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Author: Andreas Holzenburg
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0306476509
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 528
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Book Description
Structure-Function Relationships of Human Pathogenic Viruses provides information on the mechanisms by which viruses enter the cell, replicate, package their DNA into capsids and mature into new virions. The relation between structural features and the pathogenicity and oncogenicity of some of the most relevant human viral pathogens are demonstrated and the acquisition of defense mechanisms through virus-host interactions are presented. In contrast to textbooks, this volume combines timely research data to provide a holistic view of viral pathogenesis. Furthermore Structure-Function Relationships of Human Pathogenic Viruses illustrates in a single volume the fundamental processes involved in viral life cycles using up-to-date information from research laboratories around the world. Knowledge of these processes is crucial to develop rationales for the design of future drugs. The timeliness of the data and the comprehensive yet concise approach this book takes in order to present the world of viral pathogens should make it a frontrunner in higher education and R&D.
Author: Andreas Holzenburg
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0306476509
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 528
Get Book Here
Book Description
Structure-Function Relationships of Human Pathogenic Viruses provides information on the mechanisms by which viruses enter the cell, replicate, package their DNA into capsids and mature into new virions. The relation between structural features and the pathogenicity and oncogenicity of some of the most relevant human viral pathogens are demonstrated and the acquisition of defense mechanisms through virus-host interactions are presented. In contrast to textbooks, this volume combines timely research data to provide a holistic view of viral pathogenesis. Furthermore Structure-Function Relationships of Human Pathogenic Viruses illustrates in a single volume the fundamental processes involved in viral life cycles using up-to-date information from research laboratories around the world. Knowledge of these processes is crucial to develop rationales for the design of future drugs. The timeliness of the data and the comprehensive yet concise approach this book takes in order to present the world of viral pathogens should make it a frontrunner in higher education and R&D.
Author: Mauricio G. Mateu
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400765525
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 734
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Book Description
This book contemplates the structure, dynamics and physics of virus particles: From the moment they come into existence by self-assembly from viral components produced in the infected cell, through their extracellular stage, until they recognise and infect a new host cell and cease to exist by losing their physical integrity to start a new infectious cycle. (Bio)physical techniques used to study the structure of virus particles and components, and some applications of structure-based studies of viruses are also contemplated. This book is aimed first at M.Sc. students, Ph.D. students and postdoctoral researchers with a university degree in biology, chemistry, physics or related scientific disciplines who share an interest or are actually working on viruses. We have aimed also at providing an updated account of many important concepts, techniques, studies and applications in structural and physical virology for established scientists working on viruses, irrespective of their physical, chemical or biological background and their field of expertise. We have not attempted to provide a collection of for-experts-only reviews focused mainly on the latest research in specific topics; we have not generally assumed that the reader knows all of the jargon and all but the most recent and advanced results in each topic dealt with in this book. In short, we have attempted to write a book basic enough to be useful to M.Sc and Ph.D. students, as well as advanced and current enough to be useful to senior scientists with an interest in Structural and/or Physical Virology.
Author: Devin Scott Quinlan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 161
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Book Description
Understanding structure-function relationships involved in development of disease is a critical component for the rational design of successful therapeutics, allowing researchers to target precise molecular mechanisms and to anticipate and address future challenges early in development. However, for many diseases and contexts, these precise relationships are unknown or poorly defined. In this thesis, I develop new tools and implement integrated approaches to explore structure-function relationships of disease in two biological contexts: i) the interactions of proteins with glycans that can modify disease susceptibility, and ii) the interactions of viral coat proteins with antibodies that neutralize and prevent viral infection. Section 1: Glycosylation, which is the addition of sugar moieties to proteins and peptides, is one of the most abundant post-translational modifications, modifying a diverse set of biological processes in both health and disease. However, the glycome, or ensemble of glycan structures produced by a cell, is difficult to study, given the low-affinity, high-avidity structural interactions of glycans with host proteins and their non-template-driven biosynthesis. In this section, I investigate how changes in glycomic composition affect disease, and develop and implement tools and approaches that address the aforementioned challenges. In the first part, I leverage a novel in vitro model of lung adenocarcinoma metastasis to study the changes in cell surface glycosylation that correspond with and may influence metastatic progression. Here, I implement and integrate tools, such as glycan biosynthesis gene expression analysis, glycan mass spectrometry analysis frameworks, and lectin binding arrays, to measure the changes in the glycome, identifying several key motifs and glycomic features of metastatic cells. In the second part, I leverage protein-glycan structural insights to understand and predict the susceptibility of a novel seal influenza virus, H3N8, to infect human populations. Here, we used a glycan array, an assay which measures a diversity of glycan binding motifs with biologically relevant avidity and presentation, to demonstrate that unlike human-adapted H3N2, H3N8 lacks the affinity for long a2,6-linked sialylated glycans, which have been shown to determine host specificity and tropism for humans. This result was compared to other experiments, including tissue staining and in vitro replication, to determine that this seal H3N8 virus is unlikely to infect and spread within human populations. These insights further our understanding of how complex ensembles of glycans can influence susceptibility to disease. Section 2: The neutralization of emergent viral pathogens, including Ebola and Zika viruses, by therapeutic antibodies offers the potential to prevent viral infection and to treat patients even after they have been infected. However, given the real-time nature of viral outbreaks, strategies are needed which reduce the development cycle by allowing rational design and selection of potent neutralizing antibodies with minimal susceptibility to antigen escape. Here, I develop a structural, network-based computational and experimental framework which uses information about the viral coat protein and antibodies to identify key features of epitope-paratope interactions. In the context of Ebola virus, I use this analytical framework to identify two novel epitopes on the surface of the trimeric coat glycoprotein which are highly constrained, such that antibodies targeting these regions are likely to be resistant to antigen escape. Furthermore, I use this framework to uncover key differentiators of the overlapping therapeutic antibodies 2G4, 4G7, and KZ52, and describe how these differences may affect their relative susceptibility to epitope escape mutations. In the context of Zika virus, I further develop and expand this analytical framework using a computational Zika E glycoprotein assembly, and use it to understand neutralizing epitopes on the Zika virus surface in the context of their quaternary structure. In doing so, I identify critical interface residues for the 3E31, ZV67, C8, C10, Z23 and Z3L1 antibodies, and use these insights to generate C867, a novel asymmetric IgG bispecific antibody against Zika virus. This antibody has high bispecific purity, maintains in vitro potency, and given its non-overlapping epitopes, has a higher requirement for antigen escape. Taken together, the tools, frameworks, and developments presented here are important additions to the preclinical antibody development toolkit, and enable rational design and faster response to emergent viral pathogens.
