Author: Emma Jones
Publisher: Harriman House Limited
ISBN: 190800312X
Category : New business enterprises
Languages : en
Pages : 192
Book Description
The StartUp Saturday Workbook has been written for anyone wanting to become their own boss. Presented in 11 clear, week-by-week sections this workbook offers all the tools, tips and templates you need to successfully find an idea and turn it into a way of making a living. Scribble in it, travel with it and eat tea whilst reading it - this workbook will help you move from start up to successful business owner. The Workbook is linked to the new weekly StartUp Saturday classes being run in Staples stores across the UK. The book is great on its own, but even better if used as part of the course - so if you want to benefit from guidance from experienced tutors and meet others taking their first steps to small business success why not sign up to one of the classes or the full course at www.startupsaturday.co.uk. Week 1: Uncover your BIG idea and research the market Week 2: Five points to include in a business plan Week 3: The must dos: registering the company and protecting your brand Week 4: Straightforward finance and easy budgeting techniques Week 5: It's your office! Tech tips and how to create the perfect work environment Week 6: Building a home on the web Week 7: Simple sales roadmap and cold-calling made easy Week 8: Make some noise! Week 9: 5 essential social media tools and how to make the most of them Week 10: How to grow the business without outgrowing the home Week 11: Happy customers and balanced business - a recipe for success
Start Up Saturday Workbook
Author: Emma Jones
Publisher: Harriman House Limited
ISBN: 190800312X
Category : New business enterprises
Languages : en
Pages : 192
Book Description
The StartUp Saturday Workbook has been written for anyone wanting to become their own boss. Presented in 11 clear, week-by-week sections this workbook offers all the tools, tips and templates you need to successfully find an idea and turn it into a way of making a living. Scribble in it, travel with it and eat tea whilst reading it - this workbook will help you move from start up to successful business owner. The Workbook is linked to the new weekly StartUp Saturday classes being run in Staples stores across the UK. The book is great on its own, but even better if used as part of the course - so if you want to benefit from guidance from experienced tutors and meet others taking their first steps to small business success why not sign up to one of the classes or the full course at www.startupsaturday.co.uk. Week 1: Uncover your BIG idea and research the market Week 2: Five points to include in a business plan Week 3: The must dos: registering the company and protecting your brand Week 4: Straightforward finance and easy budgeting techniques Week 5: It's your office! Tech tips and how to create the perfect work environment Week 6: Building a home on the web Week 7: Simple sales roadmap and cold-calling made easy Week 8: Make some noise! Week 9: 5 essential social media tools and how to make the most of them Week 10: How to grow the business without outgrowing the home Week 11: Happy customers and balanced business - a recipe for success
Publisher: Harriman House Limited
ISBN: 190800312X
Category : New business enterprises
Languages : en
Pages : 192
Book Description
The StartUp Saturday Workbook has been written for anyone wanting to become their own boss. Presented in 11 clear, week-by-week sections this workbook offers all the tools, tips and templates you need to successfully find an idea and turn it into a way of making a living. Scribble in it, travel with it and eat tea whilst reading it - this workbook will help you move from start up to successful business owner. The Workbook is linked to the new weekly StartUp Saturday classes being run in Staples stores across the UK. The book is great on its own, but even better if used as part of the course - so if you want to benefit from guidance from experienced tutors and meet others taking their first steps to small business success why not sign up to one of the classes or the full course at www.startupsaturday.co.uk. Week 1: Uncover your BIG idea and research the market Week 2: Five points to include in a business plan Week 3: The must dos: registering the company and protecting your brand Week 4: Straightforward finance and easy budgeting techniques Week 5: It's your office! Tech tips and how to create the perfect work environment Week 6: Building a home on the web Week 7: Simple sales roadmap and cold-calling made easy Week 8: Make some noise! Week 9: 5 essential social media tools and how to make the most of them Week 10: How to grow the business without outgrowing the home Week 11: Happy customers and balanced business - a recipe for success
The Digital Business Start-Up Workbook
Author: Cheryl Rickman
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 085708285X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 326
Book Description
