Some Aspects of Energy Transfer in Atomic and Molecular Collisions PDF Download
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Author: George Elias Zahr
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 314
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Author: George Elias Zahr
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 314
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Book Description
Author: R. E. Johnson
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1468484486
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 294
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Book Description
In working with graduate students in engineering physics at the University of Virginia on research problems in gas kinetics, radiation biology, ion materials interactions, and upper-atmosphere chemistry, it became quite apparent that there was no satisfactory text available to these students on atomic and molecular collisions. For graduate students in physics and quantum chemistry and researchers in atomic and molecular interactions there are a large number of excellent advanced texts. However, for students in applied science, who require some knowledge and understanding of col lision phenomena, such texts are of little use. These students often have some background in modern physics and/or chemistry but lack graduate level course work in quantum mechanics. Such students, however, tend to have a good intuitive grasp of classical mechanics and have been exposed to wave phenomena in some form (e. g. , electricity and magnetism, acoustics, etc. ). Further, their requirements in using collision processes and employing models do not generally include the use of formal scattering theory, a large fraction of the content of many advanced texts. In fact, most researchers who work in the area of atomic and molecular collisions tend to pride themselves on their ability to describe results using simple theoretical models based on classical and semiclassical methods.
Author:
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ISBN:
Category : Atoms
Languages : en
Pages : 356
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Author: Richard Barry Bernstein
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461329132
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 785
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Book Description
The broad field of molecular collisions is one of considerable current interest, one in which there is a great deal of research activity, both experi mental and theoretical. This is probably because elastic, inelastic, and reactive intermolecular collisions are of central importance in many of the fundamental processes of chemistry and physics. One small area of this field, namely atom-molecule collisions, is now beginning to be "understood" from first principles. Although the more general subject of the collisions of polyatomic molecules is of great im portance and intrinsic interest, it is still too complex from the viewpoint of theoretical understanding. However, for atoms and simple molecules the essential theory is well developed, and computational methods are sufficiently advanced that calculations can now be favorably compared with experimental results. This "coming together" of the subject (and, incidentally, of physicists and chemists !), though still in an early stage, signals that the time is ripe for an appraisal and review of the theoretical basis of atom-molecule collisions. It is especially important for the experimentalist in the field to have a working knowledge of the theory and computational methods required to describe the experimentally observable behavior of the system. By now many of the alternative theoretical approaches and computational procedures have been tested and intercompared. More-or-Iess optimal methods for dealing with each aspect are emerging. In many cases working equations, even schematic algorithms, have been developed, with assumptions and caveats delineated.
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Author:
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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It is maintained that quenching of 0(1D) by collision with N2 and the ionization of Na by collision with vibrationally excited N2 proceed via the formation of a collision complex. Once the complex is formed, even a weak coupling between the two states involved, can induce a large transition probability because the crossing seam of the two potential energy surfaces is passed many times during the life of the complex. Qualitatively reasonable potential energy surfaces for 0(1D) + N2 are constructed and classical trajectory calculations carried out to show that the cross section for complex formation is indeed appreciable; a statistical model is used to determine the quenching probability of the complex; results are in good agreement with experiment. Ab initio (SCF) potential energy surface calculations are carried out for N2-Na, N2-Na, and N−2-Na systems; the points are fit to simple standard functions; a statistical model is developed for the ionization of Na by vibrationally excited N2. The classical S-Matrix theory is applied to rotational excitation of CO by collision with He; the results are in qualitative agreement with quantum mechanical calculation.
Author: Franco A. Gianturco
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1475797974
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 374
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Book Description
The collision of electrons with molecules and molecular ions is a fundamental pro cess in atomic and molecular physics and in chemistry. At high incident electron en ergies, electron-molecule collisions are used to deduce molecular geometries, oscillator strengths for optically allowed transitions, and in the case of electron-impact ionization, to probe the momentum distribution of the molecule itself. When the incident electron energy is comparable to or below those of the molecular valence electrons, the physics involved is particularly rich. Correlation and exchange effects necessary to describe such collision processes bear a close resemblance to similar efft:cts in the theory of electronic structure in molecules. Compound state formations, in the form of resonances and vir tual states, manifest themselves in experimental observables which provide details of the electron-molecule interactions. Ro-vibrational excitations by low-energy electron collisions exemplify energy transfer between the electronic and nuclear motion. The role of nonadiabatic interaction is raised here. When the final vibrational state is in the continuum, molecular dissociation occurs. Dissociative recombination and dissociative attachment are examples of such fragmentation processes. In addition to its fundamental nature, the study of electron-molecule collisions is also motivated by its relation to other fields of study and by its technological appli cations. The study of planetary atmospheres and the interstellar medium necessarily involve collision processes of electrons with molecules and molecular ions.
