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Author: Renato Morbidelli
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039360221
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 182
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Book Description
Rainfall infiltration is an important component of the hydrologic cycle and plays a crucial role in the formation of surface runoff, providing subsurface water that governs the water supply for agriculture, the transport of pollutants through the vadose zone, and the recharge of aquifers. The spatiotemporal evolution of the infiltration rate under natural conditions cannot currently be deduced by direct measurements at any scale of interest. Therefore, the use of infiltration modeling is of fundamental importance in applied hydrology and allows this process to be described through measurable quantities. In spite of the continuous development of infiltration modeling in recent decades, the estimation of infiltration at different spatial scales, i.e., from the local to watershed scales, remains a complex problem because of the natural spatial variability of both soil hydraulic characteristics and rainfall. For many years, research activity has been limited to the development of local or point infiltration models for vertically homogeneous soils with flat surfaces. Recent scientific literature has extended infiltration modeling to many other involved elements whose representation, however, still represents an open problem. In this context, this volume attempts to make a contribution to the modeling of point infiltration into vertically non-uniform soils or soils modified by human activities, infiltration over horizontal heterogeneous areas, infiltration into soil surfaces with significant slopes, interaction between the infiltration process and the groundwater system, and infiltration due to irrigation and the surface water–groundwater dynamics.
Author: Renato Morbidelli
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039360221
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 182
Get Book Here
Book Description
Rainfall infiltration is an important component of the hydrologic cycle and plays a crucial role in the formation of surface runoff, providing subsurface water that governs the water supply for agriculture, the transport of pollutants through the vadose zone, and the recharge of aquifers. The spatiotemporal evolution of the infiltration rate under natural conditions cannot currently be deduced by direct measurements at any scale of interest. Therefore, the use of infiltration modeling is of fundamental importance in applied hydrology and allows this process to be described through measurable quantities. In spite of the continuous development of infiltration modeling in recent decades, the estimation of infiltration at different spatial scales, i.e., from the local to watershed scales, remains a complex problem because of the natural spatial variability of both soil hydraulic characteristics and rainfall. For many years, research activity has been limited to the development of local or point infiltration models for vertically homogeneous soils with flat surfaces. Recent scientific literature has extended infiltration modeling to many other involved elements whose representation, however, still represents an open problem. In this context, this volume attempts to make a contribution to the modeling of point infiltration into vertically non-uniform soils or soils modified by human activities, infiltration over horizontal heterogeneous areas, infiltration into soil surfaces with significant slopes, interaction between the infiltration process and the groundwater system, and infiltration due to irrigation and the surface water–groundwater dynamics.
Author: Renato Morbidelli
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128225440
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 502
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Book Description
Rainfall: Physical Process, Measurement, Data Analysis and Usage in Hydrological Investigations integrates different rainfall perspectives, from droplet formation and modeling developments to the experimental measurements and their analysis, to application in surface and subsurface hydrological investigations. Each chapter provides an updated representation of the involved subject with relative open problems and includes a case study at the end of the chapter. The book targets postgraduate readers studying meteorology, civil and environmental engineering, geophysics, agronomy and natural science, as well as practitioners working in the fields of hydrology, hydrogeology, agronomy and water resource management. Presents comprehensive coverage of rainfall-related topics, from the basic processes involved in the drop formation to data use and modeling Provides real-life examples for practical use in the form of a case study in each chapter
Author: Ning Lu
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1139619853
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 463
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Book Description
Landslides are caused by a failure of the mechanical balance within hillslopes. This balance is governed by two coupled physical processes: hydrological or subsurface flow and stress. The stabilizing strength of hillslope materials depends on effective stress, which is diminished by rainfall. This book presents a cutting-edge quantitative approach to understanding hydro-mechanical processes across variably saturated hillslope environments and to the study and prediction of rainfall-induced landslides. Topics covered include historic synthesis of hillslope geomorphology and hydrology, total and effective stress distributions, critical reviews of shear strength of hillslope materials and different bases for stability analysis. Exercises and homework problems are provided for students to engage with the theory in practice. This is an invaluable resource for graduate students and researchers in hydrology, geomorphology, engineering geology, geotechnical engineering and geomechanics and for professionals in the fields of civil and environmental engineering and natural hazard analysis.
Author: H. N. Holtan
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hydrology
Languages : en
Pages : 92
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hydrologic models
Languages : en
Pages : 428
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Book Description
Author: Gordon Bonan
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107043786
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 459
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Book Description
Provides an essential introduction to modeling terrestrial ecosystems in Earth system models for graduate students and researchers.
