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Author: Tomasz Witkowski
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030500039
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 331
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Book Description
Shaping Psychology is a unique collection of in-depth conversations with a selection of the most influential psychologists working today, conducted at the end of a decade that shook psychological science. They provide insights into the controversies at the heart of contemporary psychology, revealing a clash of visions of what psychological science is all about and what its future holds. They are candid on the crisis in psychology and explore its causes, consequences and how to overcome it. They also discuss challenges in the field, their careers, and the experiences that shaped their worldview. Those interviewed include pioneers who have shaped psychology as we know it today and who represent a wide range of specializations, from research to mental health practice, mainstream psychology to critical psychology and neuroscience to the Open Science movement. Elizabeth F. Loftus, Stanford University, USA Jerome Kagan, Harvard University, USA Michael I. Posner, University of Oregon, USA Scott O. Lilienfeld, Emory University, USA Robert J. Sternberg, Cornell University, USA Robert Plomin, King’s College London, UK Susan J. Blackmore, University of Plymouth, UK Joseph E. LeDoux, New York University, USA Noam Chomsky, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA Roy F. Baumeister, University of Queensland, Australia Erica Burman, University of Manchester, UK Brian A. Nosek, University of Virginia, USA Vikram H. Patel, Harvard Medical School, USA Daniel Kahneman, Princeton University, USA Carol A. Tavris, independent academic, USA,
Author: Tomasz Witkowski
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030500039
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 331
Get Book
Book Description
Shaping Psychology is a unique collection of in-depth conversations with a selection of the most influential psychologists working today, conducted at the end of a decade that shook psychological science. They provide insights into the controversies at the heart of contemporary psychology, revealing a clash of visions of what psychological science is all about and what its future holds. They are candid on the crisis in psychology and explore its causes, consequences and how to overcome it. They also discuss challenges in the field, their careers, and the experiences that shaped their worldview. Those interviewed include pioneers who have shaped psychology as we know it today and who represent a wide range of specializations, from research to mental health practice, mainstream psychology to critical psychology and neuroscience to the Open Science movement. Elizabeth F. Loftus, Stanford University, USA Jerome Kagan, Harvard University, USA Michael I. Posner, University of Oregon, USA Scott O. Lilienfeld, Emory University, USA Robert J. Sternberg, Cornell University, USA Robert Plomin, King’s College London, UK Susan J. Blackmore, University of Plymouth, UK Joseph E. LeDoux, New York University, USA Noam Chomsky, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA Roy F. Baumeister, University of Queensland, Australia Erica Burman, University of Manchester, UK Brian A. Nosek, University of Virginia, USA Vikram H. Patel, Harvard Medical School, USA Daniel Kahneman, Princeton University, USA Carol A. Tavris, independent academic, USA,
Author: David G. Myers
Publisher: Macmillan
ISBN: 9780716715443
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 772
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Book Description
David Myers's bestselling brief text has opened millions of students' eyes to the world of psychology. Through vivid writing and integrated use of the SQ3R learning system (Survey, Question, Read, Rehearse, Review), Myers offers a portrait of psychology that captivates students while guiding them to a deep and lasting understanding of the complexities of this field.
Author: L.S. Hearnshaw
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 100076737X
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 420
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Book Description
Originally published in 1987, The Shaping of Modern Psychology presents a systematic survey of the development of psychology from the dawn of civilization to the late 1980s. Psychology as we find it today has been shaped by many influences, philosophical, theological, scientific, medical and sociological. It has deep roots in the whole history of human thought, and its significance cannot be properly appreciated without an understanding of the way it has developed. This book covers the history of modern psychology from its animistic beginnings, through the Greek philosophers and the Christian theologians, and developments such as the Scientific Revolution, to the time of first publication. The author drew on many years’ teaching experience in the subject and on a lifetime’s interest in psychology. The growth of psychology had been particularly impressive during the twentieth century and Professor Hearnshaw also looked to the future of the discipline. He showed that the new vistas opening out in fields such as neuropsychology, information theory and artificial intelligence, for example, were hopeful indications for the future, provided the lessons of the past were not forgotten. With the benefit of hindsight, we now know that he was right!
Author: Marco Dorigo
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 9780262041645
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 238
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Book Description
foreword by Lashon Booker To program an autonomous robot to act reliably in a dynamic environment is a complex task. The dynamics of the environment are unpredictable, and the robots' sensors provide noisy input. A learning autonomous robot, one that can acquire knowledge through interaction with its environment and then adapt its behavior, greatly simplifies the designer's work. A learning robot need not be given all of the details of its environment, and its sensors and actuators need not be finely tuned. Robot Shaping is about designing and building learning autonomous robots. The term "shaping" comes from experimental psychology, where it describes the incremental training of animals. The authors propose a new engineering discipline, "behavior engineering," to provide the methodologies and tools for creating autonomous robots. Their techniques are based on classifier systems, a reinforcement learning architecture originated by John Holland, to which they have added several new ideas, such as "mutespec," classifier system "energy,"and dynamic population size. In the book they present Behavior Analysis and Training (BAT) as an example of a behavior engineering methodology.
