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Author: Renata J. Romanowicz
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319188542
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 198
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Book Description
This book presents the novel formulation and development of a Stochastic Flood Forecasting System, using the Middle River Vistula basin in Poland as a case study. The system has a modular structure, including models describing the rainfall-runoff and snow-melt processes for tributary catchments and the transformation of a flood wave within the reach. The sensitivity and uncertainty analysis of the elements of the study system are performed at both the calibration and verification stages. The spatial and temporal variability of catchment land use and river flow regime based on analytical studies and measurements is presented. A lumped parameter approximation to the distributed modelling of river flow is developed for the purpose of flow forecasting. Control System based emulators (Hammerstein-Wiener models) are applied to on-line data assimilation. Medium-range probabilistic weather forecasts (ECMWF) and on-line observations of temperature, precipitation and water levels are used to prolong the forecast lead time. The potential end-users will also benefit from a description of social vulnerability to natural hazards in the study area.
Author: Renata J. Romanowicz
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319188542
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 198
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Book Description
This book presents the novel formulation and development of a Stochastic Flood Forecasting System, using the Middle River Vistula basin in Poland as a case study. The system has a modular structure, including models describing the rainfall-runoff and snow-melt processes for tributary catchments and the transformation of a flood wave within the reach. The sensitivity and uncertainty analysis of the elements of the study system are performed at both the calibration and verification stages. The spatial and temporal variability of catchment land use and river flow regime based on analytical studies and measurements is presented. A lumped parameter approximation to the distributed modelling of river flow is developed for the purpose of flow forecasting. Control System based emulators (Hammerstein-Wiener models) are applied to on-line data assimilation. Medium-range probabilistic weather forecasts (ECMWF) and on-line observations of temperature, precipitation and water levels are used to prolong the forecast lead time. The potential end-users will also benefit from a description of social vulnerability to natural hazards in the study area.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Flood forecasting
Languages : en
Pages : 254
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Book Description
Author: J.B. Marco
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401116970
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 470
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Book Description
Stochastic hydrology is an essential base of water resources systems analysis, due to the inherent randomness of the input, and consequently of the results. These results have to be incorporated in a decision-making process regarding the planning and management of water systems. It is through this application that stochastic hydrology finds its true meaning, otherwise it becomes merely an academic exercise. A set of well known specialists from both stochastic hydrology and water resources systems present a synthesis of the actual knowledge currently used in real-world planning and management. The book is intended for both practitioners and researchers who are willing to apply advanced approaches for incorporating hydrological randomness and uncertainty into the simulation and optimization of water resources systems. (abstract) Stochastic hydrology is a basic tool for water resources systems analysis, due to inherent randomness of the hydrologic cycle. This book contains actual techniques in use for water resources planning and management, incorporating randomness into the decision making process. Optimization and simulation, the classical systems-analysis technologies, are revisited under up-to-date statistical hydrology findings backed by real world applications.
Author: Hossein Tabari
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039216643
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 294
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Book Description
Hydrological extremes have become a major concern because of their devastating consequences and their increased risk as a result of climate change and the growing concentration of people and infrastructure in high-risk zones. The analysis of hydrological extremes is challenging due to their rarity and small sample size, and the interconnections between different types of extremes and becomes further complicated by the untrustworthy representation of meso-scale processes involved in extreme events by coarse spatial and temporal scale models as well as biased or missing observations due to technical difficulties during extreme conditions. The complexity of analyzing hydrological extremes calls for robust statistical methods for the treatment of such events. This Special Issue is motivated by the need to apply and develop innovative stochastic and statistical approaches to analyze hydrological extremes under current and future climate conditions. The papers of this Special Issue focus on six topics associated with hydrological extremes: Historical changes in hydrological extremes; Projected changes in hydrological extremes; Downscaling of hydrological extremes; Early warning and forecasting systems for drought and flood; Interconnections of hydrological extremes; Applicability of satellite data for hydrological studies.
