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Author: Ettore Olmo
Publisher: S. Karger AG (Switzerland)
ISBN: 9783805594905
Category : Reptiles
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Reptiles occupy a key position in the evolution of terrestrial vertebrates. Their evolutionary history is well known, they show a wide morphological and ecological variety, and they have a particularly complex system of sex differentiation, ranging from strict genetic determination with or without differentiated sex chromosomes to strict thermal determination. This thematic issue presents diverse facets of reptilian cytogenetics and genomics including - a study of the genome structure based on the analysis of two proto-oncogenes - the existence and evolution of transposable elements - the role of molecular and chromosomal variations in phylogenetic processes - a study of chromosome composition through isolation of specific sequences and chromosome painting - the involvement of chromosomes in sex determination and the coevolutionary interaction between sex chromosomes, genome organization and temperature - the hybrid origin of parthenogenetic lizards Providing an up-to-date overview of what is currently known about molecular cytogenetics, genome organization and evolution in reptiles, this publication will be of interest to researchers in the fields of cell biology, cytogenetics, genetics, molecular biology, molecular evolution, phylogenesis and zoology.
Author: Ettore Olmo
Publisher: S. Karger AG (Switzerland)
ISBN: 9783805594905
Category : Reptiles
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Reptiles occupy a key position in the evolution of terrestrial vertebrates. Their evolutionary history is well known, they show a wide morphological and ecological variety, and they have a particularly complex system of sex differentiation, ranging from strict genetic determination with or without differentiated sex chromosomes to strict thermal determination. This thematic issue presents diverse facets of reptilian cytogenetics and genomics including - a study of the genome structure based on the analysis of two proto-oncogenes - the existence and evolution of transposable elements - the role of molecular and chromosomal variations in phylogenetic processes - a study of chromosome composition through isolation of specific sequences and chromosome painting - the involvement of chromosomes in sex determination and the coevolutionary interaction between sex chromosomes, genome organization and temperature - the hybrid origin of parthenogenetic lizards Providing an up-to-date overview of what is currently known about molecular cytogenetics, genome organization and evolution in reptiles, this publication will be of interest to researchers in the fields of cell biology, cytogenetics, genetics, molecular biology, molecular evolution, phylogenesis and zoology.
Author: Massimo Giovannotti
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783318065008
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
In this special issue, researchers show an updated, complete picture of living reptiles' cytogenetic, genomic, and molecular evolution. The most recent and relevant results of conventional and molecular studies are reported. A possible evolutionary model of the reptiles' chromosome is presented based on chromosome painting and mapping results. Morphology, structure, and molecular composition of reptiles' chromosomes are discussed. Specific topics include the presence and evolution of transposable elements, Hox genes, genome size and composition, and the level heterochromatin methylation. Sex chromosome evolution, mechanisms of meiotic recombination, and the evolution and chromosome localization of specific repetitive DNAs are also examined. This publication is of great interest for all students of cytogenetics, zoology, evolutionary biology, and molecular biology.
Author: Ettore Olmo
Publisher: Birkhauser
ISBN:
Category : Amphibians
Languages : en
Pages : 296
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Book Description
Author: David L. Jameson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Evolution
Languages : en
Pages : 360
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Book Description
The nature of populations, races, subspecies, and species. Genetic basis of isolation. Origin of isolation - theoretical. Origin of isolation - experimental. The nature of the speciation process.
