Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species Detection Produced by an Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet PDF Download
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Author: Louis Free
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This thesis presents a novel, asymmetrical atmospheric pressure plasma jet, that uses air as its working gas, operating in the kilohertz range. The plasma system is designed to be mobile, easily set-up in many environments and has variable controllability, such as voltage, airflow and electrode position. The initial body of work presented in the thesis relates to the design and development of the atmospheric pressure plasma jet used throughout the bulk of the thesis. The key components of the atmospheric plasma jet are introduced. Electrical measurements of the plasma were also preformed and showed that the plasma operated electrically in two modes, the so called noisy and quiet modes. Optical emission spectroscopy was preformed on the plasma jet and showed that the emission spectrum of the jet was complex, containing emissions from many species, both molecular and atomic. These species included but were not limited to atomic species of nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen and molecular emissions from N2, O2 and OH. In addition to this, it is possible to control the emission intensities from these species by varying the control parameters of the plasma jet such as voltage, airflow and electrode distance. The observed emission spectra were noticed to be lacking in any optical features due to emissions from nitric oxide, while it was believed to be the case that the plasma jet should produce nitric oxide. To test this hypothesis the experimental method laser induced fluorescence was chosen as a means to probe or nitric oxide in the plume region of the plasma. Experimentally it was found that nitric oxide was present within the plume. In addition by again varying the control parameters of the plasma jet the absolute number density of nitric oxide within the plume of the plasma could be varied. Finally, two-photon absorption laser induced fluorescence is used to probe for atomic oxygen in the plume region of the atmospheric pressure plasma jet. Two photon absorption differs from the single photon method in that two photons are simultaneously absorbed by and used to excite the species under investigation, opening up the possibility to probe species with excitation energies that are difficult to reach using conventional lasers systems. Like, the case for nitric oxide, atomic oxygen was confirmed to be present within the plume, although it was not possible to determine an absolute number density. Likewise, by varying the control parameters a change in the trend in the intensity of the fluorescence was observed.
Author: Louis Free
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This thesis presents a novel, asymmetrical atmospheric pressure plasma jet, that uses air as its working gas, operating in the kilohertz range. The plasma system is designed to be mobile, easily set-up in many environments and has variable controllability, such as voltage, airflow and electrode position. The initial body of work presented in the thesis relates to the design and development of the atmospheric pressure plasma jet used throughout the bulk of the thesis. The key components of the atmospheric plasma jet are introduced. Electrical measurements of the plasma were also preformed and showed that the plasma operated electrically in two modes, the so called noisy and quiet modes. Optical emission spectroscopy was preformed on the plasma jet and showed that the emission spectrum of the jet was complex, containing emissions from many species, both molecular and atomic. These species included but were not limited to atomic species of nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen and molecular emissions from N2, O2 and OH. In addition to this, it is possible to control the emission intensities from these species by varying the control parameters of the plasma jet such as voltage, airflow and electrode distance. The observed emission spectra were noticed to be lacking in any optical features due to emissions from nitric oxide, while it was believed to be the case that the plasma jet should produce nitric oxide. To test this hypothesis the experimental method laser induced fluorescence was chosen as a means to probe or nitric oxide in the plume region of the plasma. Experimentally it was found that nitric oxide was present within the plume. In addition by again varying the control parameters of the plasma jet the absolute number density of nitric oxide within the plume of the plasma could be varied. Finally, two-photon absorption laser induced fluorescence is used to probe for atomic oxygen in the plume region of the atmospheric pressure plasma jet. Two photon absorption differs from the single photon method in that two photons are simultaneously absorbed by and used to excite the species under investigation, opening up the possibility to probe species with excitation energies that are difficult to reach using conventional lasers systems. Like, the case for nitric oxide, atomic oxygen was confirmed to be present within the plume, although it was not possible to determine an absolute number density. Likewise, by varying the control parameters a change in the trend in the intensity of the fluorescence was observed.
