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Author: Peter K. Levison
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000313549
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 239
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Book Description
This collection of original essays by members of the National Academy of Sciences’ Committee on Substance Abuse and Habitual Behavior offers innovative perspectives on self-control over the use of habituating substances and related types of behavior. The authors review the powerful social-psychological influences of normative rules and interpersonal circumstances in developing individual capacities for self-control in, for example, the use of heroin. They also look at experimental contingencies under which animals engage in self-harming behavior; the induction of exaggerated consumption behavior, such as massive fluid drinking by laboratory rats; and studies of environmental and genetic influences on neurophysiological sensitivity to and preference for alcohol in laboratory mouse strains. The concluding chapter presents an unorthodox perspective on ways of self-governing the consumption of cigarettes and other substances, recognizing the peculiarities of the processes of human choice. In his introduction, volume editor Peter Levison contrasts the diverse approaches reflected in the book with the common-sense notion of self-control.
Author: Peter K. Levison
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000313549
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 239
Get Book
Book Description
This collection of original essays by members of the National Academy of Sciences’ Committee on Substance Abuse and Habitual Behavior offers innovative perspectives on self-control over the use of habituating substances and related types of behavior. The authors review the powerful social-psychological influences of normative rules and interpersonal circumstances in developing individual capacities for self-control in, for example, the use of heroin. They also look at experimental contingencies under which animals engage in self-harming behavior; the induction of exaggerated consumption behavior, such as massive fluid drinking by laboratory rats; and studies of environmental and genetic influences on neurophysiological sensitivity to and preference for alcohol in laboratory mouse strains. The concluding chapter presents an unorthodox perspective on ways of self-governing the consumption of cigarettes and other substances, recognizing the peculiarities of the processes of human choice. In his introduction, volume editor Peter Levison contrasts the diverse approaches reflected in the book with the common-sense notion of self-control.
Author: Peter K. Levison
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780367289140
Category : Behavior modification
Languages : en
Pages : 178
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Book Description
This collection of original essays by members of the National Academy of Sciences' Committee on Substance Abuse and Habitual Behavior offers innovative perspectives on self-control over the use of habituating substances and related types of behavior. The authors review the powerful social-psychological influences of normative rules and interpersonal circumstances in developing individual capacities for self-control in, for example, the use of heroin. They also look at experimental contingencies under which animals engage in self-harming behavior; the induction of exaggerated consumption behavior, such as massive fluid drinking by laboratory rats; and studies of environmental and genetic influences on neurophysiological sensitivity to and preference for alcohol in laboratory mouse strains. The concluding chapter presents an unorthodox perspective on ways of self-governing the consumption of cigarettes and other substances, recognizing the peculiarities of the processes of human choice. In his introduction, volume editor Peter Levison contrasts the diverse approaches reflected in the book with the common-sense notion of self-control.
Author: Peter K. Levison
Publisher: Free Press
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 392
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Book Description
Abstract: Nine contributed papers comprise a review and assessment of the scientific basis for a commonalities approach to research on substance abuse and habitual behavior. The papers are grouped under 3 principal types of commonalities: sociocultural (sociologic perspective of drug abuse; a cultural approach to troublesome habitual behaviors); psychological (environmental control; a learning theory approach; the addictive personality); and biological (opiate drug receptors; endophins and addictiveness; brain-behavior associations with endogenous opiods; and genetic considerations). Abused substances (e.g., ethanol) and maladaptive behaviors are discussed from the perspectives of the different disciplines (e.g., psychology, toxicology). (wz).
Author: Howard Rachlin
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 0674042514
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 233
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Book Description
This book proposes a new science of self-control based on the principles of behavioral psychology and economics. Claiming that insight and self-knowledge are insufficient for controlling one's behavior, Howard Rachlin argues that the only way to achieve such control--and ultimately happiness--is through the development of harmonious patterns of behavior. Most personal problems with self-control arise because people have difficulty delaying immediate gratification for a better future reward. The alcoholic prefers to drink now. If she is feeling good, a drink will make her feel better. If she is feeling bad, a drink will make her feel better. The problem is that drinking will eventually make her feel worse. This sequence--the consistent choice of a highly valued particular act (such as having a drink or a smoke) that leads to a low-valued pattern of acts--is called "the primrose path." To avoid it, the author presents a strategy of "soft commitment," consisting of the development of valuable patterns of behavior that bridge over individual temptations. He also proposes, from economics, the concept of the substitutability of "positive addictions," such as social activity or exercise, for "negative addictions," such as drug abuse or overeating. Self-control may be seen as the interaction with one's own future self. Howard Rachlin shows that indeed the value of the whole--of one's whole life--is far greater than the sum of the values of its individual parts.
Author: Giovanni Dosi
Publisher: Oxford University Press on Demand
ISBN: 0199269424
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 440
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Book Description
'Understanding Industrial and Corporate Change' contains pioneering work on technological, organizational, and institutional change and explores three distinct themes: Markets and Organizations; Evolutionary Theory and Technological Change; and Strategy, Capabilities, and Knowledge Management.
