Regulatory Heterogeneity As Non-Tariff Barrier in Services Trade PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Regulatory Heterogeneity As Non-Tariff Barrier in Services Trade PDF full book. Access full book title Regulatory Heterogeneity As Non-Tariff Barrier in Services Trade by Henk L.M. Kox. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Henk L.M. Kox
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 28
Get Book Here
Book Description
International trade in services is hampered by non-tariff barriers that originate from national regulations. Not only the level of regulation in home or export country matters, but also the inter-country differences in regulation for service markets. Regulatory measures tend to affect fixed costs rather than variable costs. The fact that regulations often differ by market, means that the fixed costs of complying with regulations in an export market are in fact sunk market-entry costs. Our theoretical model demonstrates that policy heterogeneity between countries has a negative impact on bilateral service trade. We quantify bilateral policy variety through a new indicator that is applied in a gravity model for explaining service trade among EU countries. The empirical results support our theoretical prediction: the degree of regulatory heterogeneity is inversely related to the level of bilateral service trade. The results are applied to simulate the possible impacts of recent EU proposals for the services market. It shows that making more use of mutual recognition in regulation could increase bilateral trade in commercial services among EU countries by 30% to 60%.
Author: Henk L.M. Kox
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 28
Get Book Here
Book Description
International trade in services is hampered by non-tariff barriers that originate from national regulations. Not only the level of regulation in home or export country matters, but also the inter-country differences in regulation for service markets. Regulatory measures tend to affect fixed costs rather than variable costs. The fact that regulations often differ by market, means that the fixed costs of complying with regulations in an export market are in fact sunk market-entry costs. Our theoretical model demonstrates that policy heterogeneity between countries has a negative impact on bilateral service trade. We quantify bilateral policy variety through a new indicator that is applied in a gravity model for explaining service trade among EU countries. The empirical results support our theoretical prediction: the degree of regulatory heterogeneity is inversely related to the level of bilateral service trade. The results are applied to simulate the possible impacts of recent EU proposals for the services market. It shows that making more use of mutual recognition in regulation could increase bilateral trade in commercial services among EU countries by 30% to 60%.
Author: Henk Kox
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Foreign trade regulation
Languages : en
Pages : 56
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789279114854
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 43
Get Book Here
Book Description
This paper discusses the channels between openness and productivity and trade hampering factors. The stylized facts from the heterogeneous firms literature suggests that firms face market entry costs for each new product they export and to each new export market. Transport costs, border costs and retail and wholesale distribution costs might add up to 170% of the export value, but formal import tariffs and duties are relatively unimportant. The results by the Observatory of European SMEs survey, which has firm-level data for the whole European Union confirm this result. Lack of knowledge on export markets and regulations in other countries are important trade barriers for European firms. From these outcomes it could be derived that EU trade policies should be directed to deep integration with other countries, preferably by implementing internal market policies for goods and services trade and foreign direct investment. These policies can deal with reducing regulations heterogeneity, non-tariff barriers and customs procedures. Providing public information on export markets (e.g. customers, contact, and distribution networks) could also be helpful, if well targeted.
Author: John Christopher Beghin
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company
ISBN: 9813144416
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 393
Get Book Here
Book Description
Nontariff Measures and International Trade includes 20 chapters authored by John Beghin and co-authors over the last 20 years on the economics of quality-standard like nontariff measures in the context of international trade. This book provides a coherent and comprehensive treatment of these nontariff measures, from their measurement to their effects on trade and welfare. In Part I, the authors use different perspectives to make the case that, unlike tariffs, quality-standard like nontariff measures are complex to measure and analyze and do not easily lead to general policy prescriptions. Then, Part II contains contributions on measurements of welfare and trade effects of nontariff measures, accounting for potential market imperfections. Part III presents chapters on the potential protectionism of nontariff measures when they are used to favor some economic agents over society. The last part presents cases studies of nontariff measures in different industries, markets, and countries.
Author: Roland de Bruijn
Publisher: CEPS
ISBN: 9290796197
Category : European Union countries
Languages : en
Pages : 50
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author: Aaditya Mattoo
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 019923521X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 675
Get Book Here
Book Description
This title provides a comprehensive introduction to the key issues in trade and liberalization of services. Providing a useful overview of the players involved, the barriers to trade, and case studies in a number of service industries, this is ideal for policymakers and students interested in trade.
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264010300
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 266
Get Book Here
Book Description
The services sector now accounts for over 70% of employment and value added in OECD economies. It also accounts for almost all employment growth in the OECD area. But despite its growing weight in OECD economies, productivity growth and employment ...
Author: OECD
Publisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264275231
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 108
Get Book Here
Book Description
This book synthesises recent work by the OECD analysing services trade policies and quantifying their impacts on imports and exports, the performance of manufacturing and services sectors, and how services trade restrictions influence the decisions and outcomes of firms engaged in international ...
Author: Commonwealth Secretariat
Publisher: Commonwealth Secretariat
ISBN: 1849291853
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 95
Get Book Here
Book Description
Major data limitations arise within the realm of assessing services trade restrictiveness measures among Commonwealth countries, many of which overwhelmingly depend on this sector for growth and jobs. Quantifying the Barriers to Services Trade in the Commonwealth focuses on addressing policy barriers within services sectors in Kenya and Rwanda, including commercial banking, distribution and road transportation, which are key enablers of trade. Our findings suggest many policy barriers are crosscutting issues, rather than sector specific. Moreover, there is a degree of regulatory convergence with other Commonwealth countries included in the OECD’s trade restrictiveness database, which helps to reduce trade costs.
Author: Joseph Francois
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108485537
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 385
Get Book Here
Book Description
Provides a contemporary overview of key issues related to non-tariff trade policy measures and domestic regulation.
