Silicon Nanowire Based Sensor for Highly Sensitive and Selective Detection of Ammonia PDF Download
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Author: Cindy Schmädicke
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Cindy Schmädicke
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: Hangbo Zhao
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 97
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Book Description
The goal of this research was to fabricate and characterize vertically aligned silicon nanowire gas sensors. Silicon nanowires are very attractive for gas sensing applications and vertically aligned silicon nanowires are preferred over horizontal nanowires for gas sensing due to the high density of nanowire arrays and the increased nanowire surface area per substrate area. However, the development of such devices has been limited by a number of challenges. Two of the key challenges in fabricating vertical silicon nanowire sensors are the difficulty of making electrical contact to the tops of the wires and the large serial resistance of the substrate. In this thesis, highly ordered, dense arrays of vertically aligned silicon nanowires in patterned areas have been fabricated utilizing metal assisted chemical etching (MACE) in combination with interference lithography. In addition, we report a novel and simple approach for making reliable top electrical contacts by using tilted electron beam evaporation with a custom-built rotation plate. A suspended metal top contact layer was formed on vertically aligned silicon nanowires using this approach. We have also systematically investigated the contact behavior between silicon nanowires and metal electrodes with different nanowire doping and contact materials. Ohmic contact was formed between the suspended top metal layer and the tips of silicon nanowires. We have also solved the serial resistance problem by using lightly doped epitaxial silicon films (needed for the sensors) on heavily doped substrates. Based on these techniques and design considerations, we have successfully fabricated vertically aligned silicon nanowire field effect gas sensors. Finally, we have demonstrated highly sensitive detection of hydrogen, oxygen, 10 ppm (parts-per-million, 10-6) ammonia and nitrogen dioxide gases using the fabricated sensor devices at room temperature. The sensors have exhibited the highest sensitivity per unit chip area for hydrogen, oxygen and 10 ppm NH3 gases at room temperature, among other vertically aligned silicon nanowire based gas sensors reported. Further improvements of the current sensor devices can be made to accelerate response and recovery of gas sensing.
Author: Ram K. Gupta
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000844072
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 429
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Book Description
This comprehensive resource covers the fundamentals of synthesis, characterizations, recent progress, and applications of nanowires for many emerging applications. Early chapters address their unique properties and morphology that enable their electronic, optical, and mechanical properties to be tuned. Later chapters address future perspectives and future challenges in areas where nanowires could provide possible solutions. All chapters are written by global experts, making this a suitable textbook for students and an up-to-date handbook for researchers and industry professionals working in physics, chemistry, materials, energy, biomedical, and nanotechnology. Covers materials, chemistry, and technologies for nanowires. Covers the state-of-the-art progress and challenges in nanowires. Provides fundamentals of the electrochemical behavior of various electrochemical devices and sensors. Offers insights on tuning the properties of nanowires for many emerging applications. Provides a new direction and understanding to scientists, researchers, and students.
Author: Fan Ren
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439813876
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 326
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Book Description
Sales of U.S. chemical sensors represent the largest segment of the multi-billion-dollar global sensor market, which includes instruments for chemical detection in gases and liquids, biosensors, and medical sensors. Although silicon-based devices have dominated the field, they are limited by their general inability to operate in harsh environments faced with factors such as high temperature and pressure. Exploring how and why these instruments have become a major player, Semiconductor Device-Based Sensors for Gas, Chemical, and Biomedical Applications presents the latest research, including original theoretical and experimental work. It also explains how these investigations have translated into applications and products. Written by experts in the field, the chapters review cutting-edge progress on semiconductor and nanomaterial-based sensors. An excellent introduction to the subject, this book is also an outstanding reference for those working on different sensor applications. It addresses various subfields, including: GaN-based sensor arrays for quick and reliable medical testing Optical sensors Wireless remote hydrogen sensing systems MOS-based, thin-film, and nanowire-based sensors The wide-bandgap semiconductor sensors discussed in this book offer many advantages as replacements for silicon-based sensors, including their high chemical resistance, high-temperature operation, and blue and ultraviolet optoelectronic behaviors. Although assays exist for biomedical detection, they are limited by various factors. Nanomaterial devices, such as the sensors examined in this book, are currently the best option for moving toward fast, label-free, sensitive, and selective multiple-detection systems for biological and medical sensing applications. Providing sufficient background information and technical detail, this is an excellent resource for advanced level undergraduate and graduate students as well as researchers in gas, chemical, biological, and medical sensors.