How do I know if my idea will work? How do I decide on the business model? How do I find my audience? Your digital business start-up journey begins here. From the bestselling author of The Small Business Start-up Workbook, Cheryl Rickman brings you a thoroughly practical guide to starting up a digital business, covering the full journey from idea to exit, with easy-to-implement strategies to make your online venture an ongoing success. With a combination of tips, exercises, checklists, anecdotes, case studies and lessons learned by business leaders, this workbook will guide you through each step of digital business. Learn how to: • Assess whether your business idea will work online/digitally • Choose the right business model for your proposition and avoid wasting time • Assess demand, viability and uncover untapped needs and gaps in the market • Build a usable, engaging website and mobile app • Create a buzz using social networking • Drive high quality traffic to your site and convert visitors into paying customers • Use search engine optimization (SEO) and marketing (SEM) tools effectively • Raise finance and protect your business • Build and maintain a strong brand • Recruit and retain a strong team • Sell the business or find a suitable successor. Reviews for the book: “If you want advice on starting your own internet business, don’t ask me, read this book instead. It is more up-to-date and costs far less than a good lunch.” Nick Jenkins, Founder of Moonpig.com “This book excels in providing practical guidance on how to create a successful digital business which exceeds customer expectations and keeps customers happy each step of the way.” Scott Weavers-Wright, CEO of Kiddicare.com, and MD of Morrison.com (non-food) “If you read just one book on digital business, make it this one... It is inspirational, informative and interactive in equal measure. Highly recommended!” Rowan Gormley, Founder and CEO of NakedWines.com “Interspersed with inspiring and useful stories from successful entrepreneurs, this book can help aspiring business owners through a step-by-step process of refining their start-up ideas and building a solid business.” Elizabeth Varley, Founder and CEO of TechHub
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 085708285X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 326
Book Description
How do I know if my idea will work? How do I decide on the business model? How do I find my audience? Your digital business start-up journey begins here. From the bestselling author of The Small Business Start-up Workbook, Cheryl Rickman brings you a thoroughly practical guide to starting up a digital business, covering the full journey from idea to exit, with easy-to-implement strategies to make your online venture an ongoing success. With a combination of tips, exercises, checklists, anecdotes, case studies and lessons learned by business leaders, this workbook will guide you through each step of digital business. Learn how to: • Assess whether your business idea will work online/digitally • Choose the right business model for your proposition and avoid wasting time • Assess demand, viability and uncover untapped needs and gaps in the market • Build a usable, engaging website and mobile app • Create a buzz using social networking • Drive high quality traffic to your site and convert visitors into paying customers • Use search engine optimization (SEO) and marketing (SEM) tools effectively • Raise finance and protect your business • Build and maintain a strong brand • Recruit and retain a strong team • Sell the business or find a suitable successor. Reviews for the book: “If you want advice on starting your own internet business, don’t ask me, read this book instead. It is more up-to-date and costs far less than a good lunch.” Nick Jenkins, Founder of Moonpig.com “This book excels in providing practical guidance on how to create a successful digital business which exceeds customer expectations and keeps customers happy each step of the way.” Scott Weavers-Wright, CEO of Kiddicare.com, and MD of Morrison.com (non-food) “If you read just one book on digital business, make it this one... It is inspirational, informative and interactive in equal measure. Highly recommended!” Rowan Gormley, Founder and CEO of NakedWines.com “Interspersed with inspiring and useful stories from successful entrepreneurs, this book can help aspiring business owners through a step-by-step process of refining their start-up ideas and building a solid business.” Elizabeth Varley, Founder and CEO of TechHub
Founders at Work
Author: Jessica Livingston
Publisher: Apress
ISBN: 143021077X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 468
Book Description
Now available in paperback—with a new preface and interview with Jessica Livingston about Y Combinator! Founders at Work: Stories of Startups' Early Days is a collection of interviews with founders of famous technology companies about what happened in the very earliest days. These people are celebrities now. What was it like when they were just a couple friends with an idea? Founders like Steve Wozniak (Apple), Caterina Fake (Flickr), Mitch Kapor (Lotus), Max Levchin (PayPal), and Sabeer Bhatia (Hotmail) tell you in their own words about their surprising and often very funny discoveries as they learned how to build a company. Where did they get the ideas that made them rich? How did they convince investors to back them? What went wrong, and how did they recover? Nearly all technical people have thought of one day starting or working for a startup. For them, this book is the closest you can come to being a fly on the wall at a successful startup, to learn how it's done. But ultimately these interviews are required reading for anyone who wants to understand business, because startups are business reduced to its essence. The reason their founders become rich is that startups do what businesses do—create value—more intensively than almost any other part of the economy. How? What are the secrets that make successful startups so insanely productive? Read this book, and let the founders themselves tell you.
