Sex Differences in Cancer Incidence, Mortality, and Survival: Methodological Perspectives PDF Download
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Author: Syed Ahsan Raza
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832552528
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 155
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Book Description
Population-based cancer registries across the world represent an important source of information on cancer incidence; these are used for many purposes, including a region-wise comparison of trends for different types of cancers and for generating hypotheses. Among the available statistics for studying cancer trends, the most valuable data is of ‘incidence rate’ that comes from recording every case of cancer in a defined geography in a specified time. But there is a downside in relying on published incidence rates from cancer registries. Namely, the published rates are not only determined by the real underlying cancer incidence rates, but also on such regional phenomena as access to diagnostic services/practices in the medical communities, quality and completeness of reporting of cancer diagnoses to the local cancer registries, quality of the cancer registry itself, and data management systems. These methodological aspects can vary from country to country and can even vary within countries.
Author: Syed Ahsan Raza
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832552528
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 155
Get Book Here
Book Description
Population-based cancer registries across the world represent an important source of information on cancer incidence; these are used for many purposes, including a region-wise comparison of trends for different types of cancers and for generating hypotheses. Among the available statistics for studying cancer trends, the most valuable data is of ‘incidence rate’ that comes from recording every case of cancer in a defined geography in a specified time. But there is a downside in relying on published incidence rates from cancer registries. Namely, the published rates are not only determined by the real underlying cancer incidence rates, but also on such regional phenomena as access to diagnostic services/practices in the medical communities, quality and completeness of reporting of cancer diagnoses to the local cancer registries, quality of the cancer registry itself, and data management systems. These methodological aspects can vary from country to country and can even vary within countries.
Author: Gabriele Doblhammer
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319723561
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 302
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Book Description
This open access book examines the triangle between family, gender, and health in Europe from a demographic perspective. It helps to understand patterns and trends in each of the three components separately, as well as their interdependencies. It overcomes the widely observable specialization in demographic research, which usually involves researchers studying either family or fertility processes or focusing on health and mortality. Coverage looks at new family and partnership forms among the young and middle-aged, their relationship with health, and the pathways through which they act. Among the old, lifelong family biography and present family situation are explored. Evidence is provided that partners advancing in age start to resemble each other more closely in terms of health, with the health of the partner being a crucial factor of an individual’s own health. Gender-specific health outcomes and pathways are central in the designs of the studies and the discussion of the results. The book compares twelve European countries reflecting different welfare state regimes and offers country-specific studies conducted in Austria, Germany, Italy - all populations which have received less attention in the past - and Sweden. As a result, readers discover the role of different concepts of family and health as well as comparisons within European countries and ethnic groups. It will be an insightful resource for students, academics, policy makers, and researchers that will help define future research in terms of gender and public health.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309255716
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 424
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Book Description
In the late 1980s, the National Cancer Institute initiated an investigation of cancer risks in populations near 52 commercial nuclear power plants and 10 Department of Energy nuclear facilities (including research and nuclear weapons production facilities and one reprocessing plant) in the United States. The results of the NCI investigation were used a primary resource for communicating with the public about the cancer risks near the nuclear facilities. However, this study is now over 20 years old. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission requested that the National Academy of Sciences provide an updated assessment of cancer risks in populations near USNRC-licensed nuclear facilities that utilize or process uranium for the production of electricity. Analysis of Cancer Risks in Populations near Nuclear Facilities: Phase 1 focuses on identifying scientifically sound approaches for carrying out an assessment of cancer risks associated with living near a nuclear facility, judgments about the strengths and weaknesses of various statistical power, ability to assess potential confounding factors, possible biases, and required effort. The results from this Phase 1 study will be used to inform the design of cancer risk assessment, which will be carried out in Phase 2. This report is beneficial for the general public, communities near nuclear facilities, stakeholders, healthcare providers, policy makers, state and local officials, community leaders, and the media.
