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Author: B. F. Skinner
Publisher: B. F. Skinner Foundation
ISBN: 0989983951
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 794
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Book Description
The contingent relationship between actions and their consequences lies at the heart of Skinner’s experimental analysis of behavior. Particular patterns of behavior emerge depending upon the contingencies established. Ferster and Skinner examined the effects of different schedules of reinforcement on behavior. An extraordinary work, Schedules of Reinforcement represents over 70,000 hours of research primarily with pigeons, though the principles have now been experimentally verified with many species including human beings. At first glance, the book appears to be an atlas of schedules. And so it is, the most exhaustive in existence. But it is also a reminder of the power of describing and explaining behavior through an analysis of measurable and manipulative behavior-environment relations without appealing to physiological mechanisms in the brain. As en exemplar and source for the further study of behavioral phenomena, the book illustrates the scientific philosophy that Skinner and Ferster adopted: that a science is best built from the ground up, from a firm foundation of facts that can eventually be summarized as scientific laws.
Author: B. F. Skinner
Publisher: B. F. Skinner Foundation
ISBN: 0989983951
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 794
Get Book Here
Book Description
The contingent relationship between actions and their consequences lies at the heart of Skinner’s experimental analysis of behavior. Particular patterns of behavior emerge depending upon the contingencies established. Ferster and Skinner examined the effects of different schedules of reinforcement on behavior. An extraordinary work, Schedules of Reinforcement represents over 70,000 hours of research primarily with pigeons, though the principles have now been experimentally verified with many species including human beings. At first glance, the book appears to be an atlas of schedules. And so it is, the most exhaustive in existence. But it is also a reminder of the power of describing and explaining behavior through an analysis of measurable and manipulative behavior-environment relations without appealing to physiological mechanisms in the brain. As en exemplar and source for the further study of behavioral phenomena, the book illustrates the scientific philosophy that Skinner and Ferster adopted: that a science is best built from the ground up, from a firm foundation of facts that can eventually be summarized as scientific laws.
Author: Sam Goldstein
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 038777579X
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This reference work breaks new ground as an electronic resource. Utterly comprehensive, it serves as a repository of knowledge in the field as well as a frequently updated conduit of new material long before it finds its way into standard textbooks.
Author: Jeffrey S. Nevid
Publisher: Cengage Learning
ISBN: 9780357601891
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Did you know that Facebook use can affect grades, and that only about 1% of students in a research study could correctly draw the Apple logo? Written in an engaging style that speaks directly to readers with examples of psychological concepts drawn from daily life, this brief introductory text makes the study of psychology interesting while providing solid grounding in the subject's knowledge base to help you succeed in the course. With built-in learning aids, ESSENTIALS OF PSYCHOLOGY: CONCEPTS AND APPLICATIONS, 5th Edition features an effective learning system that helps you absorb and remember important information. In MindTap, the text's online learning experience, you'll fine author podcasts and videos that you can access from your smart phone, direct links to TEDTalks, interactive learning activities, cool apps, and more.
Author: Werner K. Honig
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000528871
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 710
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Book Description
This classic edition of the Handbook of Operant Behavior presents seminal work in the field of learning and behavior, foreshadowing a new direction for learning research, and presenting many questions that remain unanswered. Featuring impressive contributions from leading figures across the field—ranging from N. J. Mackintosh from what was to become the cognitive school through Morse, Kelleher, Hutchinson, and Hineline on the neglected topic of aversive control to Blough and Blough on psychophysics to Philip Teitelbaum on behavioral physiology—the book is a must-read for anyone interested in human and animal learning. In a newly written introduction, J. E. R. Staddon highlights several issues that deserve more attention: how language is learned and syntax evolves, how animals choose, and a new paradigm for the study of learning in general. The book is essential reading for all students and researchers of learning and behavior, and aims to encourage researchers to revisit some of the fascinating behavioral questions raised by the original book.
Author: Richard J. Herrnstein
Publisher: Harvard University Press
ISBN: 9780674001770
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 350
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Book Description
This impressive collection features Richard Herrnstein's most important and original contributions to the social and behavioral sciences--his papers on choice behavior in animals and humans and on his discovery and elucidation of a general principle of choice called the matching law. In recent years, the most popular theory of choice behavior has been rational choice theory. Developed and elaborated by economists over the past hundred years, it claims that individuals make choices in such a way as to maximize their well-being or utility under whatever constraints they face; that is, people make the best of their situations. Rational choice theory holds undisputed sway in economics, and has become an important explanatory framework in political science, sociology, and psychology. Nevertheless, its empirical support is thin. The matching law is perhaps the most important competing explanatory account of choice behavior. It views choice not as a single event or an internal process of the organism but as a rate of observable events over time. It states that instead of maximizing utility, the organism allocates its behavior over various activities in exact proportion to the value derived from each activity. It differs subtly but significantly from rational choice theory in its predictions of how people exert self-control, for example, how they decide whether to forgo immediate pleasures for larger but delayed rewards. It provides, through the primrose path hypothesis, a powerful explanation of alcohol and narcotic addiction. It can also be used to explain biological phenomena, such as genetic selection and foraging behavior, as well as economic decision making.