Publisher: Apress
ISBN: 143021077X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 468
Book Description
Now available in paperback—with a new preface and interview with Jessica Livingston about Y Combinator! Founders at Work: Stories of Startups' Early Days is a collection of interviews with founders of famous technology companies about what happened in the very earliest days. These people are celebrities now. What was it like when they were just a couple friends with an idea? Founders like Steve Wozniak (Apple), Caterina Fake (Flickr), Mitch Kapor (Lotus), Max Levchin (PayPal), and Sabeer Bhatia (Hotmail) tell you in their own words about their surprising and often very funny discoveries as they learned how to build a company. Where did they get the ideas that made them rich? How did they convince investors to back them? What went wrong, and how did they recover? Nearly all technical people have thought of one day starting or working for a startup. For them, this book is the closest you can come to being a fly on the wall at a successful startup, to learn how it's done. But ultimately these interviews are required reading for anyone who wants to understand business, because startups are business reduced to its essence. The reason their founders become rich is that startups do what businesses do—create value—more intensively than almost any other part of the economy. How? What are the secrets that make successful startups so insanely productive? Read this book, and let the founders themselves tell you.
Build the Damn Thing
Author: Kathryn Finney
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 0593329260
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 273
Book Description
The Wall Street Journal Bestseller featured in Bloomberg, Fast Company, Masters of Scale, the Motley Fool, Marketplace and more. An indispensable guide to building a startup and breaking down the barriers for diverse entrepreneurs from the visionary venture capitalist and pioneering entrepreneur Kathryn Finney. Build the Damn Thing is a hard-won, battle-tested guide for every entrepreneur who the establishment has left out. Finney, an investor and startup champion, explains how to build a business from the ground up, from developing a business plan to finding investors, growing a team, and refining a product. Finney empowers entrepreneurs to take advantage of their unique networks and resources; arms readers with responses to investors who say, “great pitch but I just don’t do Black women”; and inspires them to overcome naysayers while remaining “100% That B*tch.” Don’t wait for the system to let you in—break down the door and build your damn thing. For all the Builders striving to build their businesses in a world that has overlooked and underestimated them: this is the essential guide to knowing, breaking, remaking and building your own rules of entrepreneurship in a startup and investing world designed for and by the “Entitleds.”
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 0593329260
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 273
Book Description
The Wall Street Journal Bestseller featured in Bloomberg, Fast Company, Masters of Scale, the Motley Fool, Marketplace and more. An indispensable guide to building a startup and breaking down the barriers for diverse entrepreneurs from the visionary venture capitalist and pioneering entrepreneur Kathryn Finney. Build the Damn Thing is a hard-won, battle-tested guide for every entrepreneur who the establishment has left out. Finney, an investor and startup champion, explains how to build a business from the ground up, from developing a business plan to finding investors, growing a team, and refining a product. Finney empowers entrepreneurs to take advantage of their unique networks and resources; arms readers with responses to investors who say, “great pitch but I just don’t do Black women”; and inspires them to overcome naysayers while remaining “100% That B*tch.” Don’t wait for the system to let you in—break down the door and build your damn thing. For all the Builders striving to build their businesses in a world that has overlooked and underestimated them: this is the essential guide to knowing, breaking, remaking and building your own rules of entrepreneurship in a startup and investing world designed for and by the “Entitleds.”
