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Author: Brett J. Kyle
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781626376403
Category : POLITICAL SCIENCE
Languages : en
Pages : 279
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Book Description
What explains the presence-and the surprising performance-of former authoritarian-regime officials in Latin American presidential elections? To answer that question, Brett J. Kyle examines the experiences of twelve countries that transitioned from military to civilian government in the Third Wave of democratization. His persuasive analysis, incorporating case studies of Chile, Argentina, Guatemala, and El Salvador, sheds new light on the consolidation of democracy in Latin America.
Author: Brett J. Kyle
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781626376403
Category : POLITICAL SCIENCE
Languages : en
Pages : 279
Get Book Here
Book Description
What explains the presence-and the surprising performance-of former authoritarian-regime officials in Latin American presidential elections? To answer that question, Brett J. Kyle examines the experiences of twelve countries that transitioned from military to civilian government in the Third Wave of democratization. His persuasive analysis, incorporating case studies of Chile, Argentina, Guatemala, and El Salvador, sheds new light on the consolidation of democracy in Latin America.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Democratization
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
What explains the presence and performance of former regime leaders in elections for public office after a transition to democracy? This study develops the concept of recycled dictators as the phenomenon of those individuals associated with non-democratic government who enter electoral politics after a transition to democracy. It focuses on candidates associated with the military regimes that immediately preceded the third wave of democratization in 12 countries across Latin America, identifying 67 ex-authoritarian candidacies in presidential contests, with eight of those ending in victory for a former regime official. The study finds that recycled dictators are present at higher rates in cases of lower "democratic continuity"--conditions of less experience with democracy prior to military rule and military replacement of civilian politics with military parties competing under managed democracy. The project establishes the background conditions and causal pathways for recycled dictator presence based on level of democratic continuity and level of threat to former regime actors that structure the four types of recycled dictator competition: (1) Return of democratic representatives; (2) Protest candidacies; (3) Persistence of authoritarian competitors; and (4) Mixed competition. The study challenges the notion that Latin American voters are not committed to democracy, as most ex-regime officials finish with only single-digit vote share. Candidates who achieve +10% of the vote, however, share particular characteristics. The study offers a typology of these successful candidates with three categories: (1) Regime Heir - a candidate who assumes the mantle of the regime in which he served; (2) Rogue Officer - a candidate who led a military uprising with an anti-corruption message and who quickly parlays that message into a political career; and (3) Caudillo Democrat - a candidate who has built a more traditional path to the presidency by holding lower-level public office and constructing a party over time, yet who still runs promising authoritarian solutions to national challenges. The study advances understanding of popular and elite commitment to democracy and contributes a predictive theory on recycled dictators' electoral presence and the intensity of their appeal. The project proposes that the theory is generalizable to ongoing and future transitions across the globe.
Author: Brett J. Kyle
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781626374379
Category : Authoritarianism
Languages : en
Pages : 267
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Book Description
"An innovative and analytically sound approach to analyzing the legacy of military rule." --Caroline Beer, University of Vermont "Presents a compelling theory on an important and as yet unstudied topic." --Michelle Taylor-Robinson, Texas A&M University What explains the presence¿and the surprising performance¿of former authoritarian-regime officials in Latin American presidential elections? To answer that question, Brett J. Kyle examines the experiences of twelve countries that transitioned from military to civilian government in the Third Wave of democratization. His persuasive analysis, incorporating case studies of Chile, Argentina, Guatemala, and El Salvador, sheds new light on the consolidation of democracy in Latin America. Brett J. Kyle is assistant professor of political science at the University of Nebraska Omaha.
Author: James Loxton
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108426670
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 435
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Book Description
Launches a new research agenda on one of the most common but overlooked features of the democratization experience worldwide: authoritarian successor parties.
Author: Sarah Zukerman Daly
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691231338
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 408
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Book Description
Why populations brutalized in war elect their tormentors One of the great puzzles of electoral politics is how parties that commit mass atrocities in war often win the support of victimized populations to establish the postwar political order. Violent Victors traces how parties derived from violent, wartime belligerents successfully campaign as the best providers of future societal peace, attracting votes not just from their core supporters but oftentimes also from the very people they targeted in war. Drawing on more than two years of groundbreaking fieldwork, Sarah Daly combines case studies of victim voters in Latin America with experimental survey evidence and new data on postwar elections around the world. She argues that, contrary to oft-cited fears, postconflict elections do not necessarily give rise to renewed instability or political violence. Daly demonstrates how war-scarred citizens reward belligerent parties for promising peace and security instead of blaming them for war. Yet, in so casting their ballots, voters sacrifice justice, liberal democracy, and social welfare. Proposing actionable interventions that can help to moderate these trade-offs, Violent Victors links war outcomes with democratic outcomes to shed essential new light on political life after war and offers global perspectives on important questions about electoral behavior in the wake of mass violence.
