Regulation of Subsidies and State Aids in WTO and EC Law

Regulation of Subsidies and State Aids in WTO and EC Law PDF Author: Gustavo E. Luengo Hernández de Madrid
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 624

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Book Description
Preliminary Remarks --Economic Analysis of Subsidies --Evolution of the Regulation of Subsidies in International Trade: From the GATT to the WTO --The Regulation of Subsidies in the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures --The Regulation of Subsidies in the Agreement on Agriculture --Subsidies in the WTO: The 'Foreign Sales Corporations' Case --Evolution of the State Aid Rules in the EC --The Notion of 'State Aid': Article 87.1 of the EC Treaty --State Aids Compatible with the Common Market --Procedural Issues: Control of State Aids in the EC and Recovery of State Aids --Agricultural Subsidies in the EC --Comparison of the WTO and EC Rules on Subsidies and State Aids --Conformity of the EC State Aid Rules With the WTO: Suggestions --Final Remarks.

Regulation of Subsidies and State Aids in WTO and EC Law

Regulation of Subsidies and State Aids in WTO and EC Law PDF Author: Gustavo E. Luengo Hernández de Madrid
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 624

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Book Description
Preliminary Remarks --Economic Analysis of Subsidies --Evolution of the Regulation of Subsidies in International Trade: From the GATT to the WTO --The Regulation of Subsidies in the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures --The Regulation of Subsidies in the Agreement on Agriculture --Subsidies in the WTO: The 'Foreign Sales Corporations' Case --Evolution of the State Aid Rules in the EC --The Notion of 'State Aid': Article 87.1 of the EC Treaty --State Aids Compatible with the Common Market --Procedural Issues: Control of State Aids in the EC and Recovery of State Aids --Agricultural Subsidies in the EC --Comparison of the WTO and EC Rules on Subsidies and State Aids --Conformity of the EC State Aid Rules With the WTO: Suggestions --Final Remarks.

The Definition of Subsidy and State Aid

The Definition of Subsidy and State Aid PDF Author: Luca Rubini
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0199533393
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 497

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Book Description
This book presents a conceptual analysis of the definitions of state aid and subsidy in EC and WTO law. It provides a comparative analysis of the regulation of subsidy in both systems, examining the coherence of the conceptual understanding of subsidy and the grounds for legitimate state intervention.

State Aid Law of the European Union

State Aid Law of the European Union PDF Author: Herwig Hofmann
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198727461
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 657

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Book Description
The rules controlling State aid and subsidies on the EU and the WTO level touch nearly every aspect of national law. Written by a team of experts from the judiciary, practice, academia, and officials, this book provides a thorough and analytic approach to this vital area of law.

WTO Disciplines on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures

WTO Disciplines on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures PDF Author: Dominic Coppens
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139916017
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 695

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Book Description
Does the WTO leave appropriate policy space to its Members to pursue legitimate objectives, such as the economic development of developing countries, the conversion to a greener economy, or recovery in times of a global economic downturn? This legal and normative analysis of the WTO rules on subsidies and countervailing measures sheds light on why governments resort to subsidization and, by tracing the historical origins of the SCM Agreement and the Agreement on Agriculture, on why they have been willing to gradually confine their policy space. This sets the stage for a systematic and comprehensive legal analysis of both agreements, which integrates the vast amount of case law and proposals tabled in the Doha round. A separate case study explores the complex rules on export credit support, and the book closes with an in-depth normative assessment of these WTO rules on subsidies and countervailing measures.

The Law of State Aid in the European Union

The Law of State Aid in the European Union PDF Author: Andrea Biondi
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 9780199265329
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 448

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Book Description
This volume analyses the concept of aid and examines fundamental questions concerning the scope of state aid law. It also draws a comparison with WTO provisions on subsidies and looks at EEA and applicant states' state aid regimes. It then focuses upon selected areas of state aid law and policy.