The Lean Startup
Author: Eric Ries
Publisher: Crown Currency
ISBN: 0307887898
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 337
Book Description
Most startups fail. But many of those failures are preventable. The Lean Startup is a new approach being adopted across the globe, changing the way companies are built and new products are launched. Eric Ries defines a startup as an organization dedicated to creating something new under conditions of extreme uncertainty. This is just as true for one person in a garage or a group of seasoned professionals in a Fortune 500 boardroom. What they have in common is a mission to penetrate that fog of uncertainty to discover a successful path to a sustainable business. The Lean Startup approach fosters companies that are both more capital efficient and that leverage human creativity more effectively. Inspired by lessons from lean manufacturing, it relies on “validated learning,” rapid scientific experimentation, as well as a number of counter-intuitive practices that shorten product development cycles, measure actual progress without resorting to vanity metrics, and learn what customers really want. It enables a company to shift directions with agility, altering plans inch by inch, minute by minute. Rather than wasting time creating elaborate business plans, The Lean Startup offers entrepreneurs—in companies of all sizes—a way to test their vision continuously, to adapt and adjust before it’s too late. Ries provides a scientific approach to creating and managing successful startups in a age when companies need to innovate more than ever.
Publisher: Crown Currency
ISBN: 0307887898
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 337
Book Description
Most startups fail. But many of those failures are preventable. The Lean Startup is a new approach being adopted across the globe, changing the way companies are built and new products are launched. Eric Ries defines a startup as an organization dedicated to creating something new under conditions of extreme uncertainty. This is just as true for one person in a garage or a group of seasoned professionals in a Fortune 500 boardroom. What they have in common is a mission to penetrate that fog of uncertainty to discover a successful path to a sustainable business. The Lean Startup approach fosters companies that are both more capital efficient and that leverage human creativity more effectively. Inspired by lessons from lean manufacturing, it relies on “validated learning,” rapid scientific experimentation, as well as a number of counter-intuitive practices that shorten product development cycles, measure actual progress without resorting to vanity metrics, and learn what customers really want. It enables a company to shift directions with agility, altering plans inch by inch, minute by minute. Rather than wasting time creating elaborate business plans, The Lean Startup offers entrepreneurs—in companies of all sizes—a way to test their vision continuously, to adapt and adjust before it’s too late. Ries provides a scientific approach to creating and managing successful startups in a age when companies need to innovate more than ever.
Startup Weekend
Author: Marc Nager
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118105095
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 208
Book Description
Tested principles for transforming an idea into a fully operational company Startup Weekend—the organization behind 54-hour events where developers, designers, marketers, and startup enthusiasts come together to share ideas, form teams, build products, and create startups—has spawned both a global initiative in entrepreneurship as well as numerous successful startups. Startup Weekend, the book, contains best practices, lessons learned, and empowering examples derived from the organization's experiences for individuals and small organizations to follow as they launch businesses. Each of the key beliefs outlined has been tested by Startup Weekend and has yielded powerful results. The principles described in each chapter will give any business idea a greater chance for success. Chapter topics include trust and empowerment, flexible organizational structures, the power of experiential education, action-based networking, and much more Describes consequences for startup development as entrepreneurs and founders begin doing much more, even faster Profiles successful Startup Weekend companies, including two powerful examples: Memolane, an application that captures a user's online life in one timeline making it easy for users to travel back in time and relive memories; and Foodspotting, a mobile and desktop app that allows users to find and share the foods they love Apply these simple actionable principles to launch your own startup revolution.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118105095
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 208
Book Description
Tested principles for transforming an idea into a fully operational company Startup Weekend—the organization behind 54-hour events where developers, designers, marketers, and startup enthusiasts come together to share ideas, form teams, build products, and create startups—has spawned both a global initiative in entrepreneurship as well as numerous successful startups. Startup Weekend, the book, contains best practices, lessons learned, and empowering examples derived from the organization's experiences for individuals and small organizations to follow as they launch businesses. Each of the key beliefs outlined has been tested by Startup Weekend and has yielded powerful results. The principles described in each chapter will give any business idea a greater chance for success. Chapter topics include trust and empowerment, flexible organizational structures, the power of experiential education, action-based networking, and much more Describes consequences for startup development as entrepreneurs and founders begin doing much more, even faster Profiles successful Startup Weekend companies, including two powerful examples: Memolane, an application that captures a user's online life in one timeline making it easy for users to travel back in time and relive memories; and Foodspotting, a mobile and desktop app that allows users to find and share the foods they love Apply these simple actionable principles to launch your own startup revolution.