Author: Raivo Jaaniso
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
ISBN: 0081025602
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 512
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Book Description
Semiconductor Gas Sensors, Second Edition, summarizes recent research on basic principles, new materials and emerging technologies in this essential field. Chapters cover the foundation of the underlying principles and sensing mechanisms of gas sensors, include expanded content on gas sensing characteristics, such as response, sensitivity and cross-sensitivity, present an overview of the nanomaterials utilized for gas sensing, and review the latest applications for semiconductor gas sensors, including environmental monitoring, indoor monitoring, medical applications, CMOS integration and chemical warfare agents. This second edition has been completely updated, thus ensuring it reflects current literature and the latest materials systems and applications. - Includes an overview of key applications, with new chapters on indoor monitoring and medical applications - Reviews developments in gas sensors and sensing methods, including an expanded section on gas sensor theory - Discusses the use of nanomaterials in gas sensing, with new chapters on single-layer graphene sensors, graphene oxide sensors, printed sensors, and much more
Author: James E. Morris
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1466565241
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 940
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Book Description
Nanoelectronic Device Applications Handbook gives a comprehensive snapshot of the state of the art in nanodevices for nanoelectronics applications. Combining breadth and depth, the book includes 68 chapters on topics that range from nano-scaled complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) devices through recent developments in nano capacitors and AlGaAs/GaAs devices. The contributors are world-renowned experts from academia and industry from around the globe. The handbook explores current research into potentially disruptive technologies for a post-CMOS world. These include: Nanoscale advances in current MOSFET/CMOS technology Nano capacitors for applications such as electronics packaging and humidity sensors Single electron transistors and other electron tunneling devices Quantum cellular automata and nanomagnetic logic Memristors as switching devices and for memory Graphene preparation, properties, and devices Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), both single CNT and random network Other CNT applications such as terahertz, sensors, interconnects, and capacitors Nano system architectures for reliability Nanowire device fabrication and applications Nanowire transistors Nanodevices for spintronics The book closes with a call for a new generation of simulation tools to handle nanoscale mechanisms in realistic nanodevice geometries. This timely handbook offers a wealth of insights into the application of nanoelectronics. It is an invaluable reference and source of ideas for anyone working in the rapidly expanding field of nanoelectronics.
Author: Aakash Deep
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128174579
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 162
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Book Description
Advances in Nanosensors for Biological and Environmental Analysis presents the current state-of-art in nanosensors for biological and environmental analysis, also covering commercial aspects. Broadly, the book provides detailed information on the emergence of different types of nanomaterials as transduction platforms used in the development of nanosensors. These include carbon nanotubes, graphene, 2-D transition metal dichalcogenides, conducting polymers and metal organic frameworks. Additional topics include sections on the way nanosensors have inspired new product development in various types of biological and environmental applications that are currently available and on the horizon. - Features detailed information on various types of biological and environmental nanosensors - Gives particular attention to the different categories of advanced functional interfaces, processes for their development, and application areas - Includes the current state-of-the-art in terms of commercial aspects
Author: Mohammad Adel Ghiass
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 159
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Author: Klaus D. Sattler
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351649590
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1133
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Book Description
This comprehensive tutorial guide to silicon nanomaterials spans from fundamental properties, growth mechanisms, and processing of nanosilicon to electronic device, energy conversion and storage, biomedical, and environmental applications. It also presents core knowledge with basic mathematical equations, tables, and graphs in order to provide the reader with the tools necessary to understand the latest technology developments. From low-dimensional structures, quantum dots, and nanowires to hybrid materials, arrays, networks, and biomedical applications, this Sourcebook is a complete resource for anyone working with this materials: Covers fundamental concepts, properties, methods, and practical applications. Focuses on one important type of silicon nanomaterial in every chapter. Discusses formation, properties, and applications for each material. Written in a tutorial style with basic equations and fundamentals included in an extended introduction. Highlights materials that show exceptional properties as well as strong prospects for future applications. Klaus D. Sattler is professor physics at the University of Hawaii, Honolulu, having earned his PhD at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich. He was honored with the Walter Schottky Prize from the German Physical Society, and is the editor of the sister work also published by Taylor & Francis, Carbon Nanomaterials Sourcebook, as well as the acclaimed multi-volume Handbook of Nanophysics.
Author: C N Ram Rao
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1782626271
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 503
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Book Description
Research and literature on nanomaterials has exploded in volume in recent years. Nanotubes (both of carbon and inorganic materials) can be made in a variety of ways, and they demonstrate a wide range of interesting properties. Many of these properties, such as high mechanical strength and interesting electronic properties relate directly to potential applications. Nanowires have been made from a vast array of inorganic materials and provide great scope for further research into their properties and possible applications. This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date survey of the research areas of carbon nanotubes, inorganic nanotubes and nanowires including: synthesis; characterisation; properties; applications Nanotubes and Nanowires includes an extensive list of references and is ideal both for graduates needing an introduction to the field of nanomaterials as well as for professionals and researchers in academia and industry.