Author: Keith W. Hipel
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401730830
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 469
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Book Description
International experts from around the globe present a rich variety of intriguing developments in time series analysis in hydrology and environmental engineering. Climatic change is of great concern to everyone and significant contributions to this challenging research topic are put forward by internationally renowned authors. A range of interesting applications in hydrological forecasting are given for case studies in reservoir operation in North America, Asia and South America. Additionally, progress in entropy research is described and entropy concepts are applied to various water resource systems problems. Neural networks are employed for forecasting runoff and water demand. Moreover, graphical, nonparametric and parametric trend analyses methods are compared and applied to water quality time series. Other topics covered in this landmark volume include spatial analyses, spectral analyses and different methods for stream-flow modelling. Audience The book constitutes an invaluable resource for researchers, teachers, students and practitioners who wish to be at the forefront of time series analysis in the environmental sciences.
Author: Shreeda Maskey
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0203026829
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 184
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Book Description
Like all natural hazards, flooding is a complex and inherently uncertain phenomenon. Despite advances in developing flood forecasting models and techniques, the uncertainty in forecasts remains unavoidable. This uncertainty needs to be acknowledged, and uncertainty estimation in flood forecasting provides a rational basis for risk-based criteria. This book presents the development and applications of various methods based on probablity and fuzzy set theories for modelling uncertainty in flood forecasting systems. In particular, it presents a methodology for uncertainty assessment using disaggregation of time series inputs in the framework of both the Monte Carlo method and the Fuzzy Extention Principle. It reports an improvement in the First Order Second Moment method, using second degree reconstruction, and derives qualitative scales for the interpretation of qualitative uncertainty. Application is to flood forecasting models for the Klodzko catchment in POland and the Loire River in France. Prospects for the hybrid techniques of uncertainty modelling and probability-possibility transformations are also explored and reported.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hydrology
Languages : en
Pages : 962
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Book Description
Author: Eric W. Harmsen
Publisher: Innovations in Agricultural &
ISBN: 9781771884570
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
About 7,000 people lose their lives and nearly 100 million people are adversely affected by floods each year worldwide. Severe flooding also costs billions of dollars each year in damage and economic losses. This new volume focuses on two detailed studies that employ physically based hydrologic models to predict flooding in the particularly challenging environment of small watersheds with mountainous terrain and high intensity/high variability rainfall. The first study, by Dr. Alejandra Rojas Gonzalez, discusses flood prediction limitations in small watersheds with mountainous terrain and high rainfall variability. The hypothesis of the study is that it is possible to perform a small-scale, affordable model calibration, and then scale-up the parameters to a larger basin-scale model. The study specifically addresses the following scientific questions: How is flow prediction affected by the spatial variability of point rainfall at scales below that of the typical resolution of radar-based products? How does parameter and hydrological model resolution affect the model's predictive capabilities and the errors of the hydrologic model? Would the assumptions developed for the small scale enhance the hydrologic predictability at larger scales? The second study, by Dr. Luz E. Torres Molina, describes the development of a stochastic model to forecast short-term rainfall for a tropical basin. The high-resolution rainfall data (≈ 100-m) was derived using the TropiNet radar system at the University of Puerto Rico-Mayaguez Campus, representing possibly the only study of its kind in a tropical environment. The predicted short-term rainfall data was input into a hydrologic model, and flood inundation levels were estimated at selected locations within the basin. Results of the rainfall and hydrologic forecasts are compared with observed data. The study also provides a prototype for a flood forecast alarm system. Book jacket.
Author: Karl-Erich Lindenschmidt
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030286797
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 267
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Book Description
This book exposes practitioners and students to the theory and application of river and lake ice processes to gain a better understanding of these processes for modelling and forecasting. It focuses on the following processes of the surface water ice: freeze-up, ice cover thickening, ice cover breakup and ice jamming. The reader will receive a fundamental understanding of the physical processes of each component and how they are applied in monitoring and modelling ice covers during the winter season and forecasting ice floods. Exercises accompany each component to reinforce the theoretical principles learned. These exercises will also expose the reader to different tools to process data, such a space-borne remote sensing imagery for ice cover classification. A thread supporting numerical modelling of river ice and lake ice processes runs through the book.