Author: Bruce Alberts
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780815332183
Category : Cytology
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0080493777
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 610
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Book Description
Virus Structure covers the full spectrum of modern structural virology. Its goal is to describe the means for defining moderate to high resolution structures and the basic principles that have emerged from these studies. Among the topics covered are Hybrid Vigor, Structural Folds of Viral Proteins, Virus Particle Dynamics, Viral Gemone Organization, Enveloped Viruses and Large Viruses. Covers viral assembly using heterologous expression systems and cell extracts Discusses molecular mechanisms in bacteriophage T7 procapsid assembly, maturation and DNA containment Includes information on structural studies on antibody/virus complexes
Author: Günther Witzany
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 940074899X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 432
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Book Description
A renaissance of virus research is taking centre stage in biology. Empirical data from the last decade indicate the important roles of viruses, both in the evolution of all life and as symbionts of host organisms. There is increasing evidence that all cellular life is colonized by exogenous and/or endogenous viruses in a non-lytic but persistent lifestyle. Viruses and viral parts form the most numerous genetic matter on this planet.
Author: Bryan Cullen
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 9780199633821
Category : Gene Expression Regulation.
Languages : en
Pages : 220
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Book Description
The first book to specifically cover the molecular biology of retroviruses - of immense importance since the high profile of HIV. International contributors provide detailed reviews of the latest knowledge. An excellent text for both medical and non-medical researchers, it also serves as an illuminating introduction for scientists active in other areas.
Author: Alan Cann
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 9780120887897
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 340
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Book Description
"Principles of Molecular Virology, Fourth Edition" provides an essential introduction to modern virology in a clear and concise manner. It is a highly enjoyable and readable text with numerous illustrations that enhance the reader's understanding of important principles. It contains new material on virus structure, virus evolution, zoonoses, bushmeat, SARS and bioterrorism. The standard version includes a CD-ROM with Flash animations, virtual interactive tutorials and experiments, self-assessment questions, useful online resources, along with the glossary, classification of subcellular infectious agents and history of virology.
Author: Mavis Agbandje-McKenna
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 184973223X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 389
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Book Description
Over the last ten years, much effort has been devoted to improving the biophysical techniques used in the study of viruses. This has resulted in the visualization of these large macromolecular assemblages at atomic level, thus providing the platform for functional interpretation and therapeutic design. Structural Virology covers a wide range of topics and is split into three sections. The first discusses the vast biophysical methodologies used in structural virology, including sample production and purification, confocal microscopy, mass spectrometry, negative-stain and cryo-electron microscopy, X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The second discusses the role of virus capsid protein structures in determining the functional roles required for receptor recognition, cellular entry, capsid assembly, genome packaging and mechanisms of host immune system evasion. The last section discusses therapeutic strategies based on virus protein structures, including the design of antiviral drugs and the development of viral capsids as vehicles for foreign gene delivery. Each topic covered will begin with a review of the current literature followed by a more detailed discussion of experimental procedures, a step in the viral life cycle, or strategies for therapeutic development. With contributions from experts in the field of structural biology and virology this exceptional monograph will appeal to biomedical scientists involved in basic and /or applied research on viruses. It also provides up-to-date reference material for students entering the field of structural virology as well as scientists already familiar with the area.
Author: Thomas E. Shenk
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540773495
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 477
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Book Description
This volume has gathered some of the experts in the field to review aspects of our understanding of CMV and to offer perspectives of the current problems associated with CMV. The editors and authors hope that the chapters will lead to a better understanding of the virus that will assist in the development of new and unique antivirals, a protective vaccine, and a full understanding of CMV's involvement in human disease.