The Small Business Start-up Workbook
Author: Anita Roddick
Publisher: How To Books
ISBN: 1848034784
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 281
Book Description
In this practical and comprehensive workbook, Cheryl Rickman, offers a modern approach to self-employment and business start-up. Packed with real-life case studies and practical exercises, checklists and worksheets, it provides a step-by-step guide to researching and formulating your business ideas, planning the right marketing strategies, and managing a team that will drive your vision forward with you. You'll discover what, with hindsight, well-known entrepreneurs would have done differently, what their biggest mistakes have been and what they've learnt: Dame Anita Roddick, Julie Meyer, Stelios Haji-Ioannou, Simon Woodroffe and others reveal their best and worst decisions and contribute their wisdom and tips for succeeding in business. You'll learn how to: develop, research and plan "the idea"; design and create the right products and services; define and understand your customers and target audience; secure finance and manage cash flow and accounts; create a winning brand and marketing message; gain and retain customers; achieve competitive advantage; plan, create, launch and promote your website; and manage your business and time. This fresh approach to small business start-up also includes information and recommendations on making your business ethical and socially responsible, along with exercises to help build self-confidence and visualize success.
Publisher: How To Books
ISBN: 1848034784
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 281
Book Description
In this practical and comprehensive workbook, Cheryl Rickman, offers a modern approach to self-employment and business start-up. Packed with real-life case studies and practical exercises, checklists and worksheets, it provides a step-by-step guide to researching and formulating your business ideas, planning the right marketing strategies, and managing a team that will drive your vision forward with you. You'll discover what, with hindsight, well-known entrepreneurs would have done differently, what their biggest mistakes have been and what they've learnt: Dame Anita Roddick, Julie Meyer, Stelios Haji-Ioannou, Simon Woodroffe and others reveal their best and worst decisions and contribute their wisdom and tips for succeeding in business. You'll learn how to: develop, research and plan "the idea"; design and create the right products and services; define and understand your customers and target audience; secure finance and manage cash flow and accounts; create a winning brand and marketing message; gain and retain customers; achieve competitive advantage; plan, create, launch and promote your website; and manage your business and time. This fresh approach to small business start-up also includes information and recommendations on making your business ethical and socially responsible, along with exercises to help build self-confidence and visualize success.
Writing Workbook for the NEW SAT
Author: George Ehrenhaft
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 1438068131
Category : Study Aids
Languages : en
Pages : 876
Book Description
This thoroughly revised edition of Barron’s Writing Workbook for the New SAT prepares students for the writing sections of the newly redesigned SAT: The SAT Writing and Language Test and The SAT Essay. It includes:
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
ISBN: 1438068131
Category : Study Aids
Languages : en
Pages : 876
Book Description
This thoroughly revised edition of Barron’s Writing Workbook for the New SAT prepares students for the writing sections of the newly redesigned SAT: The SAT Writing and Language Test and The SAT Essay. It includes:
SAT Math Workbook
Author: Reza Nazari
Publisher: Effortless Math
ISBN: 1637191332
Category : Study Aids
Languages : en
Pages : 319
Book Description
The BEST Workbook to help you ACE the SAT Math Test! SAT Math Workbook 2020 – 2021, which reflects the 2020 – 2021 test guidelines and topics, provides students with the confidence and math skills they need to succeed on the SAT Math, offering a solid foundation of Math topics with abundant exercises for each topic. It is designed to address the needs of SAT test takers who must have a working knowledge of basic Math. This comprehensive workbook with over 2,500 sample questions and 2 full-length SAT Math tests is all you need to fully prepare for the SAT Math. It will help you learn everything you need to ace the SAT Math test. This SAT Math workbook's new edition has been updated to replicate questions appearing on the most recent SAT math tests. Upon completion of this workbook, you will have a solid foundation and sufficient practice to ace the SAT Math test. This workbook is your ticket to scoring higher on SAT Math. Inside the pages of this comprehensive SAT Math workbook, you can learn basic math operations in a structured manner with a complete study program to help you understand essential math skills. It also has many exciting features, including: Content 100% aligned with the 2020 SAT® test Written by SAT Math tutors and test experts Complete coverage of all SAT Math concepts and topics which you will be tested Over 2,500 additional SAT math practice questions in both multiple-choice and grid-in formats with answers grouped by topic, so you can focus on your weak areas Abundant Math skill building exercises to help test-takers approach different question types that might be unfamiliar to them Exercises on different SAT Math topics such as integers, percent, equations, polynomials, exponents and radicals 2 full-length practice tests (featuring new question types) with detailed answers This SAT Math Workbook and other Effortless Math Education books are used by thousands of students each year to help them review core content areas, brush-up in math, discover their strengths and weaknesses, and achieve their best scores on the SAT test.
