Spatial Landscape-scale Modeling of Dissolved Organic Carbon Concentration for the Eastern Great Lakes Region of Ontario, Canada PDF Download
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Author: James Charles Ouellette
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Water
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Author: James Charles Ouellette
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Water
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Author: Changjiang Ye
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Organic compounds
Languages : en
Pages : 96
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Variation of dissolved of organic carbon concentration in stream water is a consequence of process changes in the surrounding terrestrial environment. This study will focus on 1) Identify significant environmental factors controlling the spatial and temporal variation of DOC in terrestrial ecosystems of a watershed southeast of Boston, Massachusetts; 2) Model the DOC leaching from different land cover and examine the relationship between leaching flux and in-stream DOC. Our hypothesis is variations of in stream DOC is closely related to watershed properties and environmental factors at annual, seasonal, and daily scales, especially land cover type, watershed size and hydrology. To explore the relationship of hydrology and DOC variation at ungauged sub-basin, we examined the effectiveness of using simulated stream flow from Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to study terrestrial DOC dynamics. Our results demonstrated that streamflow, drainage area, and percent of wetland and forest were particularly strong predictors in watersheds with a large proportion of developed area. The resulting linear model is able to explain about 70.2% (R2=0.702) and 65.1% (R2=0.651) of the variance of in-stream DOC concentrations at seasonal and annual scales respectively. Results also suggest that more frequent DOC sampling is necessary to establish the quantitative relationship between simulated stream flows from the SWAT and in-stream DOC concentrations at daily scale. The physically based ecosystem model developed in this study shows that DOC leaching from various land cover are highly correlated (up to 80%) with in-stream DOC by using ecological process with incorporated different hydrological pathways. It shows that leaching of DOC from soil is a significant contributor to the in-stream DOC. The production of DOC is largely controlled by the vegetation type and soil texture. Considering the hydrologic control on DOC transport with different pathways of water at finer spatial and temporal scale highlights the need to identify the quantitative relationships between water and carbon flux.
Author: Erik Ray Venteris
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 444
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Author: Thomas E. Croley
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Great Lakes
Languages : en
Pages : 106
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Book Description
Author: Ryan Boylan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural pollution
Languages : en
Pages : 308
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Book Description
Mitigation strategies to minimize the loss of soil carbon require a fundamental understanding of the dominant hydrologic flow paths, which drive runoff generation, soil erosion, and ultimately the quantity and quality of carbon exported from a landscape. The variation in climate across the Inland Pacific Northwest has resulted in unique agroecosystems, which in turn has affected long term carbon storage and transport. In this study we quantified temporal and spatial hydrologic carbon fluxes at three watershed scales (~10 ha, ~5,000 ha and ~900,000 ha) and under two tillage practices (conventional and no-till). Additionally we tested the ability of the Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model to simulate present and future field scale variability in runoff and soil carbon erosion from a ~10 ha field catchment managed under conventional tillage practices. Samples were collected on an event basis for water years 2012 and 2013 using automated ISCO samplers at all locations. Samples were analyzed for dissolved organic carbon (DOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), and suspended sediment concentrations (SSC). Results indicate that (DOC) concentrations did not significantly vary with discharge at all sampling locations but DOC concentrations were two times greater from the no-till catchment while total organic carbon loads were 97% less than those observed at the conventional till catchment. Future climate predictions with the WEPP model indicate that sediment and loads will be equivalent to historic levels (>20 Mg ha -1 ) and slightly higher than current rates for runoff and carbon. Understanding the variability in hydrology as well as the trends in carbon export is an essential first step in the development of carbon budgets and full scale cropping models capable of evaluating precision-based carbon loss mitigation strategies.
