Structural Adjustment and Intersectoral Shifts in Tanzania PDF Download
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Author: Peter Wobst
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN: 0896291200
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 219
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Book Description
Examines structural adjustment and stabilization policies in Tanzania from the mid-1980s to the late 1990s. Formulates a model to analyse the effects of these policies on overall economic growth, sectoral performance, welfare and income distribution. Highlights the policy bias against agriculture, exchange rate devaluation and the behaviour of commodity markets. Includes a review of the transition to a free market economy since independence in 1961.
Author: Peter Wobst
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN: 0896291200
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 219
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Book Description
Examines structural adjustment and stabilization policies in Tanzania from the mid-1980s to the late 1990s. Formulates a model to analyse the effects of these policies on overall economic growth, sectoral performance, welfare and income distribution. Highlights the policy bias against agriculture, exchange rate devaluation and the behaviour of commodity markets. Includes a review of the transition to a free market economy since independence in 1961.
Author: Benson, Todd
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
To guide economy-wide modeling efforts to identify specific public investments under Tanzania’s second Agricultural Sector Development Programme (ASDP II), this report provides an analysis of the performance of the rural economy of mainland Tanzania over the period 2008 through 2015, with a focus on the agriculture sector. More broadly, we seek to assess the nature and extent of any structural transformation in the rural economy by understanding trends in various components of it. The insights gained will then be used in the economy-wide modeling work to propose portfolios of public investments to foster both agricultural development in the short term—in alignment with the ASDP-II—and, in the longer-term, a sectoral transformation of the rural economy in which far fewer households rely solely on agriculture for their livelihoods.
Author: Lyla Mehta
Publisher: African Books Collective
ISBN: 177922320X
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 379
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Book Description
For the past two decades, Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) has been the dominant paradigm in water resources. This book explores how ideas of IWRM are being translated and adapted in Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda and Zimbabwe. Grounded in social science theory and research, it highlights the importance of politics, history and culture in shaping water management practices and reform, and demonstrates how Africa has clearly been a laboratory for IWRM. While a new cadre of professionals made IWRM their mission, we show that poor women and men may not have always benefitted. In some cases IWRM has also offered a distraction from more critical issues such as water and land grabs, privatisation, the negative impacts of water permits, and a range of institutional ambiguities that prevent water allocations to small and poor water users. By critically examining the interpretations and challenges of IWRM, the book contributes to improving water policies and practices and making them more locally appropriate in Africa and beyond.
Author: Alan Carling
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN: 0857712977
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Book Description
Globalization is often perceived in rather simplistic terms: as a single universal process leading ultimately to global equality and global democracy. The contributors to "Globalisation and Identity" take a different view. Drawing on their expertise across a variety of disciplines they argue that globalisation is far more complex, a fact reflected in a range of key problems - centred on issues of equality and identity - now facing peoples and governments around the world. How can one successfully integrate immigrant populations within the structures of state and civil society? Is national identity compatible with cultural diversity? What are the contradictions posed in the contemporary world by the movement of populations? How does one integrate state structures and national societies themselves within an emergent international political order and a global civil society? Questions of globalisation and identity are of vital importance to aims of global harmony and global equality and this timely work provides a rich and integrated exploration of many of the key issues.
Author: Lisa C. Smith
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN: 0896291502
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 134
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Book Description
In addressing the pervasive problem of hunger in the developing world, reliable information on food insecurity is essential for effectively targeting assistance, developing interventions, and evaluating progress. Yet arriving at an accurate and comparable measure of food insecurity remains a challenge. This report introduces new estimates of food insecurity based on food acquisition data collected as part of national household expenditure surveys (HESs). The report explores the extent and location of food insecurity, the scientific merit of estimates derived from HES food data, the differences between HES-based estimates and those reported by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), and-ultimately-how HES data can be used to improve the accuracy of the FAO estimates currently used to monitor progress toward reducing hunger
Author: Romeo M. Bautista
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN: 0896291332
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 156
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Book Description
This report investigates the income and equity effects of macroeconomic policy reforms in Zimbabwe, emphasizing linkages between macroeconomic policies and agricultural performance and agriculture's influence on aggregate income and its distribution. Analyses focus on reform of the foreign trade regime, public expenditure, and tax policy, along with the potential benefits of combining these structural changes with various land reform scenarios. The study uses a CGE model that provides a policy simulation laboratory in which exogenous policy changes are analyzed for their economywide income and equity effects.The report highlights the need for policy complementarities in Zimbabwe that can contribute to equitable growth. It should be of interest not only to those concerned with recent economic developments in Zimbabwe but also to those concerned with the broader issues of macroeconomic reform and its ultimate effects.