Author: Marilyn S. Arsham
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119061229
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1216
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Book Description
Cytogenetics is the study of chromosome morphology, structure, pathology, function, and behavior. The field has evolved to embrace molecular cytogenetic changes, now termed cytogenomics. Cytogeneticists utilize an assortment of procedures to investigate the full complement of chromosomes and/or a targeted region within a specific chromosome in metaphase or interphase. Tools include routine analysis of G-banded chromosomes, specialized stains that address specific chromosomal structures, and molecular probes, such as fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and chromosome microarray analysis, which employ a variety of methods to highlight a region as small as a single, specific genetic sequence under investigation. The AGT Cytogenetics Laboratory Manual, Fourth Edition offers a comprehensive description of the diagnostic tests offered by the clinical laboratory and explains the science behind them. One of the most valuable assets is its rich compilation of laboratory-tested protocols currently being used in leading laboratories, along with practical advice for nearly every area of interest to cytogeneticists. In addition to covering essential topics that have been the backbone of cytogenetics for over 60 years, such as the basic components of a cell, use of a microscope, human tissue processing for cytogenetic analysis (prenatal, constitutional, and neoplastic), laboratory safety, and the mechanisms behind chromosome rearrangement and aneuploidy, this edition introduces new and expanded chapters by experts in the field. Some of these new topics include a unique collection of chromosome heteromorphisms; clinical examples of genomic imprinting; an example-driven overview of chromosomal microarray; mathematics specifically geared for the cytogeneticist; usage of ISCN’s cytogenetic language to describe chromosome changes; tips for laboratory management; examples of laboratory information systems; a collection of internet and library resources; and a special chapter on animal chromosomes for the research and zoo cytogeneticist. The range of topics is thus broad yet comprehensive, offering the student a resource that teaches the procedures performed in the cytogenetics laboratory environment, and the laboratory professional with a peer-reviewed reference that explores the basis of each of these procedures. This makes it a useful resource for researchers, clinicians, and lab professionals, as well as students in a university or medical school setting.
Author: Aurora Ruiz-Herrera
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3036501568
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
Understanding of the origin of species and their adaptability to new environments is one of the main questions in biology. This is fueled by the ongoing debate on species concepts and facilitated by the availability of an unprecedented large number of genomic resources. Genomes are organized into chromosomes, where significant variations in number and morphology are observed among species due to large-scale structural variants such as inversions, translocations, fusions, and fissions. This genomic reshuffling provides, in the long term, new chromosomal forms on which natural selection can act upon, contributing to the origin of biodiversity. This book contains mainly articles, reviews, and an opinion piece that explore numerous aspects of genome plasticity among taxa that will help in understanding the dynamics of genome composition, the evolutionary relationships between species and, in the long run, speciation.
Author: Giuseppe Fusco
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108499856
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 491
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Book Description
A look into the phenomena of sex and reproduction in all organisms, taking an innovative, unified and comprehensive approach.
Author: Nicole Valenzuela
Publisher: Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Book Description
Edited by the world's foremost authorities on the subject, with essays by leading scholars in the field, this work shows how the sex of reptiles and many fish is determined not by the chromosomes they inherit but by the temperature at which incubation takes place.
Author: Ryoichi Arai
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 4431538771
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 345
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Book Description
As the largest group of extant vertebrates, fish offer an almost limitless number of striking examples of evolutionary adaptation to environmental and biotic selection pressure. The most diverse of all vertebrate groups, the higher taxa of fish traditionally have been classified by morphology and paleontology, with a much smaller input of cytogenetic information. DNA sequence data are exerting an increasingly strong influence on modern fish systematics, challenging the classification of numerous higher taxa ranging from genera to orders. The most fruitful approach, however, involves synthetic analyses of morphology, molecular phylogenetics, comparative karyology, and genome size. Karyotypes of more than 3400 species/subspecies are arranged here by fish systematics and include a list of genome size, sex chromosomes, B chromosomes, polyploidy, and locality of material fish, among others. This volume enables both beginners and advanced researchers to survey the existing literature and facilitates the implementation of an integrative approach to fish systematics. The first book on fish chromosomes in nearly 15 years, it is also the most comprehensive.
Author: T. S. Kemp
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0198806418
Category : Reptiles
Languages : en
Pages : 161
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Book Description
From dinosaurs to lizards, snakes, and turtles, Tom Kemp considers the range of reptiles which have walked our Earth. Exploring how evolutionary adaptions have fitted them to their individual niches, he discusses their biology, such as cold bloodedness and feeding habits, and analyses why reptiles have been so successful throughout history.
