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Author: Zyun Francis Ezawa
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company
ISBN: 9814518476
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 928
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Book Description
Enthusiasm for research on the quantum Hall effect (QHE) is unbounded. The QHE is one of the most fascinating and beautiful phenomena in all branches of physics. Tremendous theoretical and experimental developments are still being made in this sphere. Composite bosons, composite fermions and anyons were among distinguishing ideas in the original edition.In the 2nd edition, fantastic phenomena associated with the interlayer phase coherence in the bilayer system were extensively described. The microscopic theory of the QHE was formulated based on the noncommutative geometry. Furthermore, the unconventional QHE in graphene was reviewed, where the electron dynamics can be treated as relativistic Dirac fermions and even the supersymmetric quantum mechanics plays a key role.In this 3rd edition, all chapters are carefully reexamined and updated. A highlight is the new chapter on topological insulators. Indeed, the concept of topological insulator stems from the QHE. Other new topics are recent prominent experimental discoveries in the QHE, provided by the experimentalists themselves in Part V. This new edition presents an instructive and comprehensive overview of the QHE. It is also suitable for an introduction to quantum field theory with vividly described applications. Only knowledge of quantum mechanics is assumed. This book is ideal for students and researchers in condensed matter physics, particle physics, theoretical physics and mathematical physics.
Author: Zyun Francis Ezawa
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company
ISBN: 9814518476
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 928
Get Book Here
Book Description
Enthusiasm for research on the quantum Hall effect (QHE) is unbounded. The QHE is one of the most fascinating and beautiful phenomena in all branches of physics. Tremendous theoretical and experimental developments are still being made in this sphere. Composite bosons, composite fermions and anyons were among distinguishing ideas in the original edition.In the 2nd edition, fantastic phenomena associated with the interlayer phase coherence in the bilayer system were extensively described. The microscopic theory of the QHE was formulated based on the noncommutative geometry. Furthermore, the unconventional QHE in graphene was reviewed, where the electron dynamics can be treated as relativistic Dirac fermions and even the supersymmetric quantum mechanics plays a key role.In this 3rd edition, all chapters are carefully reexamined and updated. A highlight is the new chapter on topological insulators. Indeed, the concept of topological insulator stems from the QHE. Other new topics are recent prominent experimental discoveries in the QHE, provided by the experimentalists themselves in Part V. This new edition presents an instructive and comprehensive overview of the QHE. It is also suitable for an introduction to quantum field theory with vividly described applications. Only knowledge of quantum mechanics is assumed. This book is ideal for students and researchers in condensed matter physics, particle physics, theoretical physics and mathematical physics.
Author: Zyun Francis Ezawa
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company
ISBN: 9789813203662
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 928
Get Book Here
Book Description
Enthusiasm for research on the quantum Hall effect (QHE) is unbounded. The QHE is one of the most fascinating and beautiful phenomena in all branches of physics. Tremendous theoretical and experimental developments are still being made in this sphere. Composite bosons, composite fermions and anyons were among distinguishing ideas in the original edition.In the 2nd edition, fantastic phenomena associated with the interlayer phase coherence in the bilayer system were extensively described. The microscopic theory of the QHE was formulated based on the noncommutative geometry. Furthermore, the unconventional QHE in graphene was reviewed, where the electron dynamics can be treated as relativistic Dirac fermions and even the supersymmetric quantum mechanics plays a key role.In this 3rd edition, all chapters are carefully reexamined and updated. A highlight is the new chapter on topological insulators. Indeed, the concept of topological insulator stems from the QHE. Other new topics are recent prominent experimental discoveries in the QHE, provided by the experimentalists themselves in Part V. This new edition presents an instructive and comprehensive overview of the QHE. It is also suitable for an introduction to quantum field theory with vividly described applications. Only knowledge of quantum mechanics is assumed. This book is ideal for students and researchers in condensed matter physics, particle physics, theoretical physics and mathematical physics.