Author: Youguo Zhang
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9811202923
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 441
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Book Description
This book discusses several important issues in the practice of China's green development. It analyzes the carbon mitigation, water conservation and environmental pollution from the perspectives of economic development, technological change, production and demand. The book uses various quantitative methods to reveal the pathways of China's green development. The methods include Log Mean Divisia Index, input-output analysis, structural decomposition analysis, data envelope analysis, econometric methods and computable general equilibrium model. The findings, discussions and policy implications of this book contribute to the theory and policy studies in China's green development.
Author: Fan, Shenggen
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN: 080188859X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 270
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Book Description
Public Expenditures, Growth, and Poverty assesses the efficacy of poverty reduction programs in Latin America, Africa, and Asia by synthesizing studies conducted by the International Food Policy Research Institute over the past ten years. Overall, the studies find that investments in agricultural research, infrastructure, and human capital are beneficial in the long term, while food aid and poverty reduction programs have little utility beyond immediately abating hunger and generating short-run income effects. The book develops a conceptual framework for analyzing public expenditures and their short- and long-run impact on poverty through various channels. It surveys spending trends and analyzes the effect of growing public investment on urban and rural poverty through case studies of India, China, Thailand, and Uganda. And it highlights the advantages of directing spending toward public works programs that engage impoverished peoples rather than using the limited aid money on food subsidies and other passive donations. Featuring discussions about the roles of various social safety net programs and a chapter devoted solely to the vexing poverty in sub-Saharan Africa, Public Expenditures, Growth, and Poverty will aid policy makers and encourage further, more analytic study of worldwide poverty reduction programs.
Author: Bruno Barbier
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN: 0896291251
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 81
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Book Description
Farmers who live in fragile tropical hillsides often operate under severe resource constraints and face difficult tradeoffs when confronted with changes in production conditions. Using a bioeconomic linear programming model, this study simulates the effects of population, market, and technological changes on farmers' income and on their management of the natural resource in a hillside area of Central Honduras. The results show that economic growth and agricultural intensification are not necessarily adverse for fragile environments. In fact, farmer incomes would be much lower and degradation much higher if intensive agriculture had not been adopted. Such a result, however, must be framed within a complex set of conditioning factors, among which agroecology plays a fundamental role. Although the economic advantages of horticultural production are clear in the area studied, this strategy is not suited for all contexts. This report offers a series of policy recommendations that implicitly recognize such limitations, thereby helping to direct resources where they will have their greatest impact.
Author: Eleni Zaude Gabre-Madhin
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN: 089629126X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 116
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Book Description
This report addresses the overarching question regarding the role of institutions in enhancing market development following market reforms. It uses the New Institutional Economics framework to empirically analyze the role of a specific market institution, that of brokers acting as intermediaries to match traders in the Ethiopian grain market in reducing the transaction costs of search faced by traders. Brokers play a key role in facilitating exchange in a weak marketing environment where limited public market information, the lack of grain standardization, oral contracts, and weak legal enforcement of contracts increase the risk of contract failure. Relying on primary data, it analyzes traders' microeconomic behavior, social capital, the nature and extent of their transaction costs, and the norms and rules governing the relationship between brokers and traders.The study uses an innovative approach to quantify the costs of search and demonstrates that the brokerage institution is economically efficient both for individual traders and for global economic welfare.
