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Author: April Arnold Daubenspeck
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biochemical markers
Languages : en
Pages : 114
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Book Description
Stroke is a global burden that claims 6 million lives and permanently disables another 5 million each year. The risk of morbidity and mortality following stroke decreases when early diagnosis and treatment are achieved. However there is no blood test to diagnose ischemic stroke because biomarkers to date have not shown adequate sensitivity and specificity to be adopted into hospital protocols. The overall objective of this dissertation was to identify novel blood protein biomarkers of ischemic stroke. We achieved this by using a number of proteomic and statistical techniques to investigate the differential abundance of proteins in the blood of stroke and non-stroke groups. We identified four high-abundance serum proteins differentially expressed between the ischemic brain of stroke patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy and the same patient's circulating arterial blood. Three proteins were significantly higher in the circulating blood, and a fourth protein had a large fold change in abundance in the ischemic blood of a few patients. We then identified an additional fourteen serum proteins with significant differences between the venous blood of stroke patients and that of healthy individuals. To expand these findings in a more clinically relevant patient group, protein concentrations for these eighteen individual proteins were evaluated in stroke patients and patients with stroke-mimicking symptoms. Separate analysis of each protein revealed a low diagnostic accuracy. A new analysis was therefore initiated to compare the concentrations of 1310 serum proteins in stroke patients and stroke-mimicking patients. We identified 27 additional proteins that were significantly different between stroke and stroke-mimicking patient groups, and used machine learning to determine combinations of these proteins that could constitute a stroke biomarker panel. Random Forest Analysis identified three protein panels which differentiated stroke from non-stroke groups. Thus, consistent with previous research, we did not find an individual blood protein that was likely to be clinically useful as a diagnostic biomarker. However, three protein biomarker panels successfully differentiated stroke patients from stroke-mimicking patients which may lead to the development of a validated point-of-care diagnostic test.
Author: April Arnold Daubenspeck
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biochemical markers
Languages : en
Pages : 114
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Book Description
Stroke is a global burden that claims 6 million lives and permanently disables another 5 million each year. The risk of morbidity and mortality following stroke decreases when early diagnosis and treatment are achieved. However there is no blood test to diagnose ischemic stroke because biomarkers to date have not shown adequate sensitivity and specificity to be adopted into hospital protocols. The overall objective of this dissertation was to identify novel blood protein biomarkers of ischemic stroke. We achieved this by using a number of proteomic and statistical techniques to investigate the differential abundance of proteins in the blood of stroke and non-stroke groups. We identified four high-abundance serum proteins differentially expressed between the ischemic brain of stroke patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy and the same patient's circulating arterial blood. Three proteins were significantly higher in the circulating blood, and a fourth protein had a large fold change in abundance in the ischemic blood of a few patients. We then identified an additional fourteen serum proteins with significant differences between the venous blood of stroke patients and that of healthy individuals. To expand these findings in a more clinically relevant patient group, protein concentrations for these eighteen individual proteins were evaluated in stroke patients and patients with stroke-mimicking symptoms. Separate analysis of each protein revealed a low diagnostic accuracy. A new analysis was therefore initiated to compare the concentrations of 1310 serum proteins in stroke patients and stroke-mimicking patients. We identified 27 additional proteins that were significantly different between stroke and stroke-mimicking patient groups, and used machine learning to determine combinations of these proteins that could constitute a stroke biomarker panel. Random Forest Analysis identified three protein panels which differentiated stroke from non-stroke groups. Thus, consistent with previous research, we did not find an individual blood protein that was likely to be clinically useful as a diagnostic biomarker. However, three protein biomarker panels successfully differentiated stroke patients from stroke-mimicking patients which may lead to the development of a validated point-of-care diagnostic test.
Author: Robert G. Kowalski
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889745449
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 348
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Book Description
Topic Editor, Prof. Heinrich Audebert, received funding from institutional funding by Roche Diagnostics International Ltd. and the Berlin Future Funds. The other Topic Editors declare no competing interests with regard to the Research Topic subject.
Author: Philip V. Peplow
Publisher: Humana
ISBN: 9781493996810
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This volume presents the latest data on recent achievements in new and emerging technologies for stroke biomarkers and innovations in stroke assessment. The topics discussed in this book explore the role of upcoming biomarkers in different types of stroke, and explores techniques that will allow researchers to be more effective when approaching clinical management and patient care. In Neuromethods series style, chapters include the kind of detail and key advice from the specialists needed to ensure successful results in the laboratory. Cutting-edge and comprehensive, Stroke Biomarkers is a valuable resource for both experimental and clinical scientists interested in expanding their knowledge in the field of stroke research.
