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Author: Magali Galey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 124
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Book Description
Les services d'urgences sont en première ligne de la prise en charge des patients grippés. Bien que son diagnostic soit clinique, certaines situations nécessitent une confirmation microbiologique. Peu de recommandations encadrent l'utilisation des nouveaux tests diagnostiques par RT-PCR rapide de la grippe dans les services d'urgences adultes. L'objectif principal était d'étudier la mise en application d'un protocole de service précisant les indications de réalisation du test diagnostique de la grippe dans un service d'urgences adultes. L'objectif secondaire était d'étudier l'intérêt de ce test pour les patients en ayant bénéficié. Méthode : Il s'agit une analyse observationnelle descriptive rétrospective de l'utilisation de ce nouveau test dans le service des urgences adultes du centre hospitalier Saint Joseph-St Luc de Lyon, durant l'épidémie grippale 2015-2016. Résultats : Entre le 05/02/2016 et le 10/04/2016, sur les 75 patients ayant bénéficié d'une RT-PCR grippe, seuls 7 (9%) ne présentaient aucune des indications retenues au préalable pour la réalisation du test diagnostique. Sur ces 75 patients, 36 ont été positifs (48%). Nous considérons qu'entre 61% et 75% des tests revenus positifs ont été réalisés de façon légitime, permettant en ambulatoire une épargne de gestes invasifs, d'hospitalisation ou d'antibiothérapie, et en hospitalisation une aide à la gestion des isolements Conclusions : La grippe est de diagnostic clinique, et sa confirmation microbiologique par test diagnostique rapide par RT-PCR doit rester l'exception. Aux urgences, l'encadrement des conditions de réalisation par un protocole de service semble efficace pour cibler les indications du test, et éviter son utilisation trop systématique.
Author: Magali Galey
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 124
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Book Description
Les services d'urgences sont en première ligne de la prise en charge des patients grippés. Bien que son diagnostic soit clinique, certaines situations nécessitent une confirmation microbiologique. Peu de recommandations encadrent l'utilisation des nouveaux tests diagnostiques par RT-PCR rapide de la grippe dans les services d'urgences adultes. L'objectif principal était d'étudier la mise en application d'un protocole de service précisant les indications de réalisation du test diagnostique de la grippe dans un service d'urgences adultes. L'objectif secondaire était d'étudier l'intérêt de ce test pour les patients en ayant bénéficié. Méthode : Il s'agit une analyse observationnelle descriptive rétrospective de l'utilisation de ce nouveau test dans le service des urgences adultes du centre hospitalier Saint Joseph-St Luc de Lyon, durant l'épidémie grippale 2015-2016. Résultats : Entre le 05/02/2016 et le 10/04/2016, sur les 75 patients ayant bénéficié d'une RT-PCR grippe, seuls 7 (9%) ne présentaient aucune des indications retenues au préalable pour la réalisation du test diagnostique. Sur ces 75 patients, 36 ont été positifs (48%). Nous considérons qu'entre 61% et 75% des tests revenus positifs ont été réalisés de façon légitime, permettant en ambulatoire une épargne de gestes invasifs, d'hospitalisation ou d'antibiothérapie, et en hospitalisation une aide à la gestion des isolements Conclusions : La grippe est de diagnostic clinique, et sa confirmation microbiologique par test diagnostique rapide par RT-PCR doit rester l'exception. Aux urgences, l'encadrement des conditions de réalisation par un protocole de service semble efficace pour cibler les indications du test, et éviter son utilisation trop systématique.
Author: Maud Hablot
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Study objective: To investigate the performance of a rapid RT-PCR assay to detect influenza A/B at emergency department admission. Methods: This single-center prospective study recruited adult patients attending the emergency department for influenza-like illness. Triage nurses performed nasopharyngeal swab samples and ran rapid RT-PCR assays using a dedicated device (cobas® Liat, Roche Diagnostics, Meylan, France) located at triage. The same swab sample was also analyzed in the department of virology using conventional RT-PCR techniques. Patients were included 24 hours-a-day, 7 days-a-week. The primary outcome was the diagnostic accuracy of the rapid RT-PCR assay performed at triage. Results: A total of 187 patients were included over 11 days in January 2018. Median age was 70 years (interquartile range 44 to 84) and 95 (51%) were male. Nine (5%) assays had to be repeated due to failure of the first assay. The sensitivity of the rapid RT-PCR assay performed at triage was 0.98 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.91 - 1.00) and the specificity was 0.99 (95% CI: 0.94 - 1.00). A total of 92 (49%) assays were performed at night-time or during the weekend. The median time from patient entry to rapid RT-PCR assay results was 46 [interquartile range 36 - 55] minutes. Conclusion: Rapid RT-PCR assay performed by nurses at triage to detect influenza A/B is feasible and highly accurate.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9241548371
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 442
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Book Description
The Pocket Book is for use by doctors nurses and other health workers who are responsible for the care of young children at the first level referral hospitals. This second edition is based on evidence from several WHO updated and published clinical guidelines. It is for use in both inpatient and outpatient care in small hospitals with basic laboratory facilities and essential medicines. In some settings these guidelines can be used in any facilities where sick children are admitted for inpatient care. The Pocket Book is one of a series of documents and tools that support the Integrated Managem.
Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241549554
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
"Hypoxaemia is a major contributor to child deaths that occur worldwide each year; for a child with pneumonia hypoxaemia increases the risk of death by up to 5 times. Despite its importance in virtually all types of acute severe illness, hypoxaemia is often not well recognized or well managed, more so in settings where resources are limited. Oxygen therapy remains an inaccessible luxury for a large proportion of severely ill children admitted to hospitals in developing countries. This is particularly true for patients in small district hospitals, where, even if some facility for delivering oxygen is available, supplies are often unreliable and the benefits of treatment may be diminished by poorly maintained, inappropriate equipment or poorly trained staff with inadequate guidelines. Increasing awareness of these problems is likely to have considerable clinical and public health benefits in the care of severely ill children. Health workers should be able to know the clinical signs that suggest the presence of hypoxaemia and have more reliable means of detection of hypoxeamia. This can be achieved through more widespread use of pulse oximetry, which is a non-invasive measure of arterial oxygen saturation. At the same time oxygen therapy must be more widely available; in many remote settings, this can be achieved by use of oxygen concentrators, which can run on regular or alternative sources of power. Having effective systems for the detection and management of hypoxaemia are vital in reducing mortality from pneumonia and other severe acute illnesses. Oxygen therapy is essential to counter hypoxaemia and many times is the difference between life and death. This manual focuses on the availability and clinical use of oxygen therapy in children in health facilities by providing the practical aspects for health workers, biomedical engineers, and administrators. It addresses the need for appropriate detection of hypoxaemia, use of pulse oximetry, clinical use of oxygen and delivery systems and monitoring of patients on oxygen therapy. In addition, the manual addresses practical use of pulse oximetry, and oxygen concentrators and cylinders in an effort to improve oxygen systems worldwide."--Publisher's description.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO)
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 192
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Book Description
Author: B. W. J. Mahy
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540271090
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 185
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Book Description
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) has been recognized in printed records dating from the sixteenth century, and since the eradication of rinderpest (cattle plague) in the early part of the twentieth century it has been rec- nized as the most important and feared disease of cattle and other dom- tic livestock. The beginning of the twenty-first century brought the worst outbreak of FMD ever experienced in England, which had been completely free of the disease for 33 years. This tragic epidemic, which spread to Northern Ireland, Scotland, France and the Netherlands with severe e- nomic consequences, emphasized the need for further research into better methods for the detection and control of the disease. FMD is caused by a small RNA virus which is highly contagious and can survive in meat and other animal products for long periods at normal pH levels. The virus typically infects cloven-hoofed animals, including c- tle, goats, pigs and sheep, as well as a wide range of non-domesticated a- mals in regions of the world where FMD virus is endemic, such as the Af- can continent. There are seven recognized serotypes of FMD virus, with numerous subtypes, and as a consequence vaccine production and administration is complex and a major debate surrounds every disease outbreak regarding the relative merits of vaccination as opposed to the slaughter of all infected animals.
Author: Linda Diann Urden
Publisher: Saunders
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1242
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Book Description
Focusing on critical care nursing, this full-color text provides an examination of the important aspects of critical care nursing. It is organized in ten units around alterations in body systems.
Author: Peter Baldwin
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 113942615X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 599
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Book Description
This book is a groundbreaking study of the historical reasons for the divergence in public health policies adopted in Britain, France, Germany and Sweden, and the spectrum of responses to the threat of contagious diseases such as cholera, smallpox and syphilis. In particular the book examines the link between politics and prevention. Did the varying political regimes influence the styles of precaution adopted? Or was it, as Peter Baldwin argues, a matter of more basic differences between nations, above all their geographic placement in the epidemiological trajectory of contagion, that helped shape their responses and their basic assumptions about the respective claims of the sick and of society, and fundamental political decisions for and against different styles of statutory intervention? Thus the book seeks to use medical history to illuminate broader questions of the development of statutory intervention and the comparative and divergent evolution of the modern state in Europe.
Author: Jakob Zinsstag
Publisher: CABI
ISBN: 1789242576
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 459
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Book Description
One Health, the concept of combined veterinary and human health, has now expanded beyond emerging infectious diseases and zoonoses to incorporate a wider suite of health issues. Retaining its interdisciplinary focus which combines theory with practice, this new edition illustrates the contribution of One Health collaborations to real-world issues such as sanitation, economics, food security and vaccination programmes. It includes more non-infectious disease issues and climate change discussion alongside revised case studies and expanded methodology chapters to draw out implications for practice. Promoting an action-based, solutions-oriented approach, One Health: The Theory and Practice of Integrated Health Approaches highlights the lessons learned for both human and animal health professionals and students.
Author: Jay W Forrester
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781935056188
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 392
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Book Description
Jay W. Forrester (1918 - 2016) was a pioneering American computer engineer and systems scientist. He was a professor at MIT and later at MIT Sloan School of Management. Forrester is credited with being one of the inventors of magnetic core memory, the creator of the first computer animation, and the father of the field of System Dynamics - a computer-aided approach for strategy and policy design. In Principles of Systems, Professor Forrester explains the basic principles behind system behavior. He introduces the concepts of structure and dynamic behavior that were first introduced in his prior books, Industrial Dynamics (1961) and Urban Dynamics (1971). Due to the general nature and wide applicability of the principles discussed, this book has been adopted by numerous colleges and universities as an introduction to teaching System Dynamics in many multidisciplinary courses on urban, environmental, corporate, and other complex social systems. The accompanying workbook also allows students to gauge their learning throughout the book. The book serves on its own as well as being a complement to other books on the nature of social systems. Professor Forrester wrote many widely known papers in engineering and management. In addition, his other books laid the foundations for the application of System Dynamics to the behavior of complex social systems: Industrial Dynamics, reprinted in 1999, originally published in 1961 Urban Dynamics, 1969 World Dynamics, Second Edition 1973, originally published in 1971 Collected Papers of Jay W. Forrester, 1975 These are available for purchase at www.systemdynamics.org.