Author: Neil Thomas Winn
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Water
Languages : en
Pages : 30
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Book Description
We use remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) tools to develop simple predictive models to define relationships between watershed variables known to influence lake DOC concentrations and lake water color in the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness in Montana and Wyoming, USA. Variables examined include watershed area, topography, and vegetation cover. The resulting GIS model predicts DOC concentrations at the lake watershed scale with a high degree of accuracy (R2 = 0.92; p =
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 980
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Author: Donald B. Porcella
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9789401040693
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xiv PART I MERCURY AND HUMAN HEALTH B. WHEATLEY and S. PARADIS I Exposure of Canadian Aboriginal Peoples to Methylmercury 3-11 M. GIRARD and C. DUMONT I Exposure of James Bay Cree to Methylmercury during Pregnancy for the Years 1983-91 13-19 M. RICHARDSON, M. MITCHELL, S. COAD and R. RAPHAEL I Exposure to Mercury in Canada: A Multimedia Analysis 21-30 M. RICHARDSON, M. EGYED and D. J. CURRIE I Human Exposure to Mercury may Decrease as Acidic Deposition Increases 31-39 L. E. FLEMING, S. WATKINS, R. KADERMAN, B. LEVIN, D. R. AVYAR, M. BIZZIO, D. STEPHENS and J. A. BEAN I Mercury Exposure in Humans through Food Consumption from the Everglades of Florida 41-48 J. M. GEARHART, H. J. CLEWELL III, K. S. CRUMP, A. M. SHIPP and A. SILVERS I Pharmacokinetic Dose Estimates of Mercury in Children and Dose-Response Curves of Performance Tests in a Large Epidemiological Study 49-58 I. SKARE I Mass Balance and Systemic Uptake of Mercury Released from Dental Amalgam Fillings 59-67 J. DELLINGER, N. KMIECIK, S. GERSTENBERGER and H. NGU I Mercury Contamina tion of Fish in the Ojibwa Diet: I. Walleye Fillets and Skin-On versus Skin-Off Sampling 69-76 J. DELLINGER, L. MALEK and M. BEATTIE I Mercury Contamination of Fish in the Ojibwa Diet: II. Sensory Evoked Responses in Rats Fed Walleye 77-83 H. AKAGI, O. MALM, F. J. P. BRANCHES, Y. KINJO, Y. KASHIMA, J. R. D. GUIMARAES, R. B. OLIVEIRA, K. HARAGUCHI, W. C. PFEIFFER, Y.
Author: Thomas Adler
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Acid pollution of rivers, lakes, etc
Languages : en
Pages : 98
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Book Description
Variability in export of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from forested headwater catchments has been attributed to an array of hydrologic, biotic and geochemical drivers. In the Northeast United States specifically, one of the most commonly cited drivers is recovery from acid rain. A major challenge in understanding DOC dynamics has been relating long-term regional trends and patterns to catchment-scale processes and we address this challenge by integrating data driven and experimental methods to analyze trends and processes across spatial scales. On the regional scale, we quantify long-term trends of stream DOC concentrations in USGS headwater catchments with flow adjusted Seasonal Kendall tests. We then compared trend results to catchment attributes compiled in a comprehensive and publicly available dataset (i.e. Catchment Attributes and MEteorology for Large-sample Studies (CAMELS)). Our trend analyses showed notable spatial and temporal variability in export patterns across the Northeast United States. Only for data prior to 2004 increasing stream DOC correlated with decreasing atmospheric sulfate deposition, confirming a transient effect of recovery from acidification. Investigation of climatic, topographic and hydrologic catchment attributes vs. directionality of DOC indicated that soil depth and catchment connectivity as additional driver of DOC exports. At the catchment scale, we tested specific process hypotheses on the role of changes in rain composition (ionic strength (IS) and pH variations) on soils in highly connected riparian vs. disconnected hillslope soils. We performed leaching experiments in replicate on top-soil cores from two forested headwater catchments in the Northeast, the SSHCZO in Pennsylvania and the SRRW in Vermont. These catchments were subjected to sulfate deposition and are now recovering. Compared to SSHCZO, SRRW soils released more DOC under neutral pH and low IS conditions (i.e. recovering conditions); scanning electron microscope imaging indicates a significant DOC contribution from destabilizing soil aggregates. Furthermore, soils from less hydrologically connected landscape positions released significantly more DOC in most cases, confirming the important role landscape position in DOC generation. Overall, our results at regional and local scales are consistent and link local process explanations to regional patterns.
Author: Nicholas C. Sonntag
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aquatic ecology
Languages : en
Pages : 36
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Book Description
The challenge facing the Great Lakes research community is to develop a conceptual framework that includes all components of the ecosystem but which can still be understood. The Council of Great Lakes Research Managers concluded that a single model would not meet both criteria; instead, submodels are required to build the necessary foundation for a conceptual framework. To make the model understandable and for all pieces to fit, it must include social and natural science specialists who are experts on the various ecosystem components, and thus can provide definitive information. As a group, they can translate the ecosystem model into understandable language for decision- makers to use in and implementing various management strategies for the Great Lakes ecosystem. The conceptual framework outlined in this workshop report can be developed into an operational network that can provide a logical focus for coordinated analysis of important policy issues spanning many sectors in the basin.
