Quelques problèmes liés à l'erreur statistique en homogénéisation stochastique

Quelques problèmes liés à l'erreur statistique en homogénéisation stochastique PDF Author: William Minvielle
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Le travail de cette thèse a porté sur le développement de techniques numériques pour l'homogénéisation d'équations dont les coefficients présentent des hétérogénéités aléatoires à petite échelle. Les difficultés liées à la résolution de telles équations aux dérivées partielles peuvent être résolues grâce à la théorie de l'homogénéisation stochastique. On substitue alors la résolution d'une équation dont les coefficients sont aléatoires et oscillants à l'échelle la plus fine du problème par la résolution d'une équation à coefficients constants. Cependant, une difficulté subsiste : le calcul de ces coefficients dits homogénéisés sont définis par une moyenne ergodique, que l'on ne peut atteindre en pratique. Seuls des approximations aléatoires de ces quantités déterministes sont calculables, et l'erreur commise lors de l'approximation est importante. Ces questions sont développées en détail dans le Chapitre 1 qui tient lieu d'introduction. L'objet du Chapitre 2 de cette thèse est de réduire l'erreur de cette approximation dans un cas nonlinéaire, en réduisant la variance de l'estimateur par la méthode des variables antithétiques. Dans le Chapitre 3, on montre comment obtenir une meilleure réduction de variance par la méthode des vari- ables de contrôle. Cette approche repose sur un modèle approché, disponible dans le cas étudié. Elle est plus invasive et moins générique, on l'étudie dans un cas linéaire. Dans le Chapitre 4, à nouveau dans un cas linéaire, on introduit une méthode de sélection pour réduire l'erreur commise. Enfin, le Chapitre 5 porte sur l'analyse d'un problème in- verse, où l'on recherche des paramètres à l'échelle la plus fine, ne connaissant que quelques quantités macroscopiques, par exemple les coefficients homogénéisés du modèle.

Quelques problèmes liés à l'erreur statistique en homogénéisation stochastique

Quelques problèmes liés à l'erreur statistique en homogénéisation stochastique PDF Author: William Minvielle
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

Get Book Here

Book Description
Le travail de cette thèse a porté sur le développement de techniques numériques pour l'homogénéisation d'équations dont les coefficients présentent des hétérogénéités aléatoires à petite échelle. Les difficultés liées à la résolution de telles équations aux dérivées partielles peuvent être résolues grâce à la théorie de l'homogénéisation stochastique. On substitue alors la résolution d'une équation dont les coefficients sont aléatoires et oscillants à l'échelle la plus fine du problème par la résolution d'une équation à coefficients constants. Cependant, une difficulté subsiste : le calcul de ces coefficients dits homogénéisés sont définis par une moyenne ergodique, que l'on ne peut atteindre en pratique. Seuls des approximations aléatoires de ces quantités déterministes sont calculables, et l'erreur commise lors de l'approximation est importante. Ces questions sont développées en détail dans le Chapitre 1 qui tient lieu d'introduction. L'objet du Chapitre 2 de cette thèse est de réduire l'erreur de cette approximation dans un cas nonlinéaire, en réduisant la variance de l'estimateur par la méthode des variables antithétiques. Dans le Chapitre 3, on montre comment obtenir une meilleure réduction de variance par la méthode des vari- ables de contrôle. Cette approche repose sur un modèle approché, disponible dans le cas étudié. Elle est plus invasive et moins générique, on l'étudie dans un cas linéaire. Dans le Chapitre 4, à nouveau dans un cas linéaire, on introduit une méthode de sélection pour réduire l'erreur commise. Enfin, le Chapitre 5 porte sur l'analyse d'un problème in- verse, où l'on recherche des paramètres à l'échelle la plus fine, ne connaissant que quelques quantités macroscopiques, par exemple les coefficients homogénéisés du modèle.

Quantitative Stochastic Homogenization and Large-Scale Regularity

Quantitative Stochastic Homogenization and Large-Scale Regularity PDF Author: Scott Armstrong
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030155455
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 548

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Book Description
The focus of this book is the large-scale statistical behavior of solutions of divergence-form elliptic equations with random coefficients, which is closely related to the long-time asymptotics of reversible diffusions in random media and other basic models of statistical physics. Of particular interest is the quantification of the rate at which solutions converge to those of the limiting, homogenized equation in the regime of large scale separation, and the description of their fluctuations around this limit. This self-contained presentation gives a complete account of the essential ideas and fundamental results of this new theory of quantitative stochastic homogenization, including the latest research on the topic, and is supplemented with many new results. The book serves as an introduction to the subject for advanced graduate students and researchers working in partial differential equations, statistical physics, probability and related fields, as well as a comprehensive reference for experts in homogenization. Being the first text concerned primarily with stochastic (as opposed to periodic) homogenization and which focuses on quantitative results, its perspective and approach are entirely different from other books in the literature.

Design and Modeling of Mechanical Systems

Design and Modeling of Mechanical Systems PDF Author: Mohamed Haddar
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642371434
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 653

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Book Description
The 5th International Congress on Design and Modeling of Mechanical Systems (CMSM) was held in Djerba, Tunisia on March 25-27, 2013 and followed four previous successful editions, which brought together international experts in the fields of design and modeling of mechanical systems, thus contributing to the exchange of information and skills and leading to a considerable progress in research among the participating teams. The fifth edition of the congress (CMSM ́2013), organized by the Unit of Mechanics, Modeling and Manufacturing (U2MP) of the National School of Engineers of Sfax, Tunisia, the Mechanical Engineering Laboratory (MBL) of the National School of Engineers of Monastir, Tunisia and the Mechanics Laboratory of Sousse (LMS) of the National School of Engineers of Sousse, Tunisia, saw a significant increase of the international participation. This edition brought together nearly 300 attendees who exposed their work on the following topics: mechatronics and robotics, dynamics of mechanical systems, fluid structure interaction and vibroacoustics, modeling and analysis of materials and structures, design and manufacturing of mechanical systems. This book is the proceedings of CMSM ́2013 and contains a careful selection of high quality contributions, which were exposed during various sessions of the congress. The original articles presented here provide an overview of recent research advancements accomplished in the field mechanical engineering.

