Structure and Function of Escherichia Coli Valine Transfer RNA in Aminoacylation and Ternary Complex Formation PDF Download
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Author: Jack Chia-Hsiang Liu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
The relationship of E. coli tRNA[superscript Val] structure to its function in the aminoacylation reaction and the later steps of polypeptide synthesis was investigated. Steady-state kinetic studies of the aminoacylation of in vitro transcribed tRNA[superscript Val] variants have shown that nucleotides, A35, C36, A73, and G20, are important for the specific recognition of E. coli tRNA[superscript Val] by valyl-tRNA synthetase (ValRS). Identity swap experiments, testing the efficiency of this "recognition nucleotide set" in converting yeast tRNA[superscript Phe] and E. coli tRNA[superscript Phe] into valine into valine acceptors, confirm the importance of the recognition nucleotide set. In addition, a minor recognition nucleotide, G45, was also identified. Furthermore, our results indicate that VALRS requires an undistorted A-form helix in the acceptor stem for efficient aminoacylation of a TRNA substrate. In a study of the universally conserved 3'-CCA sequence of tRNA[superscript Val], our laboratory has shown that the 3'-CCA is not essential for all functions.
Author: Jack Chia-Hsiang Liu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
The relationship of E. coli tRNA[superscript Val] structure to its function in the aminoacylation reaction and the later steps of polypeptide synthesis was investigated. Steady-state kinetic studies of the aminoacylation of in vitro transcribed tRNA[superscript Val] variants have shown that nucleotides, A35, C36, A73, and G20, are important for the specific recognition of E. coli tRNA[superscript Val] by valyl-tRNA synthetase (ValRS). Identity swap experiments, testing the efficiency of this "recognition nucleotide set" in converting yeast tRNA[superscript Phe] and E. coli tRNA[superscript Phe] into valine into valine acceptors, confirm the importance of the recognition nucleotide set. In addition, a minor recognition nucleotide, G45, was also identified. Furthermore, our results indicate that VALRS requires an undistorted A-form helix in the acceptor stem for efficient aminoacylation of a TRNA substrate. In a study of the universally conserved 3'-CCA sequence of tRNA[superscript Val], our laboratory has shown that the 3'-CCA is not essential for all functions.
Author: Engin Bermek
Publisher: Springer
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
Author: E. Bermek
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 364269912X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 226
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Book Description
This volume contains the papers presented at the international symposium on "Molecular Mechanisms in Protein Synthesis" held on September 26-27, 1983 at the Beyaz Ko§k in Emirgan, Bosphorus, Istanbul. The symposium aimed to create a medium for information exchange and discussions regarding the current developments in the area of protein syn thesis. To ensure an informal yet scientifically stimulating and productive atmosphere providing opportunity for relaxed and speculative discussions, the number of presentations was limited to twenty and that of attendants to about sixty. The emphasis in the symposium was laid on structure-function relations in the prokaryotic protein synthesizing systems and on the control mechanisms of eukaryotic protein synthesis, in particular, during chain initia tion. Other issues like evolutionary aspects of protein synthesis, translational components genes and proofreading were covered as well. The manuscripts represent the extended accounts of the oral presenta tions, and it has been aimed with the concluding remarks at the end of the volume to give a summarizing view of the presentations and the discussions.
Author: Mingsong Liu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 324
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128202610
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 440
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Book Description
Biology of Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases, Volume 48 in The Enzymes series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on A narrative about our work on the endless frontier of editing, The puzzling evolution of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, Structural basis of the tRNA recognition by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, Catalytic strategies of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, Trans-editing by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase-like editing domains, Adaptive and maladaptive mistranslation arising from aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, Non-canonical inputs and outputs of tRNA aminoacylation, Structure and function of multi-tRNA synthetase complexes, Mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, Non-canonical functions of human cytoplasmic tyrosyl-, tryptophanyl- and other aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, and much more. - Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors - Presents the latest release in The Enzymes series
Author: Michael Ibba
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781587061899
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
By virtue of their role as catalysts of the aminoacylation reaction, the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases ensure that the first step of translation is performed quickly and accurately. In this volume of 36 separate chapters, the many facets of this ancient and ubiquitous family are reviewed, including their surprising structural diversity, enzymology, tRNA interaction properties, and curious alternative functions. These chapters illustrate the degree to which the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases employ a variety of mechanisms to carry out both the standard functions related to the synthesis of aminoacylated tRNA for protein synthesis, as well as the surprising functions associated with amino acid biosynthesis, cytokine function, and even the processivity of DNA replication. Other chapters explore the regulation of their synthesis, their role in disease, and their prospects as targets for antibacterial therapeutics. This monograph will be a valuable resource for all scientists interested in the fundamentals of protein synthesis from both a basic research and clinical perspective, as well as the relation of translational components to the evolution of the genetic code.
Author: Biman Bagchi
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107037298
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 383
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Book Description
A unified overview of the dynamical properties of water and its unique and diverse role in biological and chemical processes.
Author: Dieter Söll
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781555818333
Category : Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases
Languages : en
Pages : 572
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080921639
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 334
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Book Description
By combining the tools of organic chemistry with those of physical biochemistry and cell biology, Non-Natural Amino Acids aims to provide fundamental insights into how proteins work within the context of complex biological systems of biomedical interest. The critically acclaimed laboratory standard for 40 years, Methods in Enzymology is one of the most highly respected publications in the field of biochemistry. Since 1955, each volume has been eagerly awaited, frequently consulted, and praised by researchers and reviewers alike. With more than 400 volumes published, each Methods in Enzymology volume presents material that is relevant in today's labs -- truly an essential publication for researchers in all fields of life sciences. - Demonstrates how the tools and principles of chemistry combined with the molecules and processes of living cells can be combined to create molecules with new properties and functions found neither in nature nor in the test tube - Presents new insights into the molecular mechanisms of complex biological and chemical systems that can be gained by studying the structure and function of non-natural molecules - Provides a "one-stop shop" for tried and tested essential techniques, eliminating the need to wade through untested or unreliable methods
Author: Shōzō Ōsawa
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
The genetic code was deciphered experimentally around 1966 and for a number of years scientists considered it to be "universal" for all forms of life. In 1981 researchers shocked the scientific community with the discovery that the code differed in mitochondria and certain other organisms, evidence that the genetic code was still evolving. This book discusses the distribution and origin of the non-universal codes and examines the possible mechanisms of code changes, making it essential reading for all those interested in evolutionary genetics.
