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Author: Paul Carmichael
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135293651
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 180
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Book Description
By examining the relationship between central governments and local authorities in a number of countries, the contributors to this study show how central governments exercise control and influence over the activities of local authorities.
Author: Paul Carmichael
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135293651
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 180
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Book Description
By examining the relationship between central governments and local authorities in a number of countries, the contributors to this study show how central governments exercise control and influence over the activities of local authorities.
Author: United States Government Accountability Office
Publisher: Lulu.com
ISBN: 0359541828
Category : Reference
Languages : en
Pages : 88
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Book Description
Policymakers and program managers are continually seeking ways to improve accountability in achieving an entity's mission. A key factor in improving accountability in achieving an entity's mission is to implement an effective internal control system. An effective internal control system helps an entity adapt to shifting environments, evolving demands, changing risks, and new priorities. As programs change and entities strive to improve operational processes and implement new technology, management continually evaluates its internal control system so that it is effective and updated when necessary. Section 3512 (c) and (d) of Title 31 of the United States Code (commonly known as the Federal Managers' Financial Integrity Act (FMFIA)) requires the Comptroller General to issue standards for internal control in the federal government.
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309163587
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 589
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Book Description
Recent outbreaks of illnesses traced to contaminated sprouts and lettuce illustrate the holes that exist in the system for monitoring problems and preventing foodborne diseases. Although it is not solely responsible for ensuring the safety of the nation's food supply, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) oversees monitoring and intervention for 80 percent of the food supply. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration's abilities to discover potential threats to food safety and prevent outbreaks of foodborne illness are hampered by impediments to efficient use of its limited resources and a piecemeal approach to gathering and using information on risks. Enhancing Food Safety: The Role of the Food and Drug Administration, a new book from the Institute of Medicine and the National Research Council, responds to a congressional request for recommendations on how to close gaps in FDA's food safety systems. Enhancing Food Safety begins with a brief review of the Food Protection Plan (FPP), FDA's food safety philosophy developed in 2007. The lack of sufficient detail and specific strategies in the FPP renders it ineffectual. The book stresses the need for FPP to evolve and be supported by the type of strategic planning described in these pages. It also explores the development and implementation of a stronger, more effective food safety system built on a risk-based approach to food safety management. Conclusions and recommendations include adopting a risk-based decision-making approach to food safety; creating a data surveillance and research infrastructure; integrating federal, state, and local government food safety programs; enhancing efficiency of inspections; and more. Although food safety is the responsibility of everyone, from producers to consumers, the FDA and other regulatory agencies have an essential role. In many instances, the FDA must carry out this responsibility against a backdrop of multiple stakeholder interests, inadequate resources, and competing priorities. Of interest to the food production industry, consumer advocacy groups, health care professionals, and others, Enhancing Food Safety provides the FDA and Congress with a course of action that will enable the agency to become more efficient and effective in carrying out its food safety mission in a rapidly changing world.
Author: Gordon P. Whitaker
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Local government
Languages : en
Pages : 120
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Book Description
Author: Institute of Medicine and National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309173973
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 208
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Book Description
How safe is our food supply? Each year the media report what appears to be growing concern related to illness caused by the food consumed by Americans. These food borne illnesses are caused by pathogenic microorganisms, pesticide residues, and food additives. Recent actions taken at the federal, state, and local levels in response to the increase in reported incidences of food borne illnesses point to the need to evaluate the food safety system in the United States. This book assesses the effectiveness of the current food safety system and provides recommendations on changes needed to ensure an effective science-based food safety system. Ensuring Safe Food discusses such important issues as: What are the primary hazards associated with the food supply? What gaps exist in the current system for ensuring a safe food supply? What effects do trends in food consumption have on food safety? What is the impact of food preparation and handling practices in the home, in food services, or in production operations on the risk of food borne illnesses? What organizational changes in responsibility or oversight could be made to increase the effectiveness of the food safety system in the United States? Current concerns associated with microbiological, chemical, and physical hazards in the food supply are discussed. The book also considers how changes in technology and food processing might introduce new risks. Recommendations are made on steps for developing a coordinated, unified system for food safety. The book also highlights areas that need additional study. Ensuring Safe Food will be important for policymakers, food trade professionals, food producers, food processors, food researchers, public health professionals, and consumers.
Author: Sabine Kuhlmann
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030536971
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 415
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Book Description
This open access book presents a topical, comprehensive and differentiated analysis of Germany’s public administration and reforms. It provides an overview on key elements of German public administration at the federal, Länder and local levels of government as well as on current reform activities of the public sector. It examines the key institutional features of German public administration; the changing relationships between public administration, society and the private sector; the administrative reforms at different levels of the federal system and numerous sectors; and new challenges and modernization approaches like digitalization, Open Government and Better Regulation. Each chapter offers a combination of descriptive information and problem-oriented analysis, presenting key topical issues in Germany which are relevant to an international readership.
Author: David W. Owens
Publisher: Unc School of Government
ISBN: 9781560117445
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 204
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Book Description
Zoning is one of the most visible and important functions of local governments. Few issues will pack a hearing room more quickly than a controversial zoning case that may address questions such as: -Should multifamily or commercial development be allowed on this site? -Will this rezoning increase traffic congestion or lead to overcrowded schools? -Is there any way we can protect this historic neighborhood or these natural resources if this development is approved? -Will this zoning decision stifle economic development? -What will this do to my property values? Many critical zoning decisions such as these are made by citizens serving on government panels. These decisions can have a tremendous impact on landowners, their neighbors, and the future quality of an entire community. Introduction to Zoning and Development Regulation provides a clear, understandable explanation of zoning law for citizen board members and the public. It is an introduction for citizens new to these issues or a refresher for those who have been at the zoning business for some time. This is a useful overview of land use law that will be of interest to anyone interested in or affected by local zoning and development regulation. This revised version replaces Introduction to Zoning, Third Edition, 2007, and all previous editions. A free PDF download of the table of contents is available (https://www.sog.unc.edu/publications/books/introduction-zoning-and-development-regulation-fourth-edition!/details).
Author: Committee for the Study of the Future of Public Health
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309581907
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
"The Nation has lost sight of its public health goals and has allowed the system of public health to fall into 'disarray'," from The Future of Public Health. This startling book contains proposals for ensuring that public health service programs are efficient and effective enough to deal not only with the topics of today, but also with those of tomorrow. In addition, the authors make recommendations for core functions in public health assessment, policy development, and service assurances, and identify the level of government--federal, state, and local--at which these functions would best be handled.
Author: James T. O'Reilly
Publisher: American Bar Association
ISBN: 9781590317440
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 252
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Book Description
Preemption is a doctrine of American constitutional law, under which states and local governments are deprived of their power to act in a given area, whether or not the state or local law, rule or action is in direct conflict with federal law. This book covers not only the basics of preemption but also focuses on such topics as federal mechanisms for agency preemption, implied forms of preemption, and defensive use of federal preemption in civil litigation.
Author: Russell L. Hanson
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 1538139332
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 313
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Book Description
This book introduces students to the complex landscape of state-local intergovernmental relations today. Each chapter illustrates conflict and cooperation for policy problems including the response to the COVID-19 pandemic, environmental regulation, marijuana regulation, and government management capacity. The contributors, leading experts in the field, help students enhance their understanding of the importance of state-local relations in the U.S. federal system, argue for better analysis of the consequences of state-local relations for the quality of policy outcomes, and introduce them to public service career opportunities in state and local government.
