Sensitivity of Fire Behavior Simulations to Fuel Model Variations PDF Download
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Author: Lucy Anne Salazar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fires
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Book Description
Stylized fuel models, or numerical descriptions of fuel arrays, are used as inputs to fire behavior simulation models. These fuel models are often chosen on the basis of generalized fuel descriptions, which are related to field observations. Site-specific observations of fuels or fire behavior in the field are not readily available or necessary for most fire management planning situations. Fuels are thought of in general terms and a single fuel model is often assigned to represent large areas of land. Variations in weather, which can substantially affect fire behavior, are not reflected in the available aids for selecting fuel models. The sensitivity of simulated fire behavior variables to the 13 fire behavior fuel models and two-fuel-model alternatives was analyzed. The two-fuel-model concept demonstrated the effect of combining fuel models on simulated fire behavior results.
Author: Lucy Anne Salazar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fires
Languages : en
Pages : 18
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Book Description
Stylized fuel models, or numerical descriptions of fuel arrays, are used as inputs to fire behavior simulation models. These fuel models are often chosen on the basis of generalized fuel descriptions, which are related to field observations. Site-specific observations of fuels or fire behavior in the field are not readily available or necessary for most fire management planning situations. Fuels are thought of in general terms and a single fuel model is often assigned to represent large areas of land. Variations in weather, which can substantially affect fire behavior, are not reflected in the available aids for selecting fuel models. The sensitivity of simulated fire behavior variables to the 13 fire behavior fuel models and two-fuel-model alternatives was analyzed. The two-fuel-model concept demonstrated the effect of combining fuel models on simulated fire behavior results.
Author: Lucy Anne Salazar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fires
Languages : en
Pages : 11
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Book Description
Author: Lucy A. Salazar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 11
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Book Description
Author: Joe H. Scott
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fire management
Languages : en
Pages : 84
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Book Description
This report describes a new set of standard fire behavior fuel models for use with Rothermels surface fire spread model and the relationship of the new set to the original set of 13 fire behavior fuel models. To assist with transition to using the new fuel models, a fuel model selection guide, fuel model crosswalk, and set of fuel model photos are provided.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
The recent trends in wildland fires have created a level of motivation that requires natural resource managers to predict fires through the use of computer based simulation programs. Using vegetation maps delineated from large-scale aerial photography and fuel loading values collected from fieldwork, I simulated how fire would react to changes in fuel model assignments for Booker T. Washington National Monument (BOWA) and George Washington Birthplace National Monument using FARSITE, a fire simulation program. The environments for these fires were based on weather and fuel conditions found during the summer and fall months for each area. Sample points, stratified by vegetation formation, were selected. Then, field measurements using Brown's transect lines and Burgan and Rothermel ocular procedures were used to calculate the amount of fuel loading in tons/acre for each sample point. These values were then used to assign a fuel load to each vegetation formation class. Then each vegetation polygon on the map was assigned one of the thirteen National Fire Fuel Laboratory fuel models based on fuel load, vegetation type, and overall structure of the surrounding area. The sampling results showed a one to one correspondence of fuel model to vegetation formation. The sensitivity of FARSITE was tested by changing fuel model layers within FARSITE while holding all other variables constant (e.g., weather, moisture, etc.). Rate of spread and fire line intensity were used to compare the differences between the simulations using different fuel models. The results from the simulations showed that there was little sensitivity to changes in the assignment of fuel models for forested vegetation for these sites. The rate of spread and fire line intensity for grass fuel models showed sensitivity to changes in fuel model assignment.
Author: Philip M. McDonald
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Clearcutting
Languages : en
Pages : 796
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Book Description
In a 1964-1967 study on the Challenge Experimental Forest, seedfall was evaluated in 2-, 5-, and 10-acre circular clearcuttings. During the 4 years, 10 seed crops, ranging from light to bumper, were produced by ponderosa pine. white fir, Douglas-fir, and incense cedar. Seedfall ranged from 76 to 40,691 sound seed per acre (188 to 100,547/ha) for a single species in a given year. From 89 to 100 percent of each species' seed fell within an area 1 1/2 times the height of the average dominant tree. Overall, seed distribution was highly variable.
Author: Patricia L. Andrews
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fire testing
Languages : en
Pages : 134
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Book Description
Describes BURN Subsystem, Part 1, the operational fire behavior prediction subsystem of the BEHAVE fire behavior prediction and fuel modeling system. The manual covers operation of the computer program, assumptions of the mathematical models used in the calculations, and application of the predictions.
Author: Joe H. Scott
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fire management
Languages : en
Pages : 80
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Book Description
Author: Robert E. Burgan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fire testing
Languages : en
Pages : 132
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Book Description
Author: Lucy Anne Salazar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Fire weather
Languages : en
Pages : 16
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Book Description
Data that represent average worst fire weather for a particular area are used to index daily fire danger; however, they do not account for different locations or diurnal weather changes that significantly affect fire behavior potential. To study the effects that selected changes in weather databases have on computed fire behavior parameters, weather data for the northern Rocky Mountains were treated as probability distributions, then used in computer simulation to estimate distributions of rate-of-spread (ROS) and fireline intensity (FLI). Sensitivity of ROS and FLl to weather input changes was analyzed by varying the source and amount of weather data, and diurnally adjusting temperature and relative humidity. In eight representative cases, a minimum amount of data produced the lowest cumulative probabilities of ROS and FLl, and data from a higher elevation produced the highest values. For long-term planning, within the region studied, a small subset of weather data distributions was adequate for estimating probabilistic distributions of ROS and FLI. Joint probabilities of ROS and FLI differed substantially among test cases. Fire behavior values obtained with observed data were higher than those obtained with diurnally adjusted data. The simulation techniques used are appropriate for use in long-term fire management planning models.