Author: Keith Beven
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 1783263121
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 684
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Book Description
This volume provides an introduction for flood risk management practitioners, up-to-date methods for analysis of uncertainty and its use in risk-based decision making. It addresses decision making for both short-term (real-time forecasting) and long-term (flood risk planning under change) situations. It aims primarily at technical practitioners involved in flood risk analysis and flood warning, including hydrologists, engineers, flood modelers, risk analysts and those involved in the design and operation of flood warning systems. Many experienced practitioners are now expected to modify their way of working to fit into the new philosophy of flood risk management. This volume helps them to undertake that task with appropriate attention to the surrounding uncertainties. The book will also interest and benefit researchers and graduate students hoping to improve their knowledge of modern uncertainty analysis. Contents:Introduction:Flood Risk Management: Decision Making Under Uncertainty (Jim W Hall)Use of Models in Flood Risk Management (Keith Beven)Theoretical Perspectives:A Framework for Uncertainty Analysis (Keith Beven)Classical Approaches for Statistical Inference in Model Calibration with Uncertainty (R E Chandler)Formal Bayes Methods for Model Calibration with Uncertainty (Jonathan Rougier)The GLUE Methodology for Model Calibration with Uncertainty (Keith Beven)Uncertainties in Flood Modelling and Risk Analysis:Uncertainty in Rainfall Inputs (R E Chandler, V S Isham, P J Northrop, H S Wheater, C J Onof and N A Leith)Uncertainty in Flood Frequency Analysis (Thomas R Kjeldsen, Rob Lamb and Sarka D Blazkova)Minimising Uncertainty in Statistical Analysis of Extreme Values (C Keef)Uncertainty in Flood Inundation Modelling (Paul D Bates, Florian Pappenberger and Renata J Romanowicz)Flood Defence Reliability Analysis (Pieter van Gelder and Han Vrijling)Uncertainties in Flood Modelling in Urban Areas (Slobodan Djordjević, Zoran Vojinović, Richard Dawson and Dragan A Savić)The Many Uncertainties in Flood Loss Assessments (John Chatterton, Edmund Penning-Rowsell and Sally Priest)Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analysis of Current and Future Flood Risk in the Thames Estuary (Jim W Hall, Hamish Harvey and Owen Tarrant)Uncertainties in Real-Time Flood Forecasting:Operational Hydrologic Ensemble Forecasting (Albrecht H Weerts, Dong-Jun Seo, Micha Werner and John Schaake)A Data-Based Mechanistic Modelling Approach to Real-Time Flood Forecasting (Peter C Young, Renata J Romanowicz and Keith Beven)Uncertainty Estimation in Fluvial Flood Forecasting Applications (Kevin Sene, Albrecht H Weerts, Keith Beven, Robert J Moore, Chris Whitlow, Stefan Laeger and Richard Cross)Case Study: Decision Making for Flood Forecasting in the US National Weather Service (Robert Hartman and John Schaake)Quantifying and Reducing Uncertainties in Operational Forecasting: Examples from the Delft FEWS Forecasting System (Micha Werner, Paolo Reggiani and Albrecht H Weerts)Real-Time Coastal Flood Forecasting (Kevin Horsburgh and Jonathan Flowerdew)Uncertainties in Long-Term Change in Flood Risk:Detecting Long-Term Change in Flood Risk (Cíntia B Uvo and Robin T Clarke)Detecting Changes in Winter Precipitation Extremes and Fluvial Flood Risk (Robert L Wilby, Hayley J Fowler and Bill Donovan)Flood Risk in Eastern Australia — Climate Variability and Change (Stewart W Franks)Communicating Uncertainties:Translating Uncertainty in Flood Risk Science (Hazel Faulkner, Meghan Alexander and David Leedal) Readership: Hydrologists, civil engineers, meteorologists, flood risk managers, environmental scientists, hydraulic engineers and consultants. Key Features:Dedicated to the important problem of uncertainty in flood risk analysisTakes an applied perspective with a range of case studiesProvides a comprehensive coverage of uncertainties in flood risk analysis, including flood forecasting, simulation modeling and impacts assessmentKeywords:Floods;Flood Risk Management;Uncertainty Estimation;Flood Frequency;Rainfall Models
