Author: Werner Gans
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1468459406
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 588
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Book Description
This NATO Advanced Study Institute centered on large-scale molecular systems: Quantum mechanics, although providing a general framework for the description of matter, is not easily applicable to many concrete systems of interest; classical statistical methods, on the other hand, allow only a partial picture of the behaviour of large systems. The aim of the ASI was to present both aspects of the subject matter and to foster interaction between the scientists working in these important areas of theoretical physics and theoretical chemistry. The quantum-mechanical part was mostly based on the operator-algebraic formulation of quantum mechanics and comprised quantum statistics of infinite systems with special em phasis on macroscopic observables, equilibrium conditions, irreversibility on the one hand, symmetry breaking for molecules in the radiation field and macroscopic quantum phenomena in the theory of superconductivity (BCS-theory) on the other hand. In addition, phase-space methods for many-body systems were also presented. Statistical physics was the main topic in the other lectures of the School; much emphasis was put on the statistical features of macros copic ("large") systems, the lectures dealt with mass and energy transport im polymers, in gels and in microemulsions, with aggregation and growth phenomena, with relaxation in complex, correlated systems, with conduction and optical properties of polymers, and with the means of describing disordered systems, above all fractals and related hierarchical models.
Author: H. Kuzmany
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642825699
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 362
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Book Description
At the International Winter School on "Electronic Properties of Polymers and Related Compounds" particular attention was paid to a very new and special field in polymer research. It is concerned with the study of the electronic structure of polymers and with physical and chemical properties directly re lated to this structure. In particular, tutorial and research contributions on electrical, electrochemical, optical, magnetic, lattice dynamical and structural properties were presented. In addition, review reports on related topics such as charge transfer complexes and linear-chain compounds (transi tion-metal trichalcogenides) were included. In two discussion meEjtings, the special role of polyacetylene and possible present and future applications of the electronic properties of polymers, as e.g. conductors or as electrodes in electrochemical cells, were elucidated. The electronic properties of polymers cover a wide range of research problems which are of particular interest for polymers with a 1T-electron system. Thus, a great part of the work presented was concerned with conjuga ted systems. Additional presentations dealt with other systems such as bio polymers, photopolymers or electrets, which are of significant scientific and technical importance. It was demonstrated how their electronic proper ties are increasingly being investigated from a fundamental point of view by applying known concepts of snlid-state science.
Author: A Blumen
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814611476
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 466
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Book Description
The research on condensed molecular solids is truly interdisciplinary, spanning the range from statistical and molecular physics to solid-state-physics, chemistry, up to materials science. This Symposium on dynamical processes in condensed molecular systems highlights the most recent developments in the field, focussing on low-dimensional and non-crystalline materials, such as Langmuir-Blodgett-films, polymers and glasses. The text includes both advanced experimental techniques (hole-burning, fluorescence, short-time pulses, nonlinear spectroscopy) and also modern theoretical approches (dynamical percolation, fractals, localization).
Author: Baldassare Dibartolo
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461324076
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 712
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Book Description
This book presents an account of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on "Energy Transfer Processes in Condensed Matter", held in Erice, Italy, from June 16 to June 30, 1983. This meeting was organized by the International School of Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy of the "Ettore Majorana" Centre for Scientific Culture. The objective of the Institute was to present a comprehensive treatment of the basic mechanisms by which electronic excitation energy, initially localized in a particular constituent or region of a condensed material, transfers itself to the other parts of the system. Energy transfer processes are important to such varied .fields as spectroscopy, lasers, phosphor technology, artificial solar energy conversion, and photobiology. This meeting was the first encounter of this sort entirely dedicated to this important topic. A total of 65 participants came from 47 laboratories and 16 nations (Belgium, Czechoslovakia, F.R. of Germany, France, Greece, India, Ireland, Israel, Italy, The Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, and the United States of A America). The secretaries of the course were: Ms. Aliki Karipidou for the scientific aspects and Mr. Massimo Minella for the admini strative aspects of the meeting.
