Author: Josué Sznitman
Publisher: Sudwestdeutscher Verlag Fur Hochschulschriften AG
ISBN: 9783838106847
Category :
Languages : de
Pages : 248
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Book Description
The pulmonary acinus, known as the gas exchange region of the lung, encompasses the complex of millions of sub-millimeter alveoli and may represent a potential host for pulmonary complications and diseases. These health disorders may require the inhalation of therapeutic drugs typically administered in the form of aerosolized particles. Both a precise understanding of the mechanisms leading to particle deposition as well as the need to target aerosols to specific pulmonary sites, remain ongoing challenges and depend directly on the fluid dynamics in the lung, and specifically on the microflows present in the acinar region. These considerations call not only for a deepening of our understanding of the fluid mechanics pertinent to the acinar region of the lung, but also, for the potential development of novel strategies towards improved and enhanced particle deposition inside the lung. The present thesis, which lies at the interface between engineering and medicine, is concerned with the role of convective respiratory flows in the acinar region of the lung, in conjunction with the transport and deposition of inhaled particles.
Author: Josué Sznitman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
Author: Claude Gaultier
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1461475376
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 464
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Book Description
Knowledge about the mechanisms of lung development has been growing rapidly, especially with regard to cellular and molecular aspects of growth and differentiation. This authoritative international volume reviews key aspects of lung development in health and disease by providing a comprehensive review of the complex series of cellular and molecular interactions required for lung development. It covers such topics as pulmonary hypoplasia, effects of malnutrition, and pulmaonary angiogenesis. An indispensable reference for all those involved in studying or treating lung disease in neonates and children, the book offers a unique view of the development of this essential organ.
Author: Kazuhiro Yamaguchi
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811555966
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 291
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Book Description
This book elucidates the morphological backgrounds of various functional parameters of the human respiratory system, including the respiratory control system, dynamics of the upper and lower airways, gas transport and mixing in the lower airways, gas exchange in the acinus, and gas transfer through the alveolar wall. Presenting the latest findings on the interrelationships between morphology and physiology in the respiratory system, the book’s goal is to provide a foundation for further exploring structure-function relationships in various respiratory systems, and to improve both the quality of basic science, and that of clinical medicine targeting the human respiratory system. Edited and written by internationally recognized experts, Structure-Function Relationships in Various Respiratory Systems offers a valuable asset for all physicians and researchers engaging in clinical, physiological, or morphological work in the field of respiration. Moreover, it provides a practical guide for physicians, helping them make more precise pathophysiological decisions concerning patients with various types of lung disease, and will be of interest to respiratory physiologists and respiratory morphologists.
Author: Josef X. Brunner
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 364273040X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 181
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Book Description
Respiration is a unique topic among various subdisciplines of physiology. Physiolo gists and clinicians are now able to communicate quantitative functional properties of lung mechanics and gas exchange in the language of the engineer, physicist and mathematician. This is largely due to intensive and stimulating work during the last decades of brilliant minds in a handful of excellent schools in the international family of physiologists. Among these founders of respiratory physiology are a number of clinicians, and they have. taken significant ,part both in shaping the theoretical knowledge to clinical applicability and developing technical devices for diagnosis and therapy in pulmonology. However, the theory behind the evaluation of measure ments, and their interpretation in terms of clinical function tests, is so confusingly complex that the ordinary physician, not specifically trained in respiratory physiol ogy, finds himself unable to critically apply these techniques. We, therefore, need descriptions of respiratory physiology and of its clinical application presented in the language of the clinician. And that is what this book is meant to be. Written by an expert in electrical and biomedical engineering, and by an expert in intensive care medicine, this text constitutes an "operational manual" of clinical respiratory physiology. It does not intend to be another textbook of basic respiratory physiology or pathophysiology. This book not only addresses practical clinicians, particularly those of intensive care medicine, by describing the essentials of clinically relevant respiratory knowledge.
Author: United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 728
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Book Description
This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Author: H. K. Chang
Publisher: Marcel Dekker
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 904
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Book Description
This reference applies a unique analytical approach for a comprehensive treatment of topics in respiratory physiology: flow and resistance in the airways; the morphometry of the lung; transport and mixing of inspired gas; the lung's structural elements; major determinants of pulmonary gas exchange; the pulmonary vasculature's mechanical behavior; lung fluid balance and solute transport; and models of control of breathing. Also discusses well-established lung function tests for airway resistance, maximal expiration, and diffusing capacity; examines clinical indices; and considers common pathological conditions. Annotation(c) 2003 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
Author: Haribalan Kumar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Lungs
Languages : en
Pages : 158
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Book Description
In this work, airflow and particle transport are studied using mathematical and image-based models of pulmonary acinus. Numerical results predict that airflow in the presence of wall motion in a three-dimensional honey-comb like geometry is characterized by the presence of a recirculation region within the alveolar cavity and a weak entraining flow between alveolar duct and cavity. Alveolar flow in distal generations is characterized by higher alveolar flow rates, larger entrainment of ductal flow and absence of recirculatory flow inside alveoli. The study of transport constitutes assessment of mixing visualized by the tracking of massless particles and the study of transport and deposition of aerosols. The phenomenon of steady streaming is found to hold the key to the origin of kinematic mixing in the alveolus, the alveolar mouth and the alveolated duct. This mechanism provides the explanation for observed folding of material lines and increases in material surface area, and has no bearing on whether the geometry is expanding or if flow separates within the cavity or not. Streaming results in non-zero drift of particles between the beginning and end of a breathing cycle. Based on flow conditions and resultant convective mixing measures, we conclude that significant convective mixing in the duct and within an alveolus could originate only in the first few generations of the acinar tree as a result of non-zero inertia, flow asymmetry and large KC number. Evidence of streaming and related Lagrangian drift is also observed in image-based acinar models. Finally, particle deposition calculations are performed on the models of pulmonary acinus considered in this study.
Author: Webb
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198855435
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1961
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Book Description
Now in paperback, the second edition of the Oxford Textbook of Critical Care is a comprehensive multi-disciplinary text covering all aspects of adult intensive care management. Uniquely this text takes a problem-orientated approach providing a key resource for daily clinical issues in the intensive care unit. The text is organized into short topics allowing readers to rapidly access authoritative information on specific clinical problems. Each topic refers to basic physiological principles and provides up-to-date treatment advice supported by references to the most vital literature. Where international differences exist in clinical practice, authors cover alternative views. Key messages summarise each topic in order to aid quick review and decision making. Edited and written by an international group of recognized experts from many disciplines, the second edition of the Oxford Textbook of Critical Careprovides an up-to-date reference that is relevant for intensive care units and emergency departments globally. This volume is the definitive text for all health care providers, including physicians, nurses, respiratory therapists, and other allied health professionals who take care of critically ill patients.
Author: Alan H. Jobe
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1316665178
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Lung disease affects more than 600 million people worldwide. While some of these lung diseases have an obvious developmental component, there is growing appreciation that processes and pathways critical for normal lung development are also important for postnatal tissue homeostasis and are dysregulated in lung disease. This book provides an authoritative review of fetal and neonatal lung development and is designed to provide a diverse group of scientists, spanning the basic to clinical research spectrum, with the latest developments on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of normal lung development and injury-repair processes, and how they are dysregulated in disease. The book covers genetics, omics, and systems biology as well as new imaging techniques that are transforming studies of lung development. The reader will learn where the field of lung development has been, where it is presently, and where it is going in order to improve outcomes for patients with common and rare lung diseases.