Author: B. F. Skinner
Publisher: B. F. Skinner Foundation
ISBN: 0989983935
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 350
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Book Description
B. F. Skinner titled this book, Contingencies of Reinforcement, after the heart of his science of behavior. Contingencies relate classes of actions to postcedent events and to the contexts in which those action-postcedent relations occur. The basic processes seem straightforward, but many people do not know or understand the underlying theory. Skinner believed that ‘a theory is essential to the scientific understanding of behavior as a subject matter”. This book presents some of Skinner’s most sophisticated statements about theoretical issues. To his original articles, he added notes to clarify and expand subtle points. The book thus provides an overview of Skinner’s thinking about theory and the philosophy underpinning the science he began.
Author: Fred R. Volkmar
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781461464358
Category : Autism in children
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Iver H. Iversen
Publisher: Elsevier Publishing Company
ISBN:
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 416
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Book Description
This volume is dedicated to the late B.F. Skinner as a tribute to his pioneering work on the experimental analysis of behaviour. This science that he initiated studies the behaviour of individual organisms under laboratory conditions. The volume describes a broad collection of representative and effective research techniques in the experimental analysis of behaviour; techniques derived solely from infrahuman subjects, which have been selected both for their utility in behaviour analysis and for their potential value in expanding the use of behaviour analysis in the neurosciences. By bringing together under one cover the expertise of individual authors regarding techniques based on their particular laboratory experiences, the book provides an informative and practical source of methods and techniques for those practising or interested in experimental analysis of behaviour.
Author: David C. Evans
Publisher: Apress
ISBN: 1484225805
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 269
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Book Description
Learn the psychological constrictions of attention, perception, memory, disposition, motivation, and social influence that determine whether customers will be receptive to your digital innovations. Bottlenecks: Aligning UX Design with User Psychology fills a need for entrepreneurs, designers, and marketing professionals in the application of foundational psychology to user-experience design. The first generation of books on the topic focused on web pages and cognitive psychology. This book covers apps, social media, in-car infotainment, and multiplayer video games, and it explores the crucial roles played by behaviorism, development, personality, and social psychology. Author David Evans is an experimental psychology Ph.D. and senior manager of consumer research at Microsoft who recounts high-stakes case studies in which behavioral theory aligned digital designs with the bottlenecks in human nature to the benefit of users and businesses alike. Innova tors in design and students of psychology will learn: The psychological processes determining users’ perception of, engagement with, and recommendation of digital innovations Examples of interfaces before and after simple psychological alignments that vastly enhanced their effectiveness Strategies for marketing and product development in an age of social media and behavioral targeting Hypotheses for research that both academics and enterprises can perform to better meet users’ needs Who This Book Is For Designers and entrepreneurs will use this book to give their innovations an edge on what are increasingly competitive platforms such as apps, bots, in-car apps, augmented reality content. Usability researchers and market researchers will leverage it to enhance their consulting and reporting. Students and lecturers in psychology departments will want it to help land employment in the private sector. Praise “Bottlenecks’ is a tight and eminently actionable read for business leaders in startups and enterprises alike. Evans gives us a rich sense of key psychological processes and even richer examples of them in action.” - Nir Eyal, Author of Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products “Clients frequently ask our UX researchers and designers for deeper truths about why certain designs work and others fail. Bottlenecks offers practical explanations and evidence based on the idea that human cognition did not begin with the digital age.” - John Dirks, UX Director and Partner, Blink UX “Bottlenecks brings together two very important aspects of user experience design: understanding users and translating this into business impact. A must-read for anyone who wants to learn both.” - Josh Lamar, Sr. UX Lead, Microsoft Outlook
Author: Samuel E. Wood
Publisher: Prentice Hall
ISBN: 9780205763733
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
More than any other full-length text on the market, The World of Psychology supports student learning while helping students make the connection between scientific principles and everyday life. The Seventh Edition of Wood/Wood/Boyd's World of Psychology continues to respond to the changing needs of today's diverse student population. Students and instructors will benefit from exciting enhancements in content, pedagogy, and design while enjoying the accessible and engaging presentation that have made this text so successful over the years.