Constructing a Sociology of Translation

Constructing a Sociology of Translation PDF Author: Michaela Wolf
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN: 9789027216823
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 246

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Book Description
The view of translation as a socially regulated activity has opened up a broad field of research in the last few years. This volume deals with central questions of the new domain and aims to contribute to the conceptualisation of a general sociology of translation. Interdisciplinary in approach, it discusses the role of major representatives of sociology like Pierre Bourdieu, Bruno Latour, Bernard Lahire, Anthony Giddens or Niklas Luhmann in establishing a theoretical framework for a sociology of translation. Drawing on methodologies from sociology and integrating them into translation studies, the book questions some of the established categories in this discipline and calls for a redefinition of long-assumed principles. The contributions show the social involvement of translation in various fields and focus especially on the translator s position in an emerging sociology of translation, Bourdieu s influence in conceptualising this new sub-discipline, methodological questions and a sociologically oriented meta-discussion of translation studies.

Computational Statistical Physics

Computational Statistical Physics PDF Author: K.-H. Hoffmann
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662048043
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 312

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Book Description
In recent years statistical physics has made significant progress as a result of advances in numerical techniques. While good textbooks exist on the general aspects of statistical physics, the numerical methods and the new developments based on large-scale computing are not usually adequately presented. In this book 16 experts describe the application of methods of statistical physics to various areas in physics such as disordered materials, quasicrystals, semiconductors, and also to other areas beyond physics, such as financial markets, game theory, evolution, and traffic planning, in which statistical physics has recently become significant. In this way the universality of the underlying concepts and methods such as fractals, random matrix theory, time series, neural networks, evolutionary algorithms, becomes clear. The topics are covered by introductory, tutorial presentations.

Life Insurance Mathematics

Life Insurance Mathematics PDF Author: Hans U. Gerber
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662026554
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 137

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Book Description
HaIley's Comet has been prominently displayed in many newspapers during the last few months. For the first time in 76 years it appeared this winter, clearly visible against the nocturnal sky. This is an appropriate occasion to point out the fact that Sir Edmund Halley also constructed the world's first life table in 1693, thus creating the scientific foundation of life insurance. Halley's life table and its successors were viewed as deterministic laws, i. e. the number of deaths in any given group and year was considered to be a weIl defined number that could be calculated by means of a life table. However, in reality this number is random. Thus any mathematical treatment of life insurance will have to rely more and more on prob ability theory. By sponsoring this monograph the Swiss Association of Actuaries wishes to support the "modern" probabilistic view oflife contingencies. We are fortu nate that Professor Gerber, an internationally renowned expert, has assumed the task of writing the monograph. We thank the Springer-Verlag and hope that this monograph will be the first in a successful series of actuarial texts. Hans Bühlmann Zürich, March 1986 President Swiss Association of Actuaries Preface Two major developments have influenced the environment of actuarial math ematics. One is the arrival of powerful and affordable computers; the once important problem of numerical calculation has become almost trivial in many instances.

High Performance Concrete

High Performance Concrete PDF Author: Y. Malier
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351440896
Category : Architecture
Languages : en
Pages : 570

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Book Description
Provides a thorough review of properties, durability and use of high performance concrete, derived from recent research and experience. This book contains contributions from the leading French, Canadian and Swiss researchers, designers and material specialists, translated into English for the first time.

Flow and Contaminant Transport in Fractured Rock

Flow and Contaminant Transport in Fractured Rock PDF Author: Jacob Bear
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080916473
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 575

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Book Description
In the past two or three decades, fractured rock domains have received increasing attention not only in reservoir engineering and hydrology, but also in connection with geological isolation of radioactive waste. Locations in both the saturated and unsaturated zones have been under consideration because such repositories are sources of heat and potential sources of groundwater contamination. Thus, in addition to the transport of mass of fluid phases in single and multiphase flow, the issues of heat transport and mass transport of components have to be addressed.

Hydrology of Mediterranean and Semiarid Regions

Hydrology of Mediterranean and Semiarid Regions PDF Author: Eric Servat
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781901502121
Category : Arid regions
Languages : fr
Pages : 518

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Book Description


Product Life-Cycle Management

Product Life-Cycle Management PDF Author: Max Giordano
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118587529
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 389

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Book Description
This book gives a comprehensive view of the most recent major international research in the field of tolerancing, and is an excellent resource for anyone interested in Computer Aided Tolerating. It is organized into 4 parts. Part 1 focuses on the more general problems of tolerance analysis and synthesis, for tolerancing in mechanical design and manufacturing processes. Part 2 specifically highlights the simulation of assembly with defects, and the influence of tolerances on the quality of the assembly. Part 3 deals with measurement aspects, and quality control throughout the life cycle. Different measurement technologies and methods for estimating uncertainty are considered. In Part 4, different aspects of tolerancing and their interactions are explored, from the definition of functional requirement to measurement processes in a PLM approach.