QTL Analysis of Drought Tolerance in Spring Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) PDF Download
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Author: Seifeldin Elrayah Ibrahim Mohamed
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783832258870
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 111
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Book Description
Author: Seifeldin Elrayah Ibrahim Mohamed
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783832258870
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 111
Get Book Here
Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Water availability is commonly the most limiting factor to crop production, especially in drought prone areas like the Midwest. This study was conducted to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) involved in drought tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to enable their use for marker assisted selection (MAS) in breeding. A population of 122 F[subscript]7 derived recombinant inbred lines from a cross between Dharwar Dry and Sitta, spring wheat lines with contrasting drought tolerances, was analyzed using the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique and Diversity Array Technology (DArT) markers to create a QTL map. Of the 256 AFLP primer combinations evaluated, 151 were found to be polymorphic between the parents and were used to screen the population. A linkage map of 48 groups was created from the combined DArT markers, AFLP data, and SSR markers. This was used to create a QTL map which identified QTL in 24 of these groups. Using these markers for MAS in a breeding program could overcome the difficulties of selecting for drought tolerance. Another serious limitation to wheat production is leaf rust caused by the pathogen Puccinia triticina. Leaf rust causes between 1% and 20% yield loss on average and tends to be the worst in years with high yield potential. PI 289824 contains a single, dominant gene for seedling resistance mapping to chromosome 5BS and thought to be different from Lr52. An F[subscript]2 mapping population from a cross between PI 289824 and Jagger was used to try to identify markers very closely linked to the gene and therefore useful for MAS. The population presented some mapping challenges, but with the use of SSR and EST-STS markers, the gene was flanked. However, the markers were at too a great distance to be useful for mapping.
Author: Surya Laxmi Shrestha
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Drought is a limiting factor for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in the low precipitation regions of the Pacific Northwest (PNW). To improve wheat performance in drought, this study focused on three main objectives. Our first objective was to determine water use efficiency (WUE) in the PNW wheat lines through carbon isotope discrimination (CID) technique. Genotypic variation of CID was found in soft spring and hard winter wheat lines. Low CID or high WUE was found important for increasing yield of soft spring wheat lines in drought and semi-drought environments but not in other wheat types. The second objective of this study was to determine important physiological traits associated with yield. Fifteen spring wheat, 140 Alpowa/Express (AE) recombinant inbred lines (RILs) and 165 Hollis/Drysdale (HD) RILs, were evaluated in replicated field trials in two moisture environments, rainfed and irrigated, in different years. The wheat materials were screened for physiological (CT, CID, FLS: Flag leaf senescence), agronomic and phenological traits. The low canopy temperature (CT) was consistently associated with high yield in all wheat lines. The study found that CT was the main driver of wheat adaptation in drought in studied environmental conditions. Our third objective was to identify genomic regions associated with the studied traits through quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping. In the AE population, yield and test weight QTL were identified on chromosome 1B in the irrigated environments but none of the QTL for physiological traits was found in this chromosomal region. The major QTL associated with yield and CT (at milking), which explained 15 and 22% of the phenotypic variation, were found on chromosome 3B in terminal drought environment. In the HD population, two QTL associated with yield were identified on chromosomes 2A and 4A in averaged rainfed environments in which yield QTL on chromosome 4A explained 35% of the phenotypic variation. These QTL for yield were associated with later FLS. Through the genetic dissection of yield into component traits, this study may help to incorporate quantitative traits into wheat drought breeding programs through marker-assisted selection.
Author: Abraham Blum
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441974911
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 267
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Book Description
This volume will be the only existing single-authored book offering a science-based breeder’s manual directed at breeding for water-limited environments. Plant breeding is characterized by the need to integrate information from diverse disciplines towards the development and delivery of a product defines as a new cultivar. Conventional breeding draws information from disciplines such as genetics, plant physiology, plant pathology, entomology, food technology and statistics. Plant breeding for water-limited environments and the development of drought resistant crop cultivars is considered as one of the more difficult areas in plant breeding while at the same time it is becoming a very pressing issue. This volume is unique and timely in that it develops realistic solutions and protocols towards the breeding of drought resistant cultivars by integrating knowledge from environmental science, plant physiology, genetics and molecular biology.
Author: Rudi Appels
Publisher: Sydney University Press
ISBN: 1920899081
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 349
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Book Description
The papers herein are volume 1 of the proceedings of the 11th International Wheat Genetics Symposium, held in Brisbane, Australia, in 2008. The series presents the science of the genetic sciences applied to bread and durum wheats and other species.
