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Author: Joachim Ohser
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471974862
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 420
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Book Description
The investigation of the origin and formation of microstructures and the effect that microstructure has on the properties of materials are important issues in materials science and technology. Geometrical analysis is often the key to understanding the formation of microstructures and the resulting material properties. The authors make use of mathematical morphology, spatial statistics, image processing, stereology and stochastic geometry to analyze microstructures arising in materials science. * Quantitative microstructure analysis is one of the most successful experimental techniques in materials science * Uses examples to demonstrate the techniques * Program code included enables the reader to apply the numerous algorithms * Accessible to material scientists with limited statistical knowledge Primarily aimed at applied materials scientists, the book will also appeal to those working and researching in earth sciences, material technology, mineralogy, petrography, image analysis, cytology and biology.
Author: Joachim Ohser
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471974862
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 420
Get Book Here
Book Description
The investigation of the origin and formation of microstructures and the effect that microstructure has on the properties of materials are important issues in materials science and technology. Geometrical analysis is often the key to understanding the formation of microstructures and the resulting material properties. The authors make use of mathematical morphology, spatial statistics, image processing, stereology and stochastic geometry to analyze microstructures arising in materials science. * Quantitative microstructure analysis is one of the most successful experimental techniques in materials science * Uses examples to demonstrate the techniques * Program code included enables the reader to apply the numerous algorithms * Accessible to material scientists with limited statistical knowledge Primarily aimed at applied materials scientists, the book will also appeal to those working and researching in earth sciences, material technology, mineralogy, petrography, image analysis, cytology and biology.
Author: Jeffrey P. Simmons
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1498738214
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 537
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Book Description
Data analytics has become an integral part of materials science. This book provides the practical tools and fundamentals needed for researchers in materials science to understand how to analyze large datasets using statistical methods, especially inverse methods applied to microstructure characterization. It contains valuable guidance on essential topics such as denoising and data modeling. Additionally, the analysis and applications section addresses compressed sensing methods, stochastic models, extreme estimation, and approaches to pattern detection.
Author: Salvatore Torquato
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475763557
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 720
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Book Description
This accessible text presents a unified approach of treating the microstructure and effective properties of heterogeneous media. Part I deals with the quantitative characterization of the microstructure of heterogeneous via theoretical methods; Part II treats a wide variety of effective properties of heterogeneous materials and how they are linked to the microstructure, accomplished by using rigorous methods.
Author: Sergio Conti
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319182420
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Book Description
This book addresses the need for a fundamental understanding of the physical origin, the mathematical behavior and the numerical treatment of models which include microstructure. Leading scientists present their efforts involving mathematical analysis, numerical analysis, computational mechanics, material modelling and experiment. The mathematical analyses are based on methods from the calculus of variations, while in the numerical implementation global optimization algorithms play a central role. The modeling covers all length scales, from the atomic structure up to macroscopic samples. The development of the models ware guided by experiments on single and polycrystals and results will be checked against experimental data.
Author: Eric J. Mittemeijer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662067234
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 557
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Book Description
Overview of diffraction methods applied to the analysis of the microstructure of materials. Since crystallite size and the presence of lattice defects have a decisive influence on the properties of many engineering materials, information about this microstructure is of vital importance in developing and assessing materials for practical applications. The most powerful and usually non-destructive evaluation techniques available are X-ray and neutron diffraction. The book details, among other things, diffraction-line broadening methods for determining crystallite size and atomic-scale strain due, e.g. to dislocations, and methods for the analysis of residual (macroscale) stress. The book assumes only a basic knowledge of solid-state physics and supplies readers sufficient information to apply the methods themselves.
Author: Eric J. Mittemeijer
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030600564
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 754
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Book Description
This textbook offers a strong introduction to the fundamental concepts of materials science. It conveys the quintessence of this interdisciplinary field, distinguishing it from merely solid-state physics and solid-state chemistry, using metals as model systems to elucidate the relation between microstructure and materials properties. Mittemeijer's Fundamentals of Materials Science provides a consistent treatment of the subject matter with a special focus on the microstructure-property relationship. Richly illustrated and thoroughly referenced, it is the ideal adoption for an entire undergraduate, and even graduate, course of study in materials science and engineering. It delivers a solid background against which more specialized texts can be studied, covering the necessary breadth of key topics such as crystallography, structure defects, phase equilibria and transformations, diffusion and kinetics, and mechanical properties. The success of the first edition has led to this updated and extended second edition, featuring detailed discussion of electron microscopy, supermicroscopy and diffraction methods, an extended treatment of diffusion in solids, and a separate chapter on phase transformation kinetics. “In a lucid and masterly manner, the ways in which the microstructure can affect a host of basic phenomena in metals are described.... By consistently staying with the postulated topic of the microstructure - property relationship, this book occupies a singular position within the broad spectrum of comparable materials science literature .... it will also be of permanent value as a reference book for background refreshing, not least because of its unique annotated intermezzi; an ambitious, remarkable work.” G. Petzow in International Journal of Materials Research. “The biggest strength of the book is the discussion of the structure-property relationships, which the author has accomplished admirably.... In a nutshell, the book should not be looked at as a quick ‘cook book’ type text, but as a serious, critical treatise for some significant time to come.” G.S. Upadhyaya in Science of Sintering. “The role of lattice defects in deformation processes is clearly illustrated using excellent diagrams . Included are many footnotes, ‘Intermezzos’, ‘Epilogues’ and asides within the text from the author’s experience. This ..... soon becomes valued for the interesting insights into the subject and shows the human side of its history. Overall this book provides a refreshing treatment of this important subject and should prove a useful addition to the existing text books available to undergraduate and graduate students and researchers in the field of materials science.” M. Davies in Materials World.