Author: Mannque Rho
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814704423
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 748
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Book Description
' This book presents, in the form of reviews by world''s leading physicists in wide-ranging fields in theoretical physics, the influence and prescience of Skyrme''s daring idea of 1960, originally conceived for nuclear physics, that fermions can arise from bosons via topological solitons, pervasively playing a powerful role in wide-ranging areas of physics, from nuclear/astrophysics, to particle physics, to string theory and to condensed matter physics. The skyrmion description, both from gauge theory and from gauge/gravity duality, offers solutions to some long-standing and extremely difficult problems at high baryonic density, inaccessible by QCD proper. It also offers explanations and makes startling predictions for fascinating new phenomena in condensed matter systems. In both cases, what is at the core is the topology although the phenomena are drastically different, even involving different spacetime dimensions. This second edition has been expanded with addition of new reviews and extensively updated to take into account the latest developments in the field. Contents:Hadrons and Nuclear Matter:Skyrmions and Nuclei (R A Battye, N S Manton and P M Sutcliffe)States of Carbon-12 in the Skyrme Model (P H C Lau and N S Manton)Electromagnetic Form Factors of the Nucleon in Chiral Soliton Models (G Holzwarth)Exotic Baryon Resonances in the Skyrme Model (D Diakonov and V Petrov)Heavy-Quark Skyrmions (N N Scoccola)Pentaquark Candidates P+c(4380) and P+c(4450) within the Soliton Picture of Baryons (N N Scoccola, D O Riska and M Rho)Skyrmion Approach to Finite Density and Temperature (B-Y Park and V Vento)Fractionized Skyrmions in Dense Compact-Star Matter (M Harada, Y-L Ma, H K Lee and M Rho)The Skyrme Model in the BPS Limit (C Adam, C Naya, J Sánchez-Guillén, R Vazquez and A Wereszczyński)Superqualitons: Baryons in Dense QCD (D K Hong)Condensed Matter:Rotational Symmetry Breaking in Baby Skyrme Models (M Karliner and I Hen)Emergent Gauge Fields and Their Nonperturbative Effects in Correlated Electrons (K-S Kim and A Tanaka)Spin and Isospin: Exotic Order in Quantum Hall Ferromanets (S M Girvin)Noncommutative Skyrmions in Quantum Hall Systems (Z F Ezawa and G Tsitsishvili)Meron-Pair Excitations in Bilayer Quantum Hall System (K Moon)Spin and Pseudospin Textures in Quantum Hall Systems (H A Fertig and L Brey)Half-Skyrmion Theory for High-Temperature Superconductivity (T Morinari)Deconfined Quantum Critical Points (T Senthil, A Vishwanath, L Balents, S Sachdev and M P A Fisher)Skyrmions in a Density-Wave State: A Mechanism for Chiral Superconductivity (S Chakravarty and C-H Hsu)String Theory:Skyrmion and String Theory (S Sugimoto)Holographic Baryons (P Yi)The Cheshire Cat Principle from Holography (H B Nielsen and I Zahed)Baryon Physics in a Five-Dimensional Model of Hadrons (A Pomarol and A Wulzer)Holographic Skyrmions (P M Sutcliffe)Holographic Baryons and Instanton Crystal (V Kaplunovsky, D Melnikov and J Sonnenschein) Readership: Research scientists in the fields of condensed matter physics, nuclear and particle physics, and string theory. '
Author: Zyun Francis Ezawa
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9812700323
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 741
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Book Description
A pedagogical and self-contained discussion on monolayer and bilayer quantum Hall systems is given in this volume in a field-theoretical framework, with an introduction to quantum field theory, anyon physics and Chem-Simons gauge theory.
Author: Tudor D. Stanescu
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 135172228X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
What is "topological" about topological quantum states? How many types of topological quantum phases are there? What is a zero-energy Majorana mode, how can it be realized in a solid state system, and how can it be used as a platform for topological quantum computation? What is quantum computation and what makes it different from classical computation? Addressing these and other related questions, Introduction to Topological Quantum Matter & Quantum Computation provides an introduction to and a synthesis of a fascinating and rapidly expanding research field emerging at the crossroads of condensed matter physics, mathematics, and computer science. Providing the big picture, this book is ideal for graduate students and researchers entering this field as it allows for the fruitful transfer of paradigms and ideas amongst different areas, and includes many specific examples to help the reader understand abstract and sometimes challenging concepts. It explores the topological quantum world beyond the well-known topological insulators and superconductors and emphasizes the deep connections with quantum computation. It addresses key principles behind the classification of topological quantum phases and relevant mathematical concepts and discusses models of interacting and noninteracting topological systems, such as the torric code and the p-wave superconductor. The book also covers the basic properties of anyons, and aspects concerning the realization of topological states in solid state structures and cold atom systems. Quantum computation is also presented using a broad perspective, which includes fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics, such as Bell's theorem, basic concepts in the theory of computation, such as computational models and computational complexity, examples of quantum algorithms, and elements of classical and quantum information theory.
