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Author: Zyun Francis Ezawa
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company
ISBN: 9814518476
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 928
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Book Description
Enthusiasm for research on the quantum Hall effect (QHE) is unbounded. The QHE is one of the most fascinating and beautiful phenomena in all branches of physics. Tremendous theoretical and experimental developments are still being made in this sphere. Composite bosons, composite fermions and anyons were among distinguishing ideas in the original edition.In the 2nd edition, fantastic phenomena associated with the interlayer phase coherence in the bilayer system were extensively described. The microscopic theory of the QHE was formulated based on the noncommutative geometry. Furthermore, the unconventional QHE in graphene was reviewed, where the electron dynamics can be treated as relativistic Dirac fermions and even the supersymmetric quantum mechanics plays a key role.In this 3rd edition, all chapters are carefully reexamined and updated. A highlight is the new chapter on topological insulators. Indeed, the concept of topological insulator stems from the QHE. Other new topics are recent prominent experimental discoveries in the QHE, provided by the experimentalists themselves in Part V. This new edition presents an instructive and comprehensive overview of the QHE. It is also suitable for an introduction to quantum field theory with vividly described applications. Only knowledge of quantum mechanics is assumed. This book is ideal for students and researchers in condensed matter physics, particle physics, theoretical physics and mathematical physics.
Author: Zyun Francis Ezawa
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Company
ISBN: 9814518476
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 928
Get Book Here
Book Description
Enthusiasm for research on the quantum Hall effect (QHE) is unbounded. The QHE is one of the most fascinating and beautiful phenomena in all branches of physics. Tremendous theoretical and experimental developments are still being made in this sphere. Composite bosons, composite fermions and anyons were among distinguishing ideas in the original edition.In the 2nd edition, fantastic phenomena associated with the interlayer phase coherence in the bilayer system were extensively described. The microscopic theory of the QHE was formulated based on the noncommutative geometry. Furthermore, the unconventional QHE in graphene was reviewed, where the electron dynamics can be treated as relativistic Dirac fermions and even the supersymmetric quantum mechanics plays a key role.In this 3rd edition, all chapters are carefully reexamined and updated. A highlight is the new chapter on topological insulators. Indeed, the concept of topological insulator stems from the QHE. Other new topics are recent prominent experimental discoveries in the QHE, provided by the experimentalists themselves in Part V. This new edition presents an instructive and comprehensive overview of the QHE. It is also suitable for an introduction to quantum field theory with vividly described applications. Only knowledge of quantum mechanics is assumed. This book is ideal for students and researchers in condensed matter physics, particle physics, theoretical physics and mathematical physics.
Author: Mannque Rho
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9814704423
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 748
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Book Description
' This book presents, in the form of reviews by world''s leading physicists in wide-ranging fields in theoretical physics, the influence and prescience of Skyrme''s daring idea of 1960, originally conceived for nuclear physics, that fermions can arise from bosons via topological solitons, pervasively playing a powerful role in wide-ranging areas of physics, from nuclear/astrophysics, to particle physics, to string theory and to condensed matter physics. The skyrmion description, both from gauge theory and from gauge/gravity duality, offers solutions to some long-standing and extremely difficult problems at high baryonic density, inaccessible by QCD proper. It also offers explanations and makes startling predictions for fascinating new phenomena in condensed matter systems. In both cases, what is at the core is the topology although the phenomena are drastically different, even involving different spacetime dimensions. This second edition has been expanded with addition of new reviews and extensively updated to take into account the latest developments in the field. Contents:Hadrons and Nuclear Matter:Skyrmions and Nuclei (R A Battye, N S Manton and P M Sutcliffe)States of Carbon-12 in the Skyrme Model (P H C Lau and N S Manton)Electromagnetic Form Factors of the Nucleon in Chiral Soliton Models (G Holzwarth)Exotic Baryon Resonances in the Skyrme Model (D Diakonov and V Petrov)Heavy-Quark Skyrmions (N N Scoccola)Pentaquark