Author: XinPei Lu
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0429620721
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 388
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Book Description
Nonequilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma jets (N-APPJs) generate plasma in open space rather than in a confined chamber and can be utilized for applications in medicine. This book provides a complete introduction to this fast-emerging field, from the fundamental physics, to experimental approaches, to plasma and reactive species diagnostics. It provides an overview of the development of a wide range of plasma jet devices and their fundamental mechanisms. The book concludes with a discussion of the exciting application of plasmas for cancer treatment. The book provides details on experimental methods including expert tips and caveats. covers novel devices driven by various power sources and the impact of operating conditions on concentrations and fluxes of the reactive species. discusses the latest advances including theory, modeling, and simulation approaches. gives an introduction, overview and details on state of the art diagnostics of small scale high gradient atmospheric pressure plasmas. covers the use of N-APPJs for cancer applications, including discussion of destruction of cancer cells, mechanisms of action, and selectivity studies. XinPei Lu is a Chair Professor in the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Stephan Reuter is currently Visiting Professor at Université Paris-Saclay. In a recent Alexander von Humboldt research fellowship at Princeton University, he performed ultrafast laser spectroscopy on cold plasmas. Mounir Laroussi is Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering and director of the Plasma Engineering and Medicine Institute at Old Dominion University. He is a Fellow of IEEE and recipient of an IEEE Merit Award. DaWei Liu is Professor in the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering at Huazhong University of Science and Technology.
Author: Naoyuki Taniguchi
Publisher: OUP Oxford
ISBN: 0191589098
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 361
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Book Description
Experimental Protocols for Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species is a translated, expanded, and fully updated of the Japanese book Experimental Protocols for Reactive Oxygen Research: assay methods, gene analysis, and pathophysiology models published in 1994. The aim of the book is to provide experimental protocols covering many aspects of free radical research: biochemistry, molecular and cellular biology, genetics, physiology, and medicine. The protocols are all self-contained describing the equipment and reagents needed and then detailing the experimental procedure.
Author: Anton Nikiforov
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1838802495
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 146
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Book Description
Plasma as the fourth state of matter is an ionized gas consisting of both negative and positive ions, electrons, neutral atoms, radicals, and photons. In the last few decades, atmospheric-pressure plasmas have started to attract increasing attention from both scientists and industry due to a variety of potential applications. Because of increasing interest in the topic, the focus of this book is on providing engineers and scientists with a fundamental understanding of the physical and chemical properties of different atmospheric-pressure plasmas via plasma diagnostic techniques and their applications. The book has been organized into two parts. Part I focuses on the latest achievements in advanced diagnostics of different atmospheric-pressure plasmas. Part II deals with applications of different atmospheric-pressure plasmas.
Author: Vasile I. Parvulescu
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527330062
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 423
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Book Description
Filling the gap for a book that covers not only plasma in gases but also in liquids, this is all set to become the standard reference for this topic. It provides a broad-based overview of plasma-chemical and plasmacatalytic processes generated by electrical discharges in gases, liquids and gas/liquid environments in both fundamental and applied aspects by focusing on their environmental and green applications and also taking into account their practical and economic viability. With the topics addressed by an international group of major experts, this is a must-have for scientists, engineers, students and postdoctoral researchers specializing in this field.
Author: Annemie Bogaerts
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3038977500
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
Plasma catalysis is gaining increasing interest for various gas conversion applications, such as CO2 conversion into value-added chemicals and fuels, N2 fixation for the synthesis of NH3 or NOx, methane conversion into higher hydrocarbons or oxygenates. It is also widely used for air pollution control (e.g., VOC remediation). Plasma catalysis allows thermodynamically difficult reactions to proceed at ambient pressure and temperature, due to activation of the gas molecules by energetic electrons created in the plasma. However, plasma is very reactive but not selective, and thus a catalyst is needed to improve the selectivity. In spite of the growing interest in plasma catalysis, the underlying mechanisms of the (possible) synergy between plasma and catalyst are not yet fully understood. Indeed, plasma catalysis is quite complicated, as the plasma will affect the catalyst and vice versa. Moreover, due to the reactive plasma environment, the most suitable catalysts will probably be different from thermal catalysts. More research is needed to better understand the plasma–catalyst interactions, in order to further improve the applications.