Author: Karin B. Michels
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400724942
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 450
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Book Description
The exploding field of epigenetics is challenging the dogma of traditional Mendelian inheritance. Epigenetics plays an important role in shaping who we are and contributes to our prospects of health and disease. While early epigenetic research focused on plant and animal models and in vitro experiments, population-based epidemiologic studies increasingly incorporate epigenetic components. The relevance of epigenetic marks, such as DNA methylation, genomic imprinting, and histone modification for disease causation has yet to be fully explored. This book covers the basic concepts of epigenetic epidemiology, discusses challenges in study design, analysis, and interpretation, epigenetic laboratory techniques, the influence of of age and environmental factors on shaping the epigenome, the role of epigenetics in the developmental origins hypothesis, and provides the state of the art on the epigenetic epidemiology of various health conditions including childhood syndromes, cancer, infectious diseases, inflammation and rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders, psychiatric disorders, diabetes, obesity and metabolic disorders, and atherosclerosis. With contributions from: Peter Jones, Jean-Pierre Issa, Gavin Kelsey, Robert Waterland, and many other experts in epigenetics!
Author: National Cancer Institute (U.S.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cancer
Languages : en
Pages : 322
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Book Description
Author: Archie W. Bleyer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540681523
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 538
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Book Description
This is the first comprehensive book devoted exclusively to cancer in adolescents and young adults. It compiles medical, epidemiological, biological, psychological, and emotional issues of young adults’ oncology. The emphasis is on the differences of the "same" cancer in younger and older patients. Model programs specially designed to care for patients in the age group and surveillance of long-term adverse effects are reviewed.
Author: Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309133343
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 422
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Book Description
This book is the seventh in a series of titles from the National Research Council that addresses the effects of exposure to low dose LET (Linear Energy Transfer) ionizing radiation and human health. Updating information previously presented in the 1990 publication, Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation: BEIR V, this book draws upon new data in both epidemiologic and experimental research. Ionizing radiation arises from both natural and man-made sources and at very high doses can produce damaging effects in human tissue that can be evident within days after exposure. However, it is the low-dose exposures that are the focus of this book. So-called “late” effects, such as cancer, are produced many years after the initial exposure. This book is among the first of its kind to include detailed risk estimates for cancer incidence in addition to cancer mortality. BEIR VII offers a full review of the available biological, biophysical, and epidemiological literature since the last BEIR report on the subject and develops the most up-to-date and comprehensive risk estimates for cancer and other health effects from exposure to low-level ionizing radiation.
Author: Giovanna Gatti
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319163787
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 91
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Book Description
This book explains how telemedicine can offer solutions capable of improving the care and survival rates of cancer patients and can also help patients to live a normal life in spite of their condition. Different fields of application – community, hospital and home based – are examined, and detailed attention is paid to the use of tele-oncology in rural/extreme rural settings and in developing countries. The impact of new technologies and the opportunities afforded by the social web are both discussed. The concluding chapters consider eLearning in relation to cancer care and assess the scope for education to improve prevention. No medical condition can shatter people’s lives as cancer does today and the need to develop strategies to reduce the disease burden and improve quality of life is paramount. Readers will find this new volume in Springer’s TELe Health series to be a rich source of information on the important contribution that can be made by telemedicine in achieving these goals.
Author: Kerry S. Courneya
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642042317
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 389
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Book Description
This book explores in depth the relation between physical activity and cancer control, including primary prevention, coping with treatments, recovery after treatments, long-term survivorship, secondary prevention, and survival. The first part of the book presents the most recent research on the impact of physical activity in preventing a range of cancers. In the second part, the association between physical activity and cancer survivorship is addressed. The effects of physical activity on supportive care endpoints (e.g., quality of life, fatigue, physical functioning) and disease endpoints (e.g., biomarkers, recurrence, survival) are carefully analyzed. In addition, the determinants of physical activity in cancer survivors are discussed, and behavior change strategies for increasing physical activity in cancer survivors are appraised. The final part of the book is devoted to special topics, including the relation of physical activity to pediatric cancer survivorship and to palliative cancer care.
Author: Sabine Oertelt-Prigione
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0857298321
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 211
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Book Description
This book is a concise, easy to read professional text with a focus on practical aspects. All chapters include tables on sex/gender differences in symptoms and management and a series of suggestions to the novice in the field. Chapters are specialty-specific. The focus is not on women’s health, but the presentation of differences in clinical symptoms, management and outcomes in women and men. Gender Medicine strives to employ the knowledge about these differences to improve diagnosis, better understand pathogenesis and advance patient-oriented therapy.