Author: Ewald Balcar
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3642031188
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 227
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Book Description
Application of quantum mechanics in physics and chemistry often entails manipulation and evaluation of sums and products of coupling coefficients for the theory of angular momentum. Challenges encountered in such work can be tamed by graphical techniques that provide both the insight and analytical power. The book is the first step-by-step exposition of a graphical method grounded in established work. Copious exercises recover standard results but demonstrate the power to go beyond.
Author: V. M. (Nitant) Kenkre
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108896529
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 331
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Book Description
Exploiting powerful techniques from physics and mathematics, this book studies animal movement in ecology, with a focus on epidemic spread. Pulmonary syndrome is not only feared in epidemics of recent times, such as COVID-19, but is also characteristic of epidemics studied earlier such as Hantavirus. The Hantavirus is one of the book's central topics. Correlations between epidemic outbreaks and precipitation events like El Niño are analyzed and spatial reservoirs of infection in off-period of the epidemic, known as refugia, are studied. Predicted traveling waves of infection are successfully compared to field observations. Territoriality in scent-marking animals is presented, with parallels drawn with the theory of melting. The flocking and herding of birds and mammals are described in terms of collective excitations. For scientists interested in movement ecology and epidemic spread, this book provides effective solutions to long-standing problems.
Author: P. Reineker
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642821413
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 292
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Book Description
This volume contains the talks presented at the International Symposium on Electronic Excitations and Interaction Processes in Organic Molecular Aggre gates which was held at Schloss Elmau, Bavaria, Germany from June 5 to June 10, 1983. In the recent years the investigation of organic materials has developed rapidly and has led to the construction of materials with interesting proper ties. The discovery of highly conducting and superconducting organic materials is definitely one of the reasons for the enormous increase in research acti vity in this field. Interesting applications have been realized or seem pos sible, such as the application of organic materials in electrophotography. The conductivity of organic polymers may be varied within a large range by doping and such materials have been used to construct an organic battery. Some time ago it was suggested that organic glasses and polymers could be used as stor age materials in computer technology. With the development of preparation tech niques and modern methods of investigation, for example, high resolution and picosecond spectroscopy, a large amount of experimental data is available not only for the conducting materials but also for organic semiconductors and in sulators. With this rapid accumulation of experimental material the microscopic theoretical understanding could not keep pace.
Author: Yuri P. Kalmykov
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0471790257
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 432
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Book Description
Fractals, Diffusion, and Relaxation in Disordered Complex Systems is a special guest-edited, two-part volume of Advances in Chemical Physics that continues to report recent advances with significant, up-to-date chapters by internationally recognized researchers.
Author: D.C. Fries
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3540394710
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 239
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Book Description
Author: Ulrich F. Katz
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 354045019X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 243
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Book Description
About three decades after the first experiments on deep inelastic lepton hadron scattering began to investigate the structure of hadrons, the history of this fruitful field of particle physics continues in the broad spectrum of research performed at the electron and positron proton collider HERA at DESY, where the multipurpose detectors ZEUS and H1 access ep scattering at a center of mass energy of 300 GeV and explore as yet uncharted kinematic realms of deep inelastic scattering. After the first years of data taking at HERA, each of the experiments has collected a total of roughly 40 pb 1 of e+p data, yielding sensitivity to deep inelastic e+p interactions at high four momentum transfers, Q2, where typi cal cross sections drop into the subpicobarn regime. This kinematic domain is characterized by electroweak unification, manifesting itself most markedly in the neutral and charged current cross sections, which approach an equal order of magnitude as Q2 rises above the square of the W and Z masses. Consequently, HERA allows, for the first time, studies of both types of pro cesses simultaneously with the same initial state conditions and in the same detector, and thus we can investigate the interplay of electroweak and strong forces governing the respective cross sections.
