisciplinary nature of the volume's bioinformational theme.
Author: Luther Pfahler Eisenhart
Publisher: American Mathematical Soc.
ISBN: 0821810081
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 194
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Book Description
The use of the differential geometry of a Riemannian space in the mathematical formulation of physical theories led to important developments in the geometry of such spaces. The concept of parallelism of vectors, as introduced by Levi-Civita, gave rise to a theory of the affine properties of a Riemannian space. Covariant differentiation, as developed by Christoffel and Ricci, is a fundamental process in this theory. Various writers, notably Eddington, Einstein and Weyl, in their efforts to formulate a combined theory of gravitation and electromagnetism, proposed a simultaneous generalization o.
Author: Luciano Boi
Publisher: JHU Press
ISBN: 1421402475
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 233
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Book Description
A vacuum, classically understood, contains nothing. The quantum vacuum, on the other hand, is a seething cauldron of nothingness: particle pairs going in and out of existence continuously and rapidly while exerting influence over an enormous range of scales. Acclaimed mathematical physicist and natural philosopher Luciano Boi expounds the quantum vacuum, exploring the meaning of nothingness and its relationship with physical reality. Boi first provides a deep analysis of the interaction between geometry and physics at the quantum level. He next describes the relationship between the microscopic and macroscopic structures of the world. In so doing, Boi sheds light on the very nature of the universe, stressing in an original and profound way the relationship between quantum geometry and the internal symmetries underlying the behavior of matter and the interactions of forces. Beyond the physics and mathematics of the quantum vacuum, Boi offers a profoundly philosophical interpretation of the concept. Plato and Aristotle did not believe a vacuum was possible. How could nothing be something, they asked? Boi traces the evolution of the quantum vacuum from an abstract concept in ancient Greece to its fundamental role in quantum field theory and string theory in modern times. The quantum vacuum is a complex entity, one essential to understanding some of the most intriguing issues in twentieth-century physics, including cosmic singularity, dark matter and energy, and the existence of the Higgs boson particle. Boi explains with simple clarity the relevant theories and fundamental concepts of the quantum vacuum. Theoretical, mathematical, and particle physicists, as well as researchers and students of the history and philosophy of physics, will find The Quantum Vacuum to be a stimulating and engaging primer on the topic.
Author: Luciano Boi
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 1908977884
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 329
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Book Description
This volume focuses on the interactions between mathematics, physics, biology and neuroscience by exploring new geometrical and topological modelling in these fields. Among the highlights are the central roles played by multilevel and scale-change approaches in these disciplines.The integration of mathematics with physics, as well as molecular and cell biology and the neurosciences, will constitute the new frontier of 21st century science, where breakthroughs are more likely to span across traditional disciplines.
Author: Luciano Boi
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814479454
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 444
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Book Description
The collection of papers forming this volume is intended to provide a deeper study of some mathematical and physical subjects which are at the core of recent developments in the natural and living sciences. The book explores some far-reaching interfaces where mathematics, theoretical physics, and natural sciences seem to interact profoundly. The main goal is to show that an accomplished movement of geometrisation has enabled the discovery of a great variety of amazing structures and behaviors in physical reality and in living matter. The diverse group of expert mathematicians, physicists and natural scientists present numerous new results and original ideas, methods and techniques. Both academic and interdisciplinary, the book investigates a number of important connections between mathematics, theoretical physics and natural sciences including biology.
Author: Ulrich Flogel
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1315340933
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 426
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Book Description
Over the past decade, fluorine (19F) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has garnered significant scientific interest in the biomedical research community owing to the unique properties of fluorinated materials and the 19F nucleus. Fluorine has an intrinsically sensitive nucleus for MRI. There is negligible endogenous 19F in the body and thus there is no background signal. Fluorine-containing compounds are ideal tracer labels for a wide variety of MRI applications. Moreover, the chemical shift and nuclear relaxation rate can be made responsive to physiology via creative molecular design. This book is an interdisciplinary compendium that details cutting-edge science and medical research in the emerging field of 19F MRI. Edited by Ulrich Flögel and Eric Ahrens, two prominent MRI researchers, this book will appeal to investigators involved in MRI, biomedicine, immunology, pharmacology, probe chemistry, and imaging physics.
