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Author: Richard Hochschild
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Engineering test reactors
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
Author: Richard Hochschild
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Engineering test reactors
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Book Description
Author: Richard Hochschild
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: David P. Chonowski
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Combustion of reactive materials forms an active area of research for reactive fragment and structural materials applications. Currently, reactive fragment tests involve high velocity (1-2 km/s), large caliber projectiles directed into blast chambers where overpressure is measured to quantify output. Unfortunately, these existing facilities suffer many issues including high cost per test, which limits the ability to perform true parametric studies, as well as limited access in some cases for diagnostics other than transient pressure. To address these issues, we developed a small-scale reactive materials combustion test facility based on the Remington .17 caliber rifle which safely launches projectiles at velocities approaching 1.3 km/s. By making custom projectiles and firing these into a small chamber with complete optical access, we are able to obtain transient pressure and capture high-speed imagery. The setup also allows for optical measurements including pyrometry and spectroscopy. In this work the diagnostic measurements are primarily the bullet velocity and chamber overpressure. After completion of the design and installation of the laser optical chronograph and the appropriate pressure transducers, several tests at velocities of 1.2 km/s were performed comparing inert bullets with those comprised of reactive metals in air, 100% nitrogen, and 40% oxygen rich environments. Therefore this paper outlines the major components of the combustion test facility, the system diagnostics and the effect that different intermetallics in various environments have on combustion performance. Results indicate that the facility performed as intended by capturing quantitative differences in the chemical energy release of various energetic systems. Further, through the post-processing of specimen residue with X-ray diffraction, the identification of reaction products provided better insight into the chemical reactions contributing to the observed energy release assisting in the determination of elements responsible for combustion performance.
Author: Richard Hochschild
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Physics
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Author:
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: E. R. Astley
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Sodium cooled reactors
Languages : en
Pages : 190
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Author:
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 10
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Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) has developed a thermal stability test procedure that is currently being evaluated by the Department of Defense (DOD) Explosives Safety Board as an equivalent alternate test to the DOD Technical Bulletin 700-2 "Thermal Stability Test at 75 degrees Celsius." This procedure will also be submitted for evaluation for acceptance under the similar test specified in the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Tests and Criteria Manual. The LLNL Chemical Reactivity Test (CRT) is significantly more severe than the existing "Thermal Stability Test at 75 C" and is also quantitative in nature. It has been approved by the Department of Energy (DOE) Explosives Safety Committee as an equivalent alternate thermal stability test and has been in use by LLNL for over 30 years. It is currently used by other DOE and DOD organizations as the standard small-scale safety test for determining thermal stability and material compatibility. The LLNL CRT is run on a 0.250 gram sample for 22 hours at 120 degrees Celsius rather than the 50 gram sample for 48 hours at 75 C as required for the Thermal Stability Test. Thus the CRT is a much more severe test since it is run at 120 C rather than 75 C. Simple Arrhenius kinetics predict a material decomposition rate of approximately 25 times greater at 120 C than at 75 C. Any material under test that exhibits gas evolution exceeding 4 cubic centimeters/gram (approximately 0.8 % decomposition) is considered suspect and additional testing and/or evaluation is then performed to determine if the material is thermally unstable. In addition to the CRT being significantly more severe and quantitative, there are significant other advantages for using the CRT.
Author: Bryant Mather
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Concrete
Languages : en
Pages : 4
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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 19
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The Chemical Reactivity Test (CRT) is used to determine the thermal stability of High Explosives (HEs) and chemical compatibility between (HEs) and alien materials. The CRT is one of the small-scale safety tests performed on HE at the High Explosives Applications Facility (HEAF).
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Energy development
Languages : en
Pages : 160
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