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Author: Teogenes Senna de Oliveira
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031003179
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 453
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Book Description
This book will address the major subsoil physical and chemical constraints and their implications to crop production; Plant growth is often restricted by adverse physical and chemical properties of subsoils yet these limitations are not revealed by testing surface soils and hence their significance in crop management is often overlooked. The major constraints can be physical or chemical. Physical limitations such as poor/nil subsoil structure, sandy subsoils that do not provide adequate water or gravelly subsoils and, etc. On the other hand, chemical constraints include acidity/alkalinity, high extractable Al or Mn, low nutrient availability, salts, boron toxicity and pyritic subsoils. Some of these constraints are inherent properties of the soil profile while others are induced by crop and soil management practices. This aim of this book is to define the constraints and discuss amelioration practices and benefits for crop production. This book will be of interest to readers involved with agriculture and soil sciences in laboratory, applied or classroom settings.
Author: Teogenes Senna de Oliveira
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031003179
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 453
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book will address the major subsoil physical and chemical constraints and their implications to crop production; Plant growth is often restricted by adverse physical and chemical properties of subsoils yet these limitations are not revealed by testing surface soils and hence their significance in crop management is often overlooked. The major constraints can be physical or chemical. Physical limitations such as poor/nil subsoil structure, sandy subsoils that do not provide adequate water or gravelly subsoils and, etc. On the other hand, chemical constraints include acidity/alkalinity, high extractable Al or Mn, low nutrient availability, salts, boron toxicity and pyritic subsoils. Some of these constraints are inherent properties of the soil profile while others are induced by crop and soil management practices. This aim of this book is to define the constraints and discuss amelioration practices and benefits for crop production. This book will be of interest to readers involved with agriculture and soil sciences in laboratory, applied or classroom settings.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780734502858
Category : Plant-soil relationships
Languages : en
Pages : 91
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Book Description
Author: Gary John Clark
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Clay soils
Languages : en
Pages : 179
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Book Description
This was attributed to less decomposition of the wheat stubble, in comparison to the lucerne, resulting in a higher content of soil carbon. A further field study investigated the residual effects, after 3 seasons of crop production, of subsoil amelioration, with organic amendments, on the shoot growth, soil water-use and grain yield. In addition, soil structural changes were assessed in relation to the spatial pattern of samples, either being directly beneath a canola plant or away from the plant. Improved shoot growth and up to a 30% increase in grain yield was found in the organic treatments. Macroaggregate stability was found to be highest in the organic treatments. Furthermore, the presence of canola plants also contributed to a positive increase in macroaggregates. In conclusion, this thesis has demonstrated that the addition of organic amendments, or root growth, can improve the structure of sodic clay subsoil. Primarily, this is achieved through the stimulation of the soil microbial activity.
Author: Yash Dang
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN: 152758707X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 611
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Book Description
Globally, over two thirds of soils are affected by physical, chemical, or biological soil constraints. These constraints cause significant yield loss, and, as such, identifying appropriate management strategies is crucial to ensure future world food production. In order to help agricultural researchers and practitioners better understand soil constraint management, this book comprehensively outlines the occurrence of the major soil constraints and the most appropriate strategies to manage these for sustainable food production. Importantly, it brings together experts from major agricultural regions globally to highlight approaches with the most success in different environmental and socioeconomic regions worldwide.
Author: Nanthi Bolan
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000879275
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 635
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Book Description
Identifying, interpreting, and managing soil constraints are major challenges, especially when multiple constraints occur in the same soil at various depth zones. Although amelioration tools and strategies are available to manage some of these constraints, field adoption of these technologies is a major challenge to the farming community. Soil Constraints and Productivity helps in identifying and understanding soil constraints, focusing on management practices to alleviate problems associated with these restrictions, and their impacts on crop productivity. Soil Constraints and Productivity aims to: Describe various strategies suitable for mitigating soil constraints Provide data on cost-benefit analysis of managing soil constraints Provide case studies of managing soil constraints to increase productivity Soil is essential for the doubling of major grain production proposed to be necessary to avoid major food security collapses in the future. This book will be a key resource for soil and environmental scientists, farmers, students majoring in agricultural and environmental sciences, and crop consultants.
Author: Yash Dang
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781527587069
Category : Soil management
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Globally, over two thirds of soils are affected by physical, chemical, or biological soil constraints. These constraints cause significant yield loss, and, as such, identifying appropriate management strategies is crucial to ensure future world food production. In order to help agricultural researchers and practitioners better understand soil constraint management, this book comprehensively outlines the occurrence of the major soil constraints and the most appropriate strategies to manage these for sustainable food production. Importantly, it brings together experts from major agricultural regions globally to highlight approaches with the most success in different environmental and socioeconomic regions worldwide.