Author: Thorsten Wiegand
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 142008254X
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 542
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Book Description
Understand How to Analyze and Interpret Information in Ecological Point Patterns Although numerous statistical methods for analyzing spatial point patterns have been available for several decades, they haven’t been extensively applied in an ecological context. Addressing this gap, Handbook of Spatial Point-Pattern Analysis in Ecology shows how the techniques of point-pattern analysis are useful for tackling ecological problems. Within an ecological framework, the book guides readers through a variety of methods for different data types and aids in the interpretation of the results obtained by point-pattern analysis. Ideal for empirical ecologists who want to avoid advanced theoretical literature, the book covers statistical techniques for analyzing and interpreting the information contained in ecological patterns. It presents methods used to extract information hidden in spatial point-pattern data that may point to the underlying processes. The authors focus on point processes and null models that have proven their immediate utility for broad ecological applications, such as cluster processes. Along with the techniques, the handbook provides a comprehensive selection of real-world examples. Most of the examples are analyzed using Programita, a continuously updated software package based on the authors’ many years of teaching and collaborative research in ecological point-pattern analysis. Programita is tailored to meet the needs of real-world applications in ecology. The software and a manual are available online.
Author: Uwe Kruger
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118381262
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 472
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Book Description
The development and application of multivariate statisticaltechniques in process monitoring has gained substantial interestover the past two decades in academia and industry alike. Initially developed for monitoring and fault diagnosis in complexsystems, such techniques have been refined and applied in variousengineering areas, for example mechanical and manufacturing,chemical, electrical and electronic, and power engineering. The recipe for the tremendous interest in multivariate statisticaltechniques lies in its simplicity and adaptability for developingmonitoring applications. In contrast, competitive model,signal or knowledge based techniques showed their potential onlywhenever cost-benefit economics have justified the required effortin developing applications. Statistical Monitoring of Complex Multivariate Processespresents recent advances in statistics based process monitoring,explaining how these processes can now be used in areas such asmechanical and manufacturing engineering for example, in additionto the traditional chemical industry. This book: Contains a detailed theoretical background of the componenttechnology. Brings together a large body of work to address thefield’s drawbacks, and develops methods for theirimprovement. Details cross-disciplinary utilization, exemplified by examplesin chemical, mechanical and manufacturing engineering. Presents real life industrial applications, outliningdeficiencies in the methodology and how to address them. Includes numerous examples, tutorial questions and homeworkassignments in the form of individual and team-based projects, toenhance the learning experience. Features a supplementary website including Matlab algorithmsand data sets. This book provides a timely reference text to the rapidlyevolving area of multivariate statistical analysis for academics,advanced level students, and practitioners alike.
Author: Marvin Rausand
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118281101
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 467
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Book Description
An introduction to risk assessment that utilizes key theory and state-of-the-art applications With its balanced coverage of theory and applications along with standards and regulations, Risk Assessment: Theory, Methods, and Applications serves as a comprehensive introduction to the topic. The book serves as a practical guide to current risk analysis and risk assessment, emphasizing the possibility of sudden, major accidents across various areas of practice from machinery and manufacturing processes to nuclear power plants and transportation systems. The author applies a uniform framework to the discussion of each method, setting forth clear objectives and descriptions, while also shedding light on applications, essential resources, and advantages and disadvantages. Following an introduction that provides an overview of risk assessment, the book is organized into two sections that outline key theory, methods, and applications. Introduction to Risk Assessment defines key concepts and details the steps of a thorough risk assessment along with the necessary quantitative risk measures. Chapters outline the overall risk assessment process, and a discussion of accident models and accident causation offers readers new insights into how and why accidents occur to help them make better assessments. Risk Assessment Methods and Applications carefully describes the most relevant methods for risk assessment, including preliminary hazard analysis, HAZOP, fault tree analysis, and event tree analysis. Here, each method is accompanied by a self-contained description as well as workflow diagrams and worksheets that illustrate the use of discussed techniques. Important problem areas in risk assessment, such as barriers and barrier analysis, human errors, and human reliability, are discussed along with uncertainty and sensitivity analysis. Each chapter concludes with a listing of resources for further study of the topic, and detailed appendices outline main results from probability and statistics, related formulas, and a listing of key terms used in risk assessment. A related website features problems that allow readers to test their comprehension of the presented material and supplemental slides to facilitate the learning process. Risk Assessment is an excellent book for courses on risk analysis and risk assessment at the upper-undergraduate and graduate levels. It also serves as a valuable reference for engineers, researchers, consultants, and practitioners who use risk assessment techniques in their everyday work.
Author: Dileep Singh
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119494125
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 358
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Book Description
Ceramic Transactions, Volume 264, Proceedings of the 12th Pacific Rim Conference on Ceramic and Glass Technology Dileep Singh, Manabu Fukushima, Young-Wook Kim, Kiyoshi Shimamura, Nobuhito Imanaka, Tatsuki Ohji, Jake Amoroso, and Michael Lanagan; Editors This proceedings contains a collection of 32 papers presented at the 12th Pacific Rim Conference on Ceramic and Glass Technology (PacRim12), May 21-26, 2017 in Waikoloa, Hawaii. PacRim is a bi-annual conference held in collaboration with the ceramic societies of the Pacific Rim countries - The American Ceramic Society, The Chinese Ceramic Society, The Korean Ceramic Society, and the Australian Ceramic Society. Topics included in this collection include multiscale modeling and simulation, processing and manufacturing, nanotechnology, multifunctional materials, ceramics for energy and the environment, biomedical materials, and more