Publisher: Effortless Math
ISBN: 1637191332
Category : Study Aids
Languages : en
Pages : 319
Book Description
The BEST Workbook to help you ACE the SAT Math Test! SAT Math Workbook 2020 – 2021, which reflects the 2020 – 2021 test guidelines and topics, provides students with the confidence and math skills they need to succeed on the SAT Math, offering a solid foundation of Math topics with abundant exercises for each topic. It is designed to address the needs of SAT test takers who must have a working knowledge of basic Math. This comprehensive workbook with over 2,500 sample questions and 2 full-length SAT Math tests is all you need to fully prepare for the SAT Math. It will help you learn everything you need to ace the SAT Math test. This SAT Math workbook's new edition has been updated to replicate questions appearing on the most recent SAT math tests. Upon completion of this workbook, you will have a solid foundation and sufficient practice to ace the SAT Math test. This workbook is your ticket to scoring higher on SAT Math. Inside the pages of this comprehensive SAT Math workbook, you can learn basic math operations in a structured manner with a complete study program to help you understand essential math skills. It also has many exciting features, including: Content 100% aligned with the 2020 SAT® test Written by SAT Math tutors and test experts Complete coverage of all SAT Math concepts and topics which you will be tested Over 2,500 additional SAT math practice questions in both multiple-choice and grid-in formats with answers grouped by topic, so you can focus on your weak areas Abundant Math skill building exercises to help test-takers approach different question types that might be unfamiliar to them Exercises on different SAT Math topics such as integers, percent, equations, polynomials, exponents and radicals 2 full-length practice tests (featuring new question types) with detailed answers This SAT Math Workbook and other Effortless Math Education books are used by thousands of students each year to help them review core content areas, brush-up in math, discover their strengths and weaknesses, and achieve their best scores on the SAT test.
How to Ace the SAT Without Losing Your Cool
Author: Michele Lobosco
Publisher: Lulu.com
ISBN: 0615145922
Category : Study Aids
Languages : en
Pages : 279
Book Description
How to Ace the SAT Without Losing Your Cool is a SAT instructional manual designed to help students maximize their SAT performance. This book introduces the Enlightened SAT Warrior Program, an innovative and effective test preparation approach that provides students with a strategic game plan to master the SAT and help them achieve the SAT score they deserve. How to Ace the SAT Without Losing Your Cool picks up where the traditional SAT workbook leaves off. In addition to a thorough review of all the necessary academic concepts, students are guided to develop a better understanding of their own abilities, learning preferences, and skill sets, and to effectively apply this knowledge to their preparation process to maximize the results of their efforts. With our unique approach, studying becomes more effective and confidence increases.
Publisher: Lulu.com
ISBN: 0615145922
Category : Study Aids
Languages : en
Pages : 279
Book Description
How to Ace the SAT Without Losing Your Cool is a SAT instructional manual designed to help students maximize their SAT performance. This book introduces the Enlightened SAT Warrior Program, an innovative and effective test preparation approach that provides students with a strategic game plan to master the SAT and help them achieve the SAT score they deserve. How to Ace the SAT Without Losing Your Cool picks up where the traditional SAT workbook leaves off. In addition to a thorough review of all the necessary academic concepts, students are guided to develop a better understanding of their own abilities, learning preferences, and skill sets, and to effectively apply this knowledge to their preparation process to maximize the results of their efforts. With our unique approach, studying becomes more effective and confidence increases.