Author: Steven M. Girvin
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108573479
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 720
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Book Description
Modern Condensed Matter Physics brings together the most important advances in the field of recent decades. It provides instructors teaching graduate-level condensed matter courses with a comprehensive and in-depth textbook that will prepare graduate students for research or further study as well as reading more advanced and specialized books and research literature in the field. This textbook covers the basics of crystalline solids as well as analogous optical lattices and photonic crystals, while discussing cutting-edge topics such as disordered systems, mesoscopic systems, many-body systems, quantum magnetism, Bose–Einstein condensates, quantum entanglement, and superconducting quantum bits. Students are provided with the appropriate mathematical background to understand the topological concepts that have been permeating the field, together with numerous physical examples ranging from the fractional quantum Hall effect to topological insulators, the toric code, and majorana fermions. Exercises, commentary boxes, and appendices afford guidance and feedback for beginners and experts alike.
Author: Sankar Das Sarma
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 3527617264
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 444
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Book Description
The discovery of the quantized and fractional Quantum Hall Effect phenomena is among the most important physics findings in the latter half of this century. The precise quantization of the electrical resistance involved in the quantized Hall effect phenomena has led to the new definition of the resistance standard and has metrologically affected all of science and technology. This resource consists of contributions from the top researchers in the field who present recent experimental and theoretical developments. Each chapter is self-contained and includes its own set of references guiding readers to original papers and further reading on the topic.
Author: Zyun Francis Ezawa
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company
ISBN: 9813106808
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 741
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Book Description
The quantum Hall effect (QHE) is one of the most fascinating and beautiful phenomena in all branches of physics. Tremendous theoretical and experimental developments are still being made in this sphere. In the original edition of this book, composite bosons, composite fermions and fractional charged excitations (anyons) were among the distinguished ideas presented. This new edition includes many novel ideas according to recent progress. Fantastic phenomena associated with the interlayer phase coherence and SU(4) quantum Hall ferromagnets in the bilayer system are extensively reviewed. The microscopic theory of the QHE is formulated based on noncommutative geometry, the underlying mathematical structure. Quasiparticles are described as noncommutative solitons. The coverage also includes the recent development of the unconventional QHE in graphene (a single atomic layer graphite), where the electron dynamics can be treated as relativistic Dirac fermions and even the supersymmetric quantum mechanics plays a key role. An instructive and comprehensive overview of the QHE, this book is also suitable as an introduction to quantum field theory with vivid applications. Only a knowledge of quantum mechanics is assumed.
Author: Tapash Chakraborty
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642971016
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 186
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Book Description
The experimental discovery of the fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE) at the end of 1981 by Tsui, Stormer and Gossard was absolutely unexpected since, at this time, no theoretical work existed that could predict new struc tures in the magnetotransport coefficients under conditions representing the extreme quantum limit. It is more than thirty years since investigations of bulk semiconductors in very strong magnetic fields were begun. Under these conditions, only the lowest Landau level is occupied and the theory predicted a monotonic variation of the resistivity with increasing magnetic field, depending sensitively on the scattering mechanism. However, the ex perimental data could not be analyzed accurately since magnetic freeze-out effects and the transitions from a degenerate to a nondegenerate system complicated the interpretation of the data. For a two-dimensional electron gas, where the positive background charge is well separated from the two dimensional system, magnetic freeze-out effects are barely visible and an analysis of the data in the extreme quantum limit seems to be easier. First measurements in this magnetic field region on silicon field-effect transistors were not successful because the disorder in these devices was so large that all electrons in the lowest Landau level were localized. Consequently, models of a spin glass and finally of a Wigner solid were developed and much effort was put into developing the technology for improving the quality of semi conductor materials and devices, especially in the field of two-dimensional electron systems.
Author: Richard E. Prange
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 146123350X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 487
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Book Description
After a foreword by Klaus von Klitzing, the first chapters of this book discuss the prehistory and the theoretical basis as well as the implications of the discovery of the Quantum Hall effect on superconductivity, superfluidity, and metrology, including experimentation. The second half of this volume is concerned with the theory of and experiments on the many body problem posed by fractional effect. Specific unsolved problems are mentioned throughout the book and a summary is made in the final chapter. The quantum Hall effect was discovered on about the hundredth anniversary of Hall's original work, and the finding was announced in 1980 by von Klitzing, Dorda and Pepper. Klaus von KIitzing was awarded the 1985 Nobel prize in physics for this discovery.