Author: Dzevad Belkic
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9811211620
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 371
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Book Description
This book is based upon a part of the invited and contributing talks at the 25th International Symposium on Ion-Atom Collisions, ISIAC (biennial), held on July 23-25, 2017 in Palm Cove, Queensland, Australia. To aid the general reader, all the authors tried to present their chapters in the context of the development of the addressed particular themes and the underlying major ideas and intricacies. Some chapters contain new results that have not been previously published elsewhere. Whenever possible, the authors made their attempts to connect the basic research in atomic and molecular collision physics with some important applications in other branches of physics as well as across the physics borders. It is hoped that the material presented in this book will be interesting and useful to the beginners and specialists alike. The contents and expositions are deemed to be helpful to the beginners in assessing the potential overlap of some of the presented material with their own research themes and this might provide motivations for possible further upgrades. Likewise, specialists could take advantage of these reviews to see where the addressed themes were and where they are going, in order to acknowledge the fruits of the efforts made thus far and actively contribute to tailoring the directions of future research. Overall, this book is truly interdisciplinary. It judiciously combines experiments and theories within particle collision physics on atomic and molecular levels. It presents state-of-the-art fundamental research in this field. It addresses the possibilities for significant and versatile applications outside standard atomic and molecular collision physics ranging from astrophysics, surface as well as cluster physics/chemistry, hadron therapy in medicine and to the chemical industry. It is then, as Volume 2, fully in the spirit of the 'Aims and Scope' of this book series by reference to its 'Mission Statement'.
Author: W. Miller
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461588677
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 329
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Book Description
Activity in any theoretical area is usually stimulated by new experimental techniques and the resulting opportunity of measuring phenomena that were previously inaccessible. Such has been the case in the area under consideration here beginning about fifteen years ago when the possibility of studying chemical reactions in crossed molecular beams captured the imagination of physical chemists, for one could imagine investigating chemical kinetics at the same level of molecular detail that had previously been possible only in spectroscopic investigations of molecular stucture. This created an interest among chemists in scattering theory, the molecular level description of a bimolecular collision process. Many other new and also powerful experimental techniques have evolved to supplement the molecular beam method, and the resulting wealth of new information about chemical dynamics has generated the present intense activity in molecular collision theory. During the early years when chemists were first becoming acquainted with scattering theory, it was mainly a matter of reading the physics literature because scattering experiments have long been the staple of that field. It was natural to apply the approximations and models that had been developed for nuclear and elementary particle physics, and although some of them were useful in describing molecular collision phenomena, many were not. The most relevant treatise then available to students was Mott and Massey's classic The Theory of Atomic Collisions, * but, as the title implies, it dealt only sparingly with the special features that arise when at least one of the collision partners is a molecule.
Author: F. A. Gianturco
Publisher: Springer
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 348
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Book Description
I I These Lecture Notes are intended as an introduction to the theoretical formulation and computational aspects of the molecular energy transfer processes which take place in an increasingly sophisticated range of molecular scattering experiments. They are directed to chemistry graduate students and emphasize the quantum mechanical approach, with little or no attention to classical and semiƯ classical treatments or to formal presentations. Several Sections of the first Chapters are based on lectures given at the Graduate School of Physics of the University of Genoa a few years ago and I thank the students for their sense of duty in following to the end all those noƯ tation-filled blackboards and transparencies. The kind patience of my wife Carolyn in reading the whole manuscript and improving its form is gratefully acknowledged. Franco A. Gianturco Bari, September 1978 CON TEN T S FOREWORD I NTRODUCTI ON Page 1. A RESUME OF QUANTUM MECHANICAL POTENTIAL SCATTERING 1. 1. General formulation of the problem Page 5 1. 2. Solutions of the radial equation 10 " 1. 3. The method of partial waves 13 1. 4. Some properties of 61. The Born appro~imation 18 1. 5. Properties of the S-matrix: bound states and resonances 23 1. 6. Classical and semiclassical scattering, a set of defi- tions 34 References 44 2. POTENTIAL ENERGY HYPERSURFACE CALCULATIONS FOR SIMPLE SYSTEMS 2. 1. Kinematic considerations 45 2. 2. General development of a priori method 52 2. 3. Some approximate treatments 68 2. 4.
Author: Isao Shimamura
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461323576
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 578
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Book Description
Scattering phenomena play an important role in modern physics. Many significant discoveries have been made through collision experiments. Amongst diverse kinds of collision systems, this book sheds light on the collision of an electron with a molecule. The electron-molecule collision provides a basic scattering problem. It is scattering by a nonspherical, multicentered composite particle with its centers having degrees of freedom of motion. The molecule can even disintegrate, Le., dissociate or ionize into fragments, some or all of which may also be molecules. Although it is a difficult problem, the recent theoretical, experimental, and computational progress has been so significant as to warrant publication of a book that specializes in this field. The progress owes partly to technical develop ments in measurements and computations. No less important has been the great and continuing stimulus from such fields of application as astrophysics, the physics of the earth's upper atmosphere, laser physics, radiation physics, the physics of gas discharges, magnetohydrodynamic power generation, and so on. This book aims at introducing the reader to the problem of electron molecule collisions, elucidating the physics behind the phenomena, and review ing, to some extent, up-to-date important results. This book should be appropri ate for graduate reading in physics and chemistry. We also believe that investi gators in atomic and molecular physics will benefit much from this book.
