Solid Solutions in Silicate and Oxide systems PDF Download
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Author: C.A. Geiger
Publisher: The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland
ISBN: 9634631347
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 410
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Book Description
Author: C.A. Geiger
Publisher: The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland
ISBN: 9634631347
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 410
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Book Description
Author: N. A. Toropov
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1468472097
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 221
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Book Description
The ever-increasing importance of chemical reactions at high and superhigh temperatures in crystalline, amorphous, and semicrystalline SOlids, as well as the reactions of these solids with gases, prompted the authors of this book to examine critically the literature available in this field and to present a general review of the subject. In this monograph we discuss those chemical and physicochemical points which we consider to be most important for solving a series of problems in the preparation and use of new inorganic materials. We hope that this book will be of interest to the many specialists working on inorganic materials. N. A. Toropov PREFACE Modem technology demands ever more materials with high mechanical strength, heat and chemical re sistance, fire resistance, special electrical properties, particular behavior toward active radiations, etc. The search for such materials requires the study of various chemical compounds, metallic alloys, and other fused in organic systems, especially oxide systems. Materials based on oxides begin to assume increasing importance in many fields of the new technology. In this connection the investigation of oxides and systems consisting of two and more oxides is expanding greatly.
Author: Michael L. Jaeck
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483287149
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 319
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Book Description
The lead smelting industry has been experiencing increasing pressures on several fronts - pressure to reduce energy usage, to reduce overall cost of production, to improve environmental conditions associated with production, to improve recycling of waste lead products and to develop new markets and applications. These pressures have resulted in the development of new low cost, energy efficient processes achieving new standards of process emissions.
Author: Ian S. E. Carmichael
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN: 1501508954
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 516
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Book Description
Volume 17 of Reviews in Mineralogy is based on a short course, entitled "Thermodynamic Modeling of Geological Materials: Minerals, Fluids amd Melts," October 22-25, 1987, at the Wickenburg Inn near Phoenix, Arizona. Contents: Thermodynamic Analysis of Phase Equilibria in Simple Mineral Systems Models of Crystalline solutions Thermodynamics of Multicomponent Systems Containing Several Solid Solutions Thermodynamic Model for Aqueous Solutions of Liquid-like Density Models of Mineral Solubility in Concentrated Brines with Application to Field Observations Calculation of the Thermodynamic Properties of Aqueous Species and the Solubilities of Minerals in Supercritical Electrolyte Solutions Igneous Fluids Ore Fluids: Magmatic to Supergene Thermodynamic Models of Molecular Fluids at the Elevated Pressures and Temperatures of Crustal Metamorphism Mineral Solubilities and Speciation in Supercritical Metamorphic Fluids Development of Models for Multicomponent Melts: Analysis of Synthetic Systems Modeling Magmatic Systems: Thermodynamic Relations Modeling Magmatic Systems: Petrologic Applications
Author: Pascal Richet
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118799399
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 1566
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Book Description
A comprehensive and up-to-date encyclopedia to the fabrication, nature, properties, uses, and history of glass The Encyclopedia of Glass Science, Technology, History, and Culture has been designed to satisfy the needs and curiosity of a broad audience interested in the most varied aspects of material that is as old as the universe. As described in over 100 chapters and illustrated with 1100 figures, the practical importance of glass has increased over the ages since it was first man-made four millennia ago. The old-age glass vessels and window and stained glass now coexist with new high-tech products that include for example optical fibers, thin films, metallic, bioactive and hybrid organic-inorganic glasses, amorphous ices or all-solid-state batteries. In the form of scholarly introductions, the Encyclopedia chapters have been written by 151 noted experts working in 23 countries. They present at a consistent level and in a self-consistent manner these industrial, technological, scientific, historical and cultural aspects. Addressing the most recent fundamental advances in glass science and technology, as well as rapidly developing topics such as extra-terrestrial or biogenic glasses, this important guide: Begins with industrial glassmaking Turns to glass structure and to physical, transport and chemical properties Deals with interactions with light, inorganic glass families and organically related glasses Considers a variety of environmental and energy issues And concludes with a long section on the history of glass as a material from Prehistory to modern glass science The Encyclopedia of Glass Science, Technology, History, and Culture has been written not only for glass scientists and engineers in academia and industry, but also for material scientists as well as for art and industry historians. It represents a must-have, comprehensive guide to the myriad aspects this truly outstanding state of matter.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mineralogy
Languages : en
Pages : 560
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Book Description
Author: D.G. Fraser
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401012520
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 408
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Book Description
It has long been realized that the mineral assemblages of igneous and metamorphic rocks may reflect the approach of a rock to chemical eCluilibrium during its formation. However progress in the application of chemical thermodynamics to geological systems has been hindered since the time of Bowen and the other early physical-chemical petrologists by the recurring Cluandary of the experimental geologist. His systems are complex and are experimentally intractable, but if they were not so refractory they would not be there to study at all. It is only recently that accurate measurements of the thermodynamic properties of pure, or at least well-defined minerals, melts and volatile fluid phases, combined with experimental and theoretical studies of their mixing properties, have made it possible to calculate the eCluilibrium conditions for particular rock systems. Much work is now in progress to extend the ranges of com position and conditions for which sufficient data exist to enable such calculations to be made. Moreover the routine availability of the electron microprobe will ensure that the demand for such information will continue to increase. The thermodynamic techniClues reCluired to apply these data to geological problems are intrinsically simple and merely involve the combination of appropriate standard state data together with corrections for the effects of solution in natural minerals, melts or volatile fluids.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mineralogy
Languages : en
Pages : 344
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Book Description
Author: Alexander A. Demkov
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402030789
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 477
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Book Description
This book presents materials fundamentals of novel gate dielectrics that are being introduced into semiconductor manufacturing to ensure the continuous scalling of the CMOS devices. This is a very fast evolving field of research so we choose to focus on the basic understanding of the structure, thermodunamics, and electronic properties of these materials that determine their performance in device applications. Most of these materials are transition metal oxides. Ironically, the d-orbitals responsible for the high dielectric constant cause sever integration difficulties thus intrinsically limiting high-k dielectrics. Though new in the electronics industry many of these materials are wel known in the field of ceramics, and we describe this unique connection. The complexity of the structure-property relations in TM oxides makes the use of the state of the art first-principles calculations necessary. Several chapters give a detailed description of the modern theory of polarization, and heterojunction band discontinuity within the framework of the density functional theory. Experimental methods include oxide melt solution calorimetry and differential scanning calorimetry, Raman scattering and other optical characterization techniques, transmission electron microscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Many of the problems encounterd in the world of CMOS are also relvant for other semiconductors such as GaAs. A comprehensive review of recent developments in this field is thus also given. The book should be of interest to those actively engaged in the gate dielectric research, and to graduate students in Materials Science, Materials Physics, Materials Chemistry, and Electrical Engineering.
Author: Alfred Broadhead Searle
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Ceramic industries
Languages : en
Pages : 728
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Book Description