Candidates P+c(4380) and P+c(4450) within the Soliton Picture of Baryons (N N Scoccola, D O Riska and M Rho)Skyrmion Approach to Finite Density and Temperature (B-Y Park and V Vento)Fractionized Skyrmions in Dense Compact-Star Matter (M Harada, Y-L Ma, H K Lee and M Rho)The Skyrme Model in the BPS Limit (C Adam, C Naya, J Sánchez-Guillén, R Vazquez and A Wereszczyński)Superqualitons: Baryons in Dense QCD (D K Hong)Condensed Matter:Rotational Symmetry Breaking in Baby Skyrme Models (M Karliner and I Hen)Emergent Gauge Fields and Their Nonperturbative Effects in Correlated Electrons (K-S Kim and A Tanaka)Spin and Isospin: Exotic Order in Quantum Hall Ferromanets (S M Girvin)Noncommutative Skyrmions in Quantum Hall Systems (Z F Ezawa and G Tsitsishvili)Meron-Pair Excitations in Bilayer Quantum Hall System (K Moon)Spin and Pseudospin Textures in Quantum Hall Systems (H A Fertig and L Brey)Half-Skyrmion Theory for High-Temperature Superconductivity (T Morinari)Deconfined Quantum Critical Points (T Senthil, A Vishwanath, L Balents, S Sachdev and M P A Fisher)Skyrmions in a Density-Wave State: A Mechanism for Chiral Superconductivity (S Chakravarty and C-H Hsu)String Theory:Skyrmion and String Theory (S Sugimoto)Holographic Baryons (P Yi)The Cheshire Cat Principle from Holography (H B Nielsen and I Zahed)Baryon Physics in a Five-Dimensional Model of Hadrons (A Pomarol and A Wulzer)Holographic Skyrmions (P M Sutcliffe)Holographic Baryons and Instanton Crystal (V Kaplunovsky, D Melnikov and J Sonnenschein) Readership: Research scientists in the fields of condensed matter physics, nuclear and particle physics, and string theory. '
Author: Tudor D. Stanescu
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 135172228X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 284
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Book Description
What is "topological" about topological quantum states? How many types of topological quantum phases are there? What is a zero-energy Majorana mode, how can it be realized in a solid state system, and how can it be used as a platform for topological quantum computation? What is quantum computation and what makes it different from classical computation? Addressing these and other related questions, Introduction to Topological Quantum Matter & Quantum Computation provides an introduction to and a synthesis of a fascinating and rapidly expanding research field emerging at the crossroads of condensed matter physics, mathematics, and computer science. Providing the big picture, this book is ideal for graduate students and researchers entering this field as it allows for the fruitful transfer of paradigms and ideas amongst different areas, and includes many specific examples to help the reader understand abstract and sometimes challenging concepts. It explores the topological quantum world beyond the well-known topological insulators and superconductors and emphasizes the deep connections with quantum computation. It addresses key principles behind the classification of topological quantum phases and relevant mathematical concepts and discusses models of interacting and noninteracting topological systems, such as the torric code and the p-wave superconductor. The book also covers the basic properties of anyons, and aspects concerning the realization of topological states in solid state structures and cold atom systems. Quantum computation is also presented using a broad perspective, which includes fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics, such as Bell's theorem, basic concepts in the theory of computation, such as computational models and computational complexity, examples of quantum algorithms, and elements of classical and quantum information theory.
Author: Steven M. Girvin
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108573479
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 720
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Book Description
Modern Condensed Matter Physics brings together the most important advances in the field of recent decades. It provides instructors teaching graduate-level condensed matter courses with a comprehensive and in-depth textbook that will prepare graduate students for research or further study as well as reading more advanced and specialized books and research literature in the field. This textbook covers the basics of crystalline solids as well as analogous optical lattices and photonic crystals, while discussing cutting-edge topics such as disordered systems, mesoscopic systems, many-body systems, quantum magnetism, Bose–Einstein condensates, quantum entanglement, and superconducting quantum bits. Students are provided with the appropriate mathematical background to understand the topological concepts that have been permeating the field, together with numerous physical examples ranging from the fractional quantum Hall effect to topological insulators, the toric code, and majorana fermions. Exercises, commentary boxes, and appendices afford guidance and feedback for beginners and experts alike.