Author: Julian Bruno Sonderer
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Ana Catarina Fonseca
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783030707637
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
This book provides a comprehensive coverage of the state of the art in precision medicine in stroke. It starts by explaining and giving general information about precision medicine. Current applications in different strokes types (ischemic, haemorrhagic) are presented from diagnosis to treatment. In addition, ongoing research in the field (early stroke diagnosis and estimation of prognosis) is extensively discussed. The final part provides an in-depth discussion of how different interdisciplinary areas like artificial intelligence, molecular biology and genetics are contributing to this area. Precision Medicine in Stroke provides a practical approach to each chapter, reinforcing clinical applications and presenting clinical cases. This book is intended for all clinicians that interact with stroke patients (neurologists, internal medicine doctors, general practitioners, neurosurgeons), students and basic researchers.
Author:
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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Background & purpose: Stroke diagnosis could be challenging in acute phase. We aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of total leucocyte count (TLC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in differentiating Ischemic Stroke (IS) and Hemorrhagic Stroke (HS) using a predictive model approach.Methods: It is an ongoing, prospective, diagnostic test study conducted at Neurology Department of All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. Predictive models were developed by combining biomarkers and clinical variables in logistic regression models. The biomarkers were assayed by using the Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) technique. Accuracy was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Entire statistical analysis was performed in STATA version 13.0 software.Results: 181 stroke patients have been recruited (105-IS & 76-HS) in the study till date. Average time from symptom onset to blood collection was 24 hours. TLC >8450 (OR 1.98; 95% CI 1.01 to 3.86) & CRP>27.05 (OR 3.20; 95% CI 1.06 to 9.64) individually differentiated IS and HS; however statistical significance was lost when TLC was included in the logistic regression model, but it was only integrated by clinical variables with a predictive accuracy of 82.71%. CRP>27.05 (OR 4.59; 95% CI 1.18 to 17.81) together with systolic blood pressure and age in the prediction model differentiated IS and HS with a predictive accuracy of 78.43% having a sensitivity of 94% & specificity of 60%.Conclusion: Using a predictive model approach, CRP along with clinical variables had the potential to be used as a biomarker for differential diagnosis of stroke. Addition of new biomarkers in prediction model is required to increase its predictive accuracy.
Author: Richard Milner
Publisher: Humana
ISBN: 9781493903191
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Providing a selection of the key techniques that are used in characterizing cerebral angiogenesis, Cerebral Angiogenesis: Methods and Protocols aims to define the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this important process. Divided into six parts, this detailed volume examines cerebral angiogenesis occurring in different scenarios, a variety of different models in which cerebral angiogenesis can be studied, methods to characterize and quantify angiogenic events as well as several different approaches to measure changes in cerebral blood flow, different approaches to investigate the role of specific candidate genes in cerebral angiogenesis, methods of therapeutically manipulating cerebral angiogenesis by gene delivery, and finally important approaches to examine cerebral angiogenic mechanisms in vitro. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their specific topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and decidedly practical, Cerebral Angiogenesis: Methods and Protocols should be a vital resource for all researchers, both those new to this field as well as those looking to use more specialized and sophisticated techniques to examine blood vessel growth in the brain.
Author: Ulrich Dirnagl
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662054264
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 248
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Book Description
The successful treatment of acute stroke remains one of the major challenges in clinical medicine. Over the last decades, the understanding of stroke pathophysiology has greatly improved, while the therapeutic options in stroke therapy remain very limited. Today, hyperacute mechanisms of damage, such as excitotoxicity, can be discriminated from delayed ones, such as inflammation and apoptosis. Targeting of inflammation has already been successfully applied in various stroke models, but translation into a clinically efficacious strategy has not been achieved so far. In this book, leading experts in basic cerebrovascular research as well as stroke treatment review the current evidence for and against an important role for inflammation in stroke, and explore the potential of treating or modulating inflammation in stroke therapy.
Author: Vijay Nambi
Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN: 0323548369
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 400
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Book Description
Get a quick, expert overview of the ways in which biomarkers can be used to assess and guide the management of cardiovascular disease in the clinical setting. This concise, clinically-focused resource by Dr. Vijay Nambi consolidates today’s available information on this rapidly changing topic into one convenient resource, making it an ideal, easy-to-digest reference for cardiology practitioners, fellows, and residents. Covers lab standards and statistical interpretation of biomarkers with a clinical focus. Discusses relevant conditions such as hypertension and diabetes as key markers of injury and prognosis. Includes current information on biomarkers to assess and guide the management of heart failure, acute coronary syndrome, chest pain, shortness of breath, and more. Concludes the book with a timely chapter on how biomarkers may guide cardiologists in the future.
Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309157277
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 335
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Book Description
Many people naturally assume that the claims made for foods and nutritional supplements have the same degree of scientific grounding as those for medication, but that is not always the case. The IOM recommends that the FDA adopt a consistent scientific framework for biomarker evaluation in order to achieve a rigorous and transparent process.
