Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from Select Volatile Organic Compounds PDF Download
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Author: Chia-Li Chen
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781339182704
Category : Aerosols
Languages : en
Pages : 150
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Book Description
This thesis enhances our understanding of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from select anthropogenic sources including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), PAHs mixed with m -xylene and an atmospheric surrogate, and unburned whole gasoline vapors. Major SOA chemical characteristics and physical properties were explored along with SOA formation within the UCR CE-CERT environmental chamber.
Author: Chia-Li Chen
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781339182704
Category : Aerosols
Languages : en
Pages : 150
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Book Description
This thesis enhances our understanding of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from select anthropogenic sources including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), PAHs mixed with m -xylene and an atmospheric surrogate, and unburned whole gasoline vapors. Major SOA chemical characteristics and physical properties were explored along with SOA formation within the UCR CE-CERT environmental chamber.
Author: Quentin Gerald James Malloy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aerosols
Languages : en
Pages : 414
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Book Description
Author: Hardik Surendra Amin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 550
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Book Description
Aerosols are either emitted directly into the atmosphere or are generated in the atmosphere; the latter process forms secondary organic aerosol (SOA). One of the important sources for SOA is the oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by OH radicals, NOx, and O 3. Aerosol can be visualized as suspended solid or liquid particle which is in equilibrium with surrounding gases. The products of SOA formation is a mixture of semi volatile organic compounds and a fraction of the products are condensable under atmospheric conditions. The condensable portion of aerosol is called particulate matter (PM) and these suspended particles can range in diameter from a few nanometers to microns. PM can impact climate through direct and indirect radiative forcing and can degrade air quality by reducing visibility and causing detrimental health effects. SOA can also form indoors, which also contributes to the health risk of PM. The severe impact of PM on human health and climate drives the scientific community to investigate the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and their potential to form SOA, as well as the factors that alter the efficiency of SOA generation and the type of products. In a similar pursuit, the focus of this dissertation is the investigation of the SOA precursors that are emitted from trees and how they vary as a function of insect infestation. Also, the role of mixtures of VOCs as SOA precursors are investigated; commercial and lab made VOC mixtures are studied for SOA generation, product analysis, and absorption characteristics of aged SOA.
Author: Lijie Li
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781369092509
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 274
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Book Description
Understanding secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation is of critical importance to public health and global climate. SOA formation from anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is influenced by NO, precursor molecular structure, oxidation conditions and other factors. This dissertation explores the impact of NO effect and molecular structure for two categories of VOCs at urban atmosphere relevant conditions by utilizing the state of art 90 m3 UCR/CE-CERT chamber facilities.
Author: Lindsay Diana Yee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electronic dissertations
Languages : en
Pages : 466
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Book Description
The photooxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the atmosphere can lead to the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), a major component of fine particulate matter. Improvements to air quality require insight into the many reactive intermediates that lead to SOA formation, of which only a small fraction have been measured at the molecular level. This thesis describes the chemistry of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from several atmospherically relevant hydrocarbon precursors. Photooxidation experiments of methoxyphenol and phenolic compounds and C12 alkanes were conducted in the Caltech Environmental Chamber. These experiments include the first photooxidation studies of these precursors run under sufficiently low NOx levels, such that RO2 + HO2 chemistry dominates, an important chemical regime in the atmosphere. Using online Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometery (CIMS), key gas-phase intermediates that lead to SOA formation in these systems were identified. With complementary particle-phase analyses, chemical mechanisms elucidating the SOA formation from these compounds are proposed. Three methoxyphenol species (phenol, guaiacol, and syringol) were studied to model potential photooxidation schemes of biomass burning intermediates. SOA yields (ratio of mass of SOA formed to mass of primary organic reacted) exceeding 25% are observed. Aerosol growth is rapid and linear with the organic