Author: Ulrike Capdepón
Publisher: Leuven University Press
ISBN: 9462702497
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 247
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Book Description
New perspectives on human rights prosecutions in various regional contexts Human rights prosecutions are the most prominent mechanisms that victims demand to obtain accountability. Dealing with a legacy of gross human rights violations presents opportunities to enhance the right to justice and promote a more equal application of criminal law, a fundamental condition for a more substantive democracy in societies. This book seeks to analyse the impact, advances, and difficulties of prosecuting perpetrators of mass atrocities at national and international levels. What role does criminal justice play in redressing victims’ wrongs, guaranteeing the non-repetition of mass atrocities, and attempting to overcome the damage caused by systematic human rights violations? This volume addresses critical issues in the field of human rights prosecution by drawing on the experiences of a variety of post-conflict and authoritarian countries covering three world regions. Contributing authors cover prosecutions in post-Nazi Germany, post-Communist Romania, and transnational legal complaints by victims of the Franco dictatorship, as well as domestic and third-country prosecutions for human rights violations in the pioneering South American countries of Argentina, Chile, Peru, and Uruguay, prosecutions in Darfur and Kenya, and the work of the International Criminal Court. The Impact of Human Rights Prosecutions offers insights into the difficulties human rights trials face in different contexts and regions, and also illustrates the development of these legal procedures over time. The volume will be of interest to human rights scholars as well as legal practitioners, participants, justice system actors, and policy makers.
Author: John Perkins
Publisher: Berrett-Koehler Publishers
ISBN: 1576755126
Category : Biography & Autobiography
Languages : en
Pages : 430
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Book Description
Perkins, a former chief economist at a Boston strategic-consulting firm, confesses he was an "economic hit man" for 10 years, helping U.S. intelligence agencies and multinationals cajole and blackmail foreign leaders into serving U.S. foreign policy and awarding lucrative contracts to American business.
Author: Freedom House
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN: 9780742558038
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 924
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Book Description
Freedom in the World, the Freedom House flagship survey whose findings have been published annually since 1972, is the standard-setting comparative assessment of global political rights and civil liberties. The survey ratings and narrative reports on 192 countries and a group of select territories are used by policy makers, the media, international corporations, and civic activists and human rights defenders to monitor trends in democracy and track improvements and setbacks in freedom worldwide. Press accounts of the survey findings appear in hundreds of influential newspapers in the United States and abroad and form the basis of numerous radio and television reports. The Freedom in the World political rights and civil liberties ratings are determined through a multi-layered process of research and evaluation by a team of regional analysts and eminent scholars. The analysts used a broad range of sources of information, including foreign and domestic news reports, academic studies, nongovernmental organizations, think tanks, individual professional contacts, and visits to the region, in conducting their research. The methodology of the survey is derived in large measure from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and these standards are applied to all countries and territories, irrespective of geographical location, ethnic or religious composition, or level of economic development.
Author: Susan Kaufman Purcell
Publisher: Lynne Rienner Publishers
ISBN: 9781555879334
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 180
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Book Description
The contributors to this collection offer a range of views on the growing political and economic challenges facing the Castro regime, how these challenges will be met, and Cuba's prospects for a peaceful transition to democracy.
Author: Luis Camnitzer
Publisher: University of Texas Press
ISBN: 9780292716292
Category : Art
Languages : en
Pages : 368
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Book Description
Conceptualism played a different role in Latin American art during the 1960s and 1970s than in Europe and the United States, where conceptualist artists predominantly sought to challenge the primacy of the art object and art institutions, as well as the commercialization of art. Latin American artists turned to conceptualism as a vehicle for radically questioning the very nature of art itself, as well as art's role in responding to societal needs and crises in conjunction with politics, poetry, and pedagogy. Because of this distinctive agenda, Latin American conceptualism must be viewed and understood in its own right, not as a derivative of Euroamerican models. In this book, one of Latin America's foremost conceptualist artists, Luis Camnitzer, offers a firsthand account of conceptualism in Latin American art. Placing the evolution of conceptualism within the history Latin America, he explores conceptualism as a strategy, rather than a style, in Latin American culture. He shows how the roots of conceptualism reach back to the early nineteenth century in the work of Símon Rodríguez, Símon Bolívar's tutor. Camnitzer then follows conceptualism to the point where art crossed into politics, as with the Argentinian group Tucumán arde in 1968, and where politics crossed into art, as with the Tupamaro movement in Uruguay during the 1960s and early 1970s. Camnitzer concludes by investigating how, after 1970, conceptualist manifestations returned to the fold of more conventional art and describes some of the consequences that followed when art evolved from being a political tool to become what is known as "political art."