Author: Giovanni Dosi
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1349133892
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 477
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Book Description
This book examines the role of competence, organization and strategies of firms in industrial dynamics linking economic, management and historical perspectives. In the first part of the book, a series of economic and managerial contributions discuss the concepts, dimensions and effects of routines, competence, adaptation, learning, organizational structure and strategies in the evolution of industrial enterprises at the theoretical and empirical levels. In the second part of the book, a series of historical papers examine these issues in a longterm perspective for the United States, Japan and several European countries.
Author: National Institute on Drug Abuse. Division of Research
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Conditioned response
Languages : en
Pages : 312
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Book Description
Author: Angela Browne Miller
Publisher: Praeger
ISBN: 0313353883
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Considering the many ways people seek emotional pleasure, relaxation or escape in self-harmful ways - from excessive alcohol use and drug abuse to smoking, overeating, compulsive gambling, out-of-control spending and even lesser behaviors like habitual nail-biting - there are few of us who do not have, or know someone close who has, an addiction or habit they wish they could break. The problem common to all, says author Browne-Miller, is that psychological reactions to events have motivated behaviors which, in turn, have created biochemical reactions in the brain that actually wires it for repeating the habit or addiction. In this groundbreaking book, Browne-Miller explains simply and clearly how we can control our thoughts to rewire the brain and beat the pattern that spurs repeating harmful habits, and addictions.
Author: David F O'Connell
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317823427
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 552
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Book Description
A valuable resource for addressing/promoting the spiritual awakening/development for patients based on a thoroughly researched system of meditation Nearly 40% of americans saw an alternative healthcare practitioner last year. Interest in Yoga—an aspect of ayurveda—is growing nationally and is starting to become part of more progressive treatment programs. Patients want more. Providers need to offer more. And choices need to be based on sciencetific research on complementary/alternative medicine, which is under-researched in the addictions treatment field right now. Their has been a flurry of interest in Trancendental Meditation (TM) the past few months, mostly due to very impressive research on lowering blood pressure—especially in African Americans. This groundbreaking, scientifically based book shows how TM can have profound health-promoting effects on addictions as well, according to recent research on profound brain changes caused by TM practice. Self-Recovery acquaints readers with the use of Transcendental Meditation program and Maharishi Ayur-Veda. This natural comprehensive approach to health care, as brought to light from the ancient Vedic tradition of India by Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, allows individuals to break negative habits that arise from an incomplete understanding of the relationship between mind, body, and environment. Self-Recovery shows how this ancient system of mind-body medicine, through its mental and physical procedures, can be used to treat addictive diseases effectively. The first book written on the application of the Transcendental Meditation (TM) program and Maharishi Ayur-Veda to addictions treatment, this volume is interdisciplinary in scope with original chapters by psychologists, physicians, physiologists, neurochemists, and other addictions professionals who offer an alternative paradigm to understanding and treating addictions. In contrast to conventional treatments, the TM program and Maharishi Ayur-Veda appear to provide a natural, comprehensive treatment approach that profoundly influences all levels of individual life that can impact on the addictive process. Not overly technical, Self-Recovery shares the pioneering experiences of clinicians using these holistic procedures as well as the striking findings of researchers who have integrated them into current chemical dependency treatments. For readers without prior introduction to this new approach, the TM program and Maharishi Ayur-Veda are briefly but thoroughly described. Readers looking for an effective mind-body treatment of addictions that is holistic in nature will find it in this book as it introduces them to this very ancient, but quite relevant, system of healing that can act in a complementary fashion with modern psychological and medical approaches to addictive disorders. Practitioners will find a description of Maharishi Ayur-Veda programs and learn about incorporating them into daily practice. Psychotherapists will learn how this unique program can affect the recovery process from addictive diseases. Through rich presentations of theory, research, and clinical case studies, Self-Recovery makes knowledge of Maharishi Ayur-Veda and the addictions come alive. The book is divided into four sections, the first of which contains an examination of the theoretical underpinnings and existing research on the TM program and its applications to addictions treatment. The second section features original research on the impact of TM on severe alcoholism and nicotine addiction. In section three, clinicians share case studies on the impact of the TM program on personal growth experienced during recovery from alcohol and other drug addictions. Section four presents theory and clinical application of the twenty approaches of Maharishi Ayur-Veda in chemical dependency treatment. A vital source of information on addictions treatment, this book is essential rea
Author: F. van Haaren
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483290247
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 692
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Book Description
Methods in Behavioral Pharmacology is unique in offering a complete description and critical evaluation of most, if not all, methods available to study the effects of drugs on behavior. It stands apart in that it is not limited to the analysis of a particular class of pharmacological agents in a limited number of paradigms. Methods in Behavioral Pharmacology covers all paradigms without reference to specific pharmacological compounds. The book provides a comprehensive overview of the methodology used to study the behavioral effects of legal and illegal drugs. It also provides an in-depth presentation of dependent variables, their quantification and a critical evaluation of their advantages and disadvantages. An excellent work, contributed to by well-known experts in the different fields of behavioral pharmacology.