Droit Des Aides D'etat Dans la CE

Droit Des Aides D'etat Dans la CE PDF Author: Francisco Santaolalla Gadea
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN: 9041127747
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 510

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Book Description
A uniquely important contribution to the debate on EC State aid, this book captures the direct knowledge and experience of twenty-six current and former Commission State aid litigators, offering detailed 'insider' analysis of EC State aid court cases, as well as related internal legal issues, between 1994 and 2008. The book brings together both legal and economic analysis, with detailed reflections on aspects of both substantive legal rules and procedural law. It also offers, over and above the specific interest of the contributions it contains, invaluable insights into the working methods of the Commission Legal Service. This collaborative work was conceived and realized by its authors as a mark of recognition, and a gesture of respect and friendship, for Francisco Santaolalla, on the occasion of his retirement from the Commission after fourteen years' service as Director of the State aid team. Among the many legal and economic forces affecting State aid litigation, the authors focus on such factors as the following:A {exports;A {private investment;A {role of economic analysis;A {ecotaxes;A {privatization;A {remedies;A {existing aid;A {third parties;A {actions against State aid decisions;A {national court decisions;A {fiscal discipline; andA {WTO subsidies law. In illuminating the underlying issues, and describing how they are handled by the Commission Legal Service, the authors shed light on the likely future development of State aid law. The book will be of particular interest to antitrust practitioners as well as academics

European Union Law of State Aid

European Union Law of State Aid PDF Author: Kelyn Bacon QC
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0191091235
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 911

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Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive practitioner guide to the EU law of State aid, covering all relevant legislation, case law, and the dominant themes shaping EU State aid policy. It discusses the concept of State aid and its development in the European Union, as well as practical aspects such as procedures for notification to the European Commission, and enforcement in the European Court and national courts. It offers extensive coverage of specific sectors, including transport and shipbuilding, media and communications, energy and environmental protection, culture and heritage, and agriculture. The third edition is fully updated to cover the extensive legislative changes in this area, including the new General Block Exemption Regulation and De Minimis Regulation, horizontal aid guidelines, and sectoral guidelines for aviation, cinemas, agriculture, and fisheries; as well as State aid cases in the national courts, particularly the UK, and recent European Court jurisprudence. Accessible to competition lawyers and non-specialists, the book's clarity and concision make it an invaluable reference to this area of law.

European Union Law of State Aid

European Union Law of State Aid PDF Author: Kelyn Bacon
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0198787367
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 705

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Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive practitioner guide to the EU law of State aid, covering all relevant legislation, case law, and the dominant themes shaping EU State aid policy. It discusses the concept of State aid and its development in the European Union, as well as practical aspects such as procedures for notification to the European Commission, and enforcement in the European Court and national courts. It offers extensive coverage of specific sectors, including transport and shipbuilding, media and communications, energy and environmental protection, culture and heritage, and agriculture. The third edition is fully updated to cover the extensive legislative changes in this area, including the new General Block Exemption Regulation and De Minimis Regulation, horizontal aid guidelines, and sectoral guidelines for aviation, cinemas, agriculture, and fisheries; as well as State aid cases in the national courts, particularly the UK, and recent European Court jurisprudence. Accessible to competition lawyers and non-specialists, the book's clarity and concision make it an invaluable reference to this area of law.

The Law and Economics of Contingent Protection in the WTO

The Law and Economics of Contingent Protection in the WTO PDF Author: Petros C. Mavroidis
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN: 1848440146
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 633