Author: Bertrand I Halperin
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9811217505
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 551
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Book Description
The fractional quantum Hall effect has been one of the most active areas of research in quantum condensed matter physics for nearly four decades, serving as a paradigm for unexpected and exotic emergent behavior arising from interactions. This book, featuring a collection of articles written by experts and a Foreword by Klaus von Klitzing, the discoverer of quantum Hall effect and winner of 1985 Nobel Prize in physics, aims to provide a coherent account of the exciting new developments and the current status of the field.
Author: Zyun Francis Ezawa
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9812700323
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 741
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Book Description
A pedagogical and self-contained discussion on monolayer and bilayer quantum Hall systems is given in this volume in a field-theoretical framework, with an introduction to quantum field theory, anyon physics and Chem-Simons gauge theory.
Author: Alexander Altland
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 0521769752
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 785
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Book Description
This primer is aimed at elevating graduate students of condensed matter theory to a level where they can engage in independent research. Topics covered include second quantisation, path and functional field integration, mean-field theory and collective phenomena.
Author: Richard E. Prange
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 146123350X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 487
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Book Description
After a foreword by Klaus von Klitzing, the first chapters of this book discuss the prehistory and the theoretical basis as well as the implications of the discovery of the Quantum Hall effect on superconductivity, superfluidity, and metrology, including experimentation. The second half of this volume is concerned with the theory of and experiments on the many body problem posed by fractional effect. Specific unsolved problems are mentioned throughout the book and a summary is made in the final chapter. The quantum Hall effect was discovered on about the hundredth anniversary of Hall's original work, and the finding was announced in 1980 by von Klitzing, Dorda and Pepper. Klaus von KIitzing was awarded the 1985 Nobel prize in physics for this discovery.
Author: Shun-Qing Shen
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 364232858X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 234
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Book Description
Topological insulators are insulating in the bulk, but process metallic states present around its boundary owing to the topological origin of the band structure. The metallic edge or surface states are immune to weak disorder or impurities, and robust against the deformation of the system geometry. This book, the first of its kind on topological insulators, presents a unified description of topological insulators from one to three dimensions based on the modified Dirac equation. A series of solutions of the bound states near the boundary are derived, and the existing conditions of these solutions are described. Topological invariants and their applications to a variety of systems from one-dimensional polyacetalene, to two-dimensional quantum spin Hall effect and p-wave superconductors, and three-dimensional topological insulators and superconductors or superfluids are introduced, helping readers to better understand this fascinating new field. This book is intended for researchers and graduate students working in the field of topological insulators and related areas. Shun-Qing Shen is a Professor at the Department of Physics, the University of Hong Kong, China.
Author: Augusto Garuccio
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461525500
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 610
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Book Description
From September 24 through 30, 1992 the Workshop on "Waves and Parti cles in Light and Matter" was held in the Italian city of Trani in celebration of the centenary of Louis de Broglie's birth. As is well known, the relationship between quantum theory and ob jective reality was one of the main threads running through the researches of this French physicist. It was therefore in a fitting tribute to him on his 90th birthday that ten years ago an international conference on the same subject was convened in Perugia. On that occasion, physicists from all over the world interested in the problematics of wave-particle duality engaged in thoughtful debates (the proceedings of which were subsequently published) on recent theoretical and experimental developments in our understanding of the foundations of quantum mechanics. This time around, about 120 scientists, coming from 5 continents, in the warm and pleasant atmosphere of Trani's Colonna Conference Center focussed their discussions on recent results concerned with the EPR para dox, matter-interferometry, reality of de Broglie's waves, photon detection, macroscopic quantum coherence, alternative theories to usual quantum mechanics, special relativity, state reduction, and other related topics. The workshop was organized in plenary sessions, round tables, and poster sessions, and the present volume collects most-but not all-of the presented papers. A number of acknowledgements are due. We thank, first of all, the contributors, without whose constant dedication this volume could not have been published.