Author: Bobby A. Stewart
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781566700207
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 260
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Book Description
The principles and practice of deep tillage techniques have often failed to provide long-term, sustainable improvements of the soil for crop production. The book reviews alternative approaches to overcoming subsoil problems. These approaches involve reduced disturbance of the soil, but still provide substantial and sustainable soil improvements. Chapters 1 through 4 discuss the use of minimum tillage, bed farming, mole drainage, and slotting to overcome adverse subsoil conditions. Chapter 5 examines the options available for management of subsoil acidity. The next chapter provides an understanding of the processes involved in stress transmission and compaction under farm trafficking. The last chapter explains the critical role of soil microorganisms in providing long-term biological stabilization and improvements of soil. This reference brings together the latest research information on these subsoil amelioration techniques.
Author:
Publisher: ICARDA
ISBN: 9291272469
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 808
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 532
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Book Description
Author: Seija Tuomi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Soil potassium (K) is of great agronomic importance to crop yield quality and quantity in Australia. A soil catena (toposequence) relates soil profiles at a functional scale, enabling interpretation of the landscape position effect on soil K, subsoil characteristics, soil horizon configurations and related patterns in soil chemical properties. The Fairview Farm soils have developed over a regionally extensive Siluro-Devonian felsic volcanic substrate. Linking soil parameters to hillslope processes at Fairview Farm likely mirrors processes operating at sites in a similar landscape setting and with similar agricultural land use. Naturally occurring K in soils comes from the weathering of rocks and the breakdown products of minerals in the long term (Sparks et.al, 1987), and in the short term it comes from the turnover of organic materials and further breakdown of soil particles. The nutrient capacity of K in the soil is determined by the total amount of exchangeable K present in the soil colloid and the energy at which it is delivered. This thermodynamic term is expressed as the relative activity ratio and exchange of K+ with Ca2+ and Mg2+. The K potential of a soil is a free energy measure of the amount of work plants need to do to acquire K from the soil and this is unique to each soil. Soil K potential in dryland agriculture can be measured by the isotherm technique. At Fairview Farm, situated between Binalong and Boorowa in New South Wales (NSW), the isotherms describe soil K behaviour on a catena with greater precision than measuring plant-available K. For this area, publicly available soil data mostly describe the upper 10 cm of analysed profiles, but typical crop rooting depth is much deeper (40-150cm). Agricultural soil testing is vital for farmers but has traditionally been expensive with a lag in data provision, meaning soil information is not readily available for 'just-in-time' monitoring. Use of the isotherm technique to evaluate K behaviour is a relatively inexpensive and timely approach that may address this issue and provide a level of detail otherwise not available. This research improves our understanding of K behaviour in an agricultural setting, using proximal sensing (Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transformed (DRIFT) Vis-NIR spectroscopy) to measures secondary K-bearing clay minerals to illustrate the effect that secondary minerals have on soil K potential and Fe oxides to reflect on the soil structure. The K-bearing minerals are a source of K and they are associated with storage/release of K. Also, spectroscopy is used to map total K distribution in the soil. This new method is compared with the traditional method for mineral analysis, x-ray diffraction (XRF). Isotherms reveal that Fairview Farm soil preferentially adsorbs K from the soil solution, which is possible in heavy clay soils when K bearing secondary clay minerals are present. The exchange sites on K-bearing minerals must be filled before K accumulates in the soil solution, thus becoming plant available. All the landscape positions show preferential adsorption to some extent, but it decreases from the top of the hill to the bottom of the hill. Although this site has a small amount of plant-available K and only clusters of poorly crystalline K bearing secondary minerals, plants find it easy to extract K from the soil. The Crest plant available K is always at luxury levels, whereas the Mid-slope and Lower slope have decreasing amounts until the energy required to extract the plant available K becomes too much. i.e., K potential decreases too low. In this way, plant available K becomes a subsoil constraint, which is reflected in the uneven crop growth in the paddock.The soil overall is illite/kaolinite dominated, but geochemistry tells us that the formation of the secondary minerals is not dependent on the geology but rather it depends on what is in the soil solution. The top 80 cm of the soil has not evolved from the same geological origin as the soil below. Interstratification of illite with smectite makes it difficult to identify these two minerals as they are poorly crystallised. Farmers and their advisors should consider the mineralogy before deciding on how and when to apply K rich fertilizer.