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Book Description
All three parts [of the book] are without question extremely detailed and thorough treatises of the three different instruments of contingent protection. The case law of the DSB as well as policy proposals put forward in the Doha Round are referred to and analysed extensively. Every part of the book is an excellent and very thoughtful work on the respective instrument and will be helpful for everyone working in the field. Christoph Herrmann, Common Market Law Review Although the legal landscape is littered with literature about the WTO, antidumping, safeguards, subsidies and countervailing measures, the missing piece has been a comprehensive text tying together the law and economics of these topics. Mavroidis, Messerlin and Wauters fill this gap. The authors form an unparalleled triumvirate who successfully draw on their complementary legal-economic experiences from policymaking, practitioner expertise and academic scholarship to comprehensively examine contingent protection. In a single book, they manage to explain the economics to the lawyers, the law to the economists, and the increasing importance of contingent protection policies to everyone. Chad P. Bown, Brandeis University, US The new book by Petros Mavroidis, Patrick Messerlin and Jasper Wauters, The Law and Economics of Contingent Protection in the WTO, fills a gap in the international trade literature by providing a comprehensive, interdisciplinary (law and economics) treatment of three of the most arcane and least well-understood trade protection regimes permitted under the GATT/WTO, i.e., anti-dumping, countervailing duties, and safeguards. The authors expertly weave together both a comprehensive and rigorous analysis of the complex legal rules and case law with an economic critique of the law governing each of these three regimes. The book is a tour de force and will become the standard reference work for scholars, policy makers, and practitioners specializing in these areas. Michael Trebilcock, University of Toronto, Canada Trade barriers that are contingent on the existence of specific conditions dumping by, or subsidization of, exporters, and injury of domestic firms have historically been used intensively by many OECD countries and are now increasingly applied by developing countries. This volume provides an excellent discussion and accessible analysis of WTO rules on contingent protection and the rapidly expanding case law. The authors have done a major service to both legal practitioners and trade policy analysts with an interest in this area. Bernard Hoekman, The World Bank, US In this important book, three of the leading authors in the field of international economic law discuss the law and economics of the three most frequently used contingent protection instruments: anti-dumping, countervailing measures, and safeguards. When discussing countervailing measures, the authors also discuss legal challenges against prohibited and/or actionable subsidies. The authors choice is mandated by the fact that the effects of a subsidy cannot always be confined to the market of the WTO Member wishing to react against it. Assuming there are effects outside its market, an injured WTO Member can challenge the scheme as such before a WTO Panel. Taking the three agreements for granted as a starting point, the book provides comprehensive discussion of both the original contracts, and the case law that has substantially contributed to the understanding of these agreements. The agreements discussed by the authors provide generally worded disciplines on Members and leave a lot of discretion to the investigating authorities of such Members. A great number of the many questions that arise in the course of a domestic trade remedies investigation are not explicitly addressed in these agreements. In such a situation, the authors highlight the important role that the judge has to play. Much like domestic investigating authorities adopt a line which is either more liberal

Treaty Interpretation by the WTO Appellate Body

Treaty Interpretation by the WTO Appellate Body PDF Author: Isabelle Van Damme
Publisher:
ISBN: 0199562237
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 487

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Book Description
This book analyzes how the Appellate Body uses particular principles of general international law in interpreting the WTO covered agreements. It deals equally with general international law and WTO law. The aim is to explain how the Appellate Body interprets and applies customary international law on treaty interpretation in dealing with the WTO covered agreements. The main concern is to analyze the judicial reasoning and ways of justifying judicial decision-making. In particular, it answers the question of how the Appellate Body explains its reading of WTO treaty language. It is argued that the Appellate Body has interpreted the WTO covered agreements in a contextual and effective manner, an approach that corresponds with general international law. The character of the WTO covered agreements has, nevertheless, confronted the Appellate Body with some questions of interpretation that were until recently unexplored or neglected by other courts and tribunals. In that sense, the Appellate Body has contributed to the development of general international law on treaty interpretation, or at least to its practice. WTO law is primarily treaty law, but increasingly soft law and broader themes and values from other disciplines, such as governance, variable geometry and legitimacy, are introduced and discussed. Customary international law - with the exception of the principles of treaty interpretation - and general principles of law are often seen as excluded entirely. An ancillary theme of this proposed monograph is the extent to which customary international law and general principles of law have penetrated WTO law through the technique of treaty interpretation.