Author: Alexander Fridman
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118437659
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 629
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Book Description
This comprehensive text is suitable for researchers and graduate students of a ‘hot’ new topic in medical physics. Written by the world’s leading experts, this book aims to present recent developments in plasma medicine, both technological and scientific, reviewed in a fashion accessible to the highly interdisciplinary audience consisting of doctors, physicists, biologists, chemists and other scientists, university students and professors, engineers and medical practitioners. The book focuses on major topics and covers the physics required to develop novel plasma discharges relevant for medical applications, the medicine to apply the technology not only in-vitro but also in-vivo testing and the biology to understand complicated bio-chemical processes involved in plasma interaction with living tissues.
Author: Hans-Robert Metelmann
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 331967627X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 512
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Book Description
This book presents the state of the art in clinical plasma medicine and outlines translational research strategies. Written by an international group of authors, it is divided into four parts. Part I is a detailed introduction and includes basic and recent research information on plasma sciences, plasma devices and mechanisms of biological plasma effects. Parts II and III provide valuable clinical insights f.e. into the treatment of superficial contaminations, ulcerations, wounds, treatment of cells in cancer, special indications like in heart surgery, dentistry, palliative treatment in head and neck cancer or the use of plasma in hygiene. Part IV offers information on how and where to qualify in plasma medicine and which companies produce and supply medical devices and is thus of particular interest to medical practitioners. This comprehensive book offers a sciences based practical to the clinical use of plasma and includes an extended selection of scientific medical data and translational literature.
Author: Johannes Hirrlinger
Publisher: Humana Press
ISBN: 9781493910588
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Brain Energy Metabolism addresses its challenging subject by presenting diverse technologies allowing for the investigation of brain energy metabolism on different levels of complexity. Model systems are discussed, starting from the reductionist approach like primary cell cultures which allow assessing of the properties and functions of a single brain cell type with many different types of analysis, however, at the expense of neglecting the interaction between cell types in the brain. On the other end, analysis in animals and humans in vivo is discussed, maintaining the full complexity of the tissue and the organism but making high demands on the methods of analysis. Written for the popular Neuromethods series, chapters include the kind of detailed description and key implementation advice that aims to support reproducible results in the lab. Meticulous and authoritative, Brain Energy Metabolism provides an ideal guide for researchers interested in brain energy metabolism with the hope of stimulating more research in this exciting and very important field.
Author: Usha Chandra
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535132458
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 312
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Book Description
Versatility, extended compositional ranges, better homogeneity, lesser energy consumption, and requirement of nonexpensive equipments have boosted the use of sol-gel process on top of the popularity in the synthesis of nanosystems. The sol-gel technique has not only revolutionized oxide ceramics industry and/or material science but has also extended widely into multidimensional applications. The book Recent Applications in Sol-Gel Synthesis comprises 14 chapters that deal mainly with the application-oriented aspects of the technique. Sol-gel prepared metal oxide (MO) nanostructures like nanospheres, nanorods, nanoflakes, nanotubes, and nanoribbons have been employed in biomedical applications involving drug deliveries, mimicking of natural bone, and antimicrobial activities. The possibility of controlling grain size in aerogel and preparation of ultrahigh-temperature ceramic (UHTC)-based materials, fluorescent glasses, ultraviolet photosensors, and photocatalysts have been discussed in detail by the experts in the field. The usefulness of sol-gel materials as active GRIN, as textile finisher, and as leather modifier with water-repellent and oil-resistive properties would be an incentive for researchers keen to pursue the field.