conversion, consistent with the formation of essentially non-volatile products. Gas and aerosol-phase oxidation products from the guaiacol system show that the chemical mechanism consists of highly oxidized aromatic species in the particle phase. Syringol SOA yields are lower than that of phenol and guaiacol, likely due to unique chemistry dependent on methoxy group position. The photooxidation of several C12 alkanes of varying structure n-dodecane, 2-methylundecane, cyclododecane, and hexylcyclohexane) were run under extended OH exposure to investigate the effect of molecular structure on SOA yields and photochemical aging. Peroxyhemiacetal formation from the reactions of several multifunctional hydroperoxides and aldehyde intermediates was found to be central to organic growth in all systems, and SOA yields increased with cyclic character of the starting hydrocarbon. All of these studies provide direction for future experiments and modeling in order to lessen outstanding discrepancies between predicted and measured SOA.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 34
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Book Description
Organic aerosol is an important fraction of the fine particulate matter present in the atmosphere. This organic aerosol comes from a variety of sources; primary organic aerosol emitted directly from combustion process, and secondary aerosol formed in the atmosphere from condensable vapors. This secondary organic aerosol (SOA) can result from both anthropogenic and biogenic sources. In rural areas of the United States, organic aerosols can be a significant part of the aerosol load in the atmosphere. However, the extent to which gas-phase biogenic emissions contribute to this organic load is poorly understood. Such an understanding is crucial to properly apportion the effect of anthropogenic emissions in these rural areas that are sometimes dominated by biogenic sources. To help gain insight on the effect of biogenic emissions on particle concentrations in rural areas, we have been conducting a field measurement program at the University of California Blodgett Forest Research Facility. The field location includes has been used to acquire an extensive suite of measurements resulting in a rich data set, containing a combination of aerosol, organic, and nitrogenous species concentration and meteorological data with a long time record. The field location was established in 1997 by Allen Goldstein, a professor in the Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management at the University of California at Berkeley to study interactions between the biosphere and the atmosphere. The Goldstein group focuses on measurements of concentrations and whole ecosystem biosphere-atmosphere fluxes for volatile organic compounds (VOC's), oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOC's), ozone, carbon dioxide, water vapor, and energy. Another important collaborator at the Blodgett field location is Ronald Cohen, a professor in the Chemistry Department at the University of California at Berkeley. At the Blodgett field location, his group his group performs measurements of the concentrations of important gas phase nitrogen compounds. Experiments have been ongoing at the Blodgett field site since the fall of 2000, and have included portions of the summer and fall of 2001, 2002, and 2003. Analysis of both the gas and particle phase data from the year 2000 show that the particle loading at the site correlates with both biogenic precursors emitted in the forest and anthropogenic precursors advected to the site from Sacramento and the Central Valley of California. Thus the particles at the site are affected by biogenic processing of anthropogenic emissions. Size distribution measurements show that the aerosol at the site has a geometric median diameter of approximately 100 nm. On many days, in the early afternoon, growth of nuclei mode particles (
Author: Huiming Gong
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aerosols
Languages : en
Pages : 162
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Book Description
Author: Kevin Alan Scott Goodman-Rendall
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Andebo Abesha Waza
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783659647727
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 84
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Book Description
Climate change is one of the biggest challenges facing the world in the 21st century. Human activities, like combustion of fossil fuel result in emissions of different radiation-modifying substances like aerosol particles and greenhouse gases that have a profound influence on our climate system through either by warming or cooling earth's surface. Green leaf volatiles (GLVs) are an important component of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) released by vegetation during mechanical damage, herbivory attack, pathogen infection and abiotic stress. They play a major role in contributing to the formation of secondary organic aerosol particles in atmosphere. The main objective of this book was to examine the formation of secondary organic aerosol particles from ozonolysis of various GLVs (trans-2-hexenal, cis-3-hexenol and 3-hexynyl acetate) by using series of chamber experiments performed in humid conditions ( 50% RH).
![Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from Reactions of Linear, Branched and Cyclic Alkanes with OH Radicals in the Presence of NO[subscript X] PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/Z7Ee4ssJGoQC?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Yong Bin Lim
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Aerosols
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