Author: Keith J. Beven
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 047071459X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 489
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Book Description
Rainfall-Runoff Modelling: The Primer, Second Edition is the follow-up of this popular and authoritative text, first published in 2001. The book provides both a primer for the novice and detailed descriptions of techniques for more advanced practitioners, covering rainfall-runoff models and their practical applications. This new edition extends these aims to include additional chapters dealing with prediction in ungauged basins, predicting residence time distributions, predicting the impacts of change and the next generation of hydrological models. Giving a comprehensive summary of available techniques based on established practices and recent research the book offers a thorough and accessible overview of the area. Rainfall-Runoff Modelling: The Primer Second Edition focuses on predicting hydrographs using models based on data and on representations of hydrological process. Dealing with the history of the development of rainfall-runoff models, uncertainty in mode predictions, good and bad practice and ending with a look at how to predict future catchment hydrological responses this book provides an essential underpinning of rainfall-runoff modelling topics. Fully revised and updated version of this highly popular text Suitable for both novices in the area and for more advanced users and developers Written by a leading expert in the field Guide to internet sources for rainfall-runoff modelling software
Author: American Society of Civil Engineers
Publisher: Amer Society of Civil Engineers
ISBN: 9780784401385
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 784
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Book Description
MOP 28 serves as a basic reference, providing a thorough, up-to-date guide for hydrologists.
Author: Vijay P Singh
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9811058016
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 718
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Book Description
This book contains seven parts. The first part deals with some aspects of rainfall analysis, including rainfall probability distribution, local rainfall interception, and analysis for reservoir release. Part 2 is on evapotranspiration and discusses development of neural network models, errors, and sensitivity. Part 3 focuses on various aspects of urban runoff, including hydrologic impacts, storm water management, and drainage systems. Part 4 deals with soil erosion and sediment, covering mineralogical composition, geostatistical analysis, land use impacts, and land use mapping. Part 5 treats remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) applications to different hydrologic problems. Watershed runoff and floods are discussed in Part 6, encompassing hydraulic, experimental, and theoretical aspects. Water modeling constitutes the concluding Part 7. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), Xinanjiang, and Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number (SCS-CN) models are discussed. The book is of interest to researchers and practitioners in the field of water resources, hydrology, environmental resources, agricultural engineering, watershed management, earth sciences, as well as those engaged in natural resources planning and management. Graduate students and those wishing to conduct further research in water and environment and their development and management find the book to be of value.
Author: Qingyun Duan
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783642399244
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Hydrometeorological prediction involves the forecasting of the state and variation of hydrometeorological elements -- including precipitation, temperature, humidity, soil moisture, river discharge, groundwater, etc.-- at different space and time scales. Such forecasts form an important scientific basis for informing public of natural hazards such as cyclones, heat waves, frosts, droughts and floods. Traditionally, and at most currently operational centers, hydrometeorological forecasts are deterministic, “single-valued” outlooks: i.e., the weather and hydrological models provide a single best guess of the magnitude and timing of the impending events. These forecasts suffer the obvious drawback of lacking uncertainty information that would help decision-makers assess the risks of forecast use. Recently, hydrometeorological ensemble forecast approaches have begun to be developed and used by operational collection of hydrometeorological services. In contrast to deterministic forecasts, ensemble forecasts are a multiple forecasts of the same events. The ensemble forecasts are generated by perturbing uncertain factors such as model forcings, initial conditions, and/or model physics. Ensemble techniques are attractive because they not only offer an estimate of the most probable future state of the hydrometeorological system, but also quantify the predictive uncertainty of a catastrophic hydrometeorological event occurring. The Hydrological Ensemble Prediction Experiment (HEPEX), initiated in 2004, has signaled a new era of collaboration toward the development of hydrometeorological ensemble forecasts. By bringing meteorologists, hydrologists and hydrometeorological forecast users together, HEPEX aims to improve operational hydrometeorological forecast approaches to a standard that can be used with confidence by emergencies and water resources managers. HEPEX advocates a hydrometeorological ensemble prediction system (HEPS) framework that consists of several basic building blocks. These components include:(a) an approach (typically statistical) for addressing uncertainty in meteorological inputs and generating statistically consistent space/time meteorological inputs for hydrological applications; (b) a land data assimilation approach for leveraging observation to reduce uncertainties in the initial and boundary conditions of the hydrological system; (c) approaches that address uncertainty in model parameters (also called ‘calibration’); (d) a hydrologic model or other approach for converting meteorological inputs into hydrological outputs; and finally (e) approaches for characterizing hydrological model output uncertainty. Also integral to HEPS is a verification system that can be used to evaluate the performance of all of its components. HEPS frameworks are being increasingly adopted by operational hydrometeorological agencies around the world to support risk management related to flash flooding, river and coastal flooding, drought, and water management. Real benefits of ensemble forecasts have been demonstrated in water emergence management decision making, optimization of reservoir operation, and other applications.