Author: Judith Worell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 266
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Book Description
Shaping the Future of Feminist Psychology explores how widely held feminist tenets, such as empowerment, diversity, and the value of all voices, can be integrated across the field of psychology. Each chapter presents a set of principles to guide future development in various areas of psychology and explores practices that embody these principles. /// The volume will be of interest to psychologists who wish to incorporate feminist principles into their work and to educators who wish to institute gender-sensitive curriculum within undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral training. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2004 APA, all rights reserved).
Author: Lily Bernheimer
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781595349712
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 336
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Book Description
An international exploration of how our physical environments shape and define us
Author: Tadeusz Wieslaw Zawidzki
Publisher: MIT Press
ISBN: 0262313286
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 342
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Book Description
A proposal that human social cognition would not have evolved without mechanisms and practices that shape minds in ways that make them easier to interpret. In this novel account of distinctively human social cognition, Tadeusz Zawidzki argues that the key distinction between human and nonhuman social cognition consists in our complex, diverse, and flexible capacities to shape each other's minds in ways that make them easier to interpret. Zawidzki proposes that such "mindshaping"—which takes the form of capacities and practices such as sophisticated imitation, pedagogy, conformity to norms, and narrative self-constitution—is the most important component of human social cognition. Without it, he argues, none of the other components of what he terms the "human sociocognitive syndrome," including sophisticated language, cooperation, and sophisticated "mindreading," would be possible. Challenging the dominant view that sophisticated mindreading—especially propositional attitude attribution—is the key evolutionary innovation behind distinctively human social cognition, Zawidzki contends that the capacity to attribute such mental states depends on the evolution of mindshaping practices. Propositional attitude attribution, he argues, is likely to be unreliable unless most of us are shaped to have similar kinds of propositional attitudes in similar circumstances. Motivations to mindshape, selected to make sophisticated cooperation possible, combine with low-level mindreading abilities that we share with nonhuman species to make it easier for humans to interpret and anticipate each other's behavior. Eventually, this led, in human prehistory, to the capacity to attribute full-blown propositional attitudes accurately—a capacity that is parasitic, in phylogeny and today, on prior capacities to shape minds. Bringing together findings from developmental psychology, comparative psychology, evolutionary psychology, and philosophy of psychology, Zawidzki offers a strikingly original framework for understanding human social cognition.
Author: Mark Schaller
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1134952422
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 390
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Book Description
Why do we think about and interact with other people in the particular ways that we do? Might these thoughts and actions be contemporary products of our long-ago evolutionary past? If so, how might this be, and what are the implications? Research generated by an evolutionary approach to social psychology issues profound insights into self-concept, impression formation, prejudice, group dynamics, helping, aggression, social influence, culture, and every other topic that is fundamental to social psychology. Evolution and Social Psychology is the first book to review and discuss this broad range of social psychological phenomena from an evolutionary perspective. It does so with a critical and constructive eye. Readers will emerge with a clear sense of the intellectual challenges, as well as the scientific benefits, of an evolutionarily-informed social psychology. The world-renowned contributors identify new questions, new theories, and new hypotheses—many of which are only now beginning to be tested. Thus, this book not only summarizes the current status of the field, it also sets an agenda for the next generation of research on evolution and social psychology. Evolution and Social Psychology is essential reading for evolutionary psychologists and social psychologists alike.
Author: C F Goodey
Publisher: Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
ISBN: 1409482359
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 400
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Book Description
Starting with the hypothesis that not only human intelligence but also its antithesis 'intellectual disability' are nothing more than historical contingencies, C.F. Goodey's paradigm-shifting study traces the rich interplay between labelled human types and the radically changing characteristics attributed to them. From the twelfth-century beginnings of European social administration to the onset of formal human science disciplines in the modern era, A History of Intelligence and 'Intellectual Disability' reconstructs the socio-political and religious contexts of intellectual ability and disability, and demonstrates how these concepts became part of psychology, medicine and biology. Goodey examines a wide array of classical, late medieval and Renaissance texts, from popular guides on conduct and behavior to medical treatises and from religious and philosophical works to poetry and drama. Focusing especially on the period between the Protestant Reformation and 1700, Goodey challenges the accepted wisdom that would have us believe that 'intelligence' and 'disability' describe natural, trans-historical realities. Instead, Goodey argues for a model that views intellectual disability and indeed the intellectually disabled person as recent cultural creations. His book is destined to become a standard resource for scholars interested in the history of psychology and medicine, the social origins of human self-representation, and current ethical debates about the genetics of intelligence.
Author: Robert C. Bishop
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000413993
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 215
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Book Description
This volume introduces the methodological value of hermeneutic dialogue in the field of theoretical and philosophical psychology. It reflects on the works of Frank Richardson, who has made, and continues to make, seminal contributions to the field, as well as having influenced the work of many of the practitioners engaged in this field today. Each chapter explores a major topic of hermeneutic dialogue and is authored by a scholar whose work has been directly impacted by Richardson's life and research. The chapters illuminate a variety of issues in psychology, such as instrumentalism, individualism, relationality, social ontology, the wisdom of limits, neoliberalism, and the idea that theory is a form of praxis. All contributions in this volume illustrate aspects of theory as practice coming to expression in reflection on theoretical and philosophical psychology and trace some of the implications for psychology, political philosophy, social justice, community, human dignity, and transcendence. This book will be a valuable resource for students and scholars of theoretical and philosophical psychology, philosophy of the mind, and personality theories.