Author: M. Ashraf
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 140209065X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 241
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Book Description
Salinity and water stress limit crop productivity worldwide and generate substantial economic losses each year, yet innovative research on crop and natural resource management can reveal cost-effective ways in which farmers can increase both their productivity and their income. Presenting recent research findings on salt stress, water stress and stress-adapted plants, this book offers insights into new strategies for increasing the efficiency of crops under stressful environments. The strategies are based on conventional breeding and advanced molecular techniques used by plant physiologists, and are discussed using specific case studies to illustrate their potential. The book emphasizes the effects of environmental factors on specific stages of plant development, and discusses the role of plant growth regulators, nutrients, osmoprotectants and antioxidants in counteracting their adverse affects. Synthesising updated information on mechansisms of stress tolerance at cell, tissue and whole-plant level, this book provides a useful reference text for post graduate students and researchers involved in the fields of stress physiology and plant physiology in general, with additional readership amongst researchers in horticulture, agronomy, crop science, conservation, environmental management and ecological restoration.
Author: Shabir Hussain Wani
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0323902855
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 416
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Book Description
QTL Mapping in Crop Improvement: Present Progress and Future Perspectives presents advancements in QTL breeding for biotic and abiotic stresses and nutritional improvement in a range of crop plants. The book presents a roadmap for future breeding for resilience to various stresses and improvement in nutritional quality. Crops such as rice, wheat, maize, soybeans, common bean, and pigeon pea are the major staple crops consumed globally, hence fulfilling the nutritional requirements of global populations, particularly in the under-developed world, is extremely important. Sections cover the challenges facing maximized production of these crops, including diseases, insect damage, drought, heat, salinity and mineral toxicity. Covering globally important crops including maize, wheat, rice, barley, soybean, common bean and pigeon pea, this book will be an important reference for those working in agriculture and crop improvement. - Uses the latest molecular markers to identify QTLs/genes responsible for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in plants - Includes multiple core crops for efficient comparison and translational learning - Provides a ready reference for improving quality traits through the use of the latest technologies
Author: Paul J. Kramer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 500
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Book Description
Author: Julien Bonneau
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Plant chromosomes
Languages : en
Pages : 374
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Book Description
Drought and heat can occur during the growth cycle of crops and severely reduce yield. A QTL associated with yield and yield-related component was found in four wheat populations (Triticum aestivum L.) on the long arm of chromosome 3B "qYDH.3BL". The four populations were grown under various climatic conditions including drought, heat and combinations of both in a number of different areas (Australia and Mexico). Linear mixed models that partition and account for genetic and non-genetic or extraneous variation were used to detect loci in single-environment and/or multi-environment QTL analysis using ASReml-R. The alleles carried by RAC875, Excalibur or Drysdale improved grain yield by between 5% and 12.5%. Two doubled haploid populations (RAC875/Kukri and Excalibur/Kukri) and two recombinant inbred line populations (RAC875/Kukri and Gladius/Drysdale) were used to fine map qYDH.3BL and identify candidate gene(s). A total of thirty-seven molecular markers were mapped on one or both genetic maps of chromosome 3B enabling development of a consensus genetic map of the qYDH.3BL region. The markers were selected based on comparisons with a published "neighbour map" of chromosome 3B or designed using either BAC-end, contig or gene sequences from the chromosome 3B sequencing project; 3BSEQ (http://urgi.versailles.inra.fr/) (cv. Chinese Spring). A positional cloning approach was used to identify candidate genes for qYDH.3BL. Molecular markers from the targeted region were assigned to physical contigs by screening the chromosome 3B BAC library experimentally using PCR or in silico by sequence comparison. A total of eight physical contigs containing 85 genes, were anchored to the qYDH.3BL region. Public and in-house resources of wheat transcript sequences were used to restrict the gene list to 65 expressed genes. Based on comparison of the 65 gene sequences to gene probes in a drought transcriptomic database, three genes were found to be differentially expressed between RAC875 and Kukri under drought conditions. Short genomic sequence reads (10x coverage) from each of the five parental lines (RAC875, Kukri, Excalibur, Gladius and Drysdale) were mapped against the 65 genes for polymorphism discovery. One gene exhibited sequence polymorphism between the drought tolerant parents (RAC875, Excalibur and Drysdale) and the drought-sensitive parents (Gladius and Kukri). In addition, presence/absence polymorphisms were consistently detected throughout a region containing 12 genes, indicating that the drought tolerant parents may have a deletion (or alien introgression) in this region. Thus, in this work, we confirmed the genetic effect of qYDH.3BL in multiple environments and multiple populations, saturated the target region with new molecular markers and defined a preliminary list of genes located in the qYDH.3BL region and selected candidate genes for further investigations.
Author: Jichun Tian
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9401773904
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 550
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Book Description
The book mainly describes the QTL mappings and efficacy analyses that are associated with wheat productivity, quality, physiology and various stress resistances and provides summaries of results from studies conducted both at home and abroad. It presents comparable data and analyses, helping readers to arrive at a more comprehensive understanding of the latest development in this field. The book provides a wealth of novel information, broad range of applications and in-depth findings on crop genetics and molecular breeding, making it valuable not only for plant breeders but also for academic faculties, senior researchers and advanced graduate students who are involved in plant breeding and genetics. Dr. Jichun Tian is a professor at the Department of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China.
