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Author: A.C. Graesser
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461258804
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 319
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Book Description
When individuals read or listen to prose they try to understand what it means. This is quite obvious. However, the cognitive mechanisms that participate in prose comprehension are far from obvious. Even simple stories involve com plexities that have stymied many cognitive scientists. Why is prose comprehen sion so difficult to study? Perhaps because comprehension is guided by so many domains of knowledge. Perhaps because some critical mysteries of prose comprehension reside between the lines-in the mind of the comprehender. Ten years ago very few psychologists were willing to dig beyond the surface of explicit code in their studies of discourse processing. Tacit knowledge, world knowledge, inferences, and expectations were slippery notions that experimental psychologists managed to circumvent rather than understand. In many scientific circles it was taboo to investigate mechanisms and phenomena that are not directly governed by the physical stimulus. Fortunately, times have changed. Cognitive scientists are now vigorously exploring the puzzles of comprehension that lie beyond the word. The study of discourse processing is currently growing at a frenetic pace.
Author: A.C. Graesser
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461258804
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 319
Get Book Here
Book Description
When individuals read or listen to prose they try to understand what it means. This is quite obvious. However, the cognitive mechanisms that participate in prose comprehension are far from obvious. Even simple stories involve com plexities that have stymied many cognitive scientists. Why is prose comprehen sion so difficult to study? Perhaps because comprehension is guided by so many domains of knowledge. Perhaps because some critical mysteries of prose comprehension reside between the lines-in the mind of the comprehender. Ten years ago very few psychologists were willing to dig beyond the surface of explicit code in their studies of discourse processing. Tacit knowledge, world knowledge, inferences, and expectations were slippery notions that experimental psychologists managed to circumvent rather than understand. In many scientific circles it was taboo to investigate mechanisms and phenomena that are not directly governed by the physical stimulus. Fortunately, times have changed. Cognitive scientists are now vigorously exploring the puzzles of comprehension that lie beyond the word. The study of discourse processing is currently growing at a frenetic pace.
Author: W. Royce Adams
Publisher: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt P
ISBN: 9780155016293
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 420
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Book Description
Reading Beyond Words is a down-to-earth reading textbook structured so that students can understand and use it easily, and to offer complete coverage of study-reading skills using materials from actual textbooks students will encounter. As the title suggests, Reading Beyond Words means not only comprehending what the words are saying, but to interpret, question, compare, and evaluate what a writer says.
Author: Keith K. Millis
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 135161326X
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 282
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Book Description
This volume provides an overview of research from the learning sciences into understanding, enhancing, and measuring "deep comprehension" from a psychological, educational, and psychometric perspective. It describes the characteristics of deep comprehension, what techniques may be used to improve it, and how deep levels of comprehension may be distinguished from shallow ones. It includes research on personal-level variables; how intelligent tutors promote comprehension; and the latest developments in psychometrics. The volume will be of interest to senior undergraduate and graduate students of cognitive psychology, learning, cognition and instruction, and educational technology.
Author: David E. Kieras
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 0429999712
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 398
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Book Description
Published in 1984, this volume presents methodologies for studying the ongoing psychological processes that occur as a person reads a text, as well as discussing the major findings that these methodologies have produced, to provide a handbook of reading comprehension research techniques. Focusing on the comprehension processes that occur when a person is reading, rather than the representation that remains after the text has been read, the methodologies use measures such as reading times that reflect ongoing processes, rather than relying exclusively on conventional measures of memory performance such as recall. These methods make use of computer technology for rapid and flexible stimulus representation and data acquisition. This book will allow researchers and students to select appropriate methodologies to investigate a range of fascinating questions about reading comprehension.
Author: M. Anne Britt
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317404440
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
Literacy Beyond Text Comprehension aims to systematically investigate how readers interpret reading tasks within a situation, and how that interpretation influences reading behavior and comprehension. Presenting a new model of REading as problem SOLVing (RESOLV), the authors describe reading comprehension in terms of how a reader adopts goals within a particular situation that then guide what is read, when, and how. By applying the RESOLV model to a range of reading situations, this book provides evidence to suggest that there is no unitary understanding of a task, because individuals bring their own goals and characteristics to the situation; as such, it demonstrates the importance of understanding how a reader (e.g., student, test-taker, employee completing a work task) represents the context and the specific assignment. Written by internationally recognized learning sciences scholars, Literacy Beyond Text Comprehension advances the state of the art in reading research, but also seeks to inform a broader range of audiences, including those interested in the teaching and the assessment of reading.
Author: Manuel Soriano-Ferrer
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832545807
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 236
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Book Description
This Research Topic is the second edition of Fluency and reading comprehension in typical readers and dyslexics readers: Volume I This Second Edition Research Topic is focused on the characterization of the reading-writing difficulties and their comorbidities and in the analysis of evidence-based recommendations for early interventions and treatment of these difficulties within the fields of neuropsychology, speech-language pathology, and educational psychology. Reading involves decoding and comprehension components, and to become efficient it requires a large number of cognitive and linguistic processes. Among those, decoding failures can have different origins, such as deficits in phonological and/or visual processing. In addition, a child with reading difficulties might also have problems in the acquisition of writing and handwriting performance. This is an important point to be discussed, as reading and writing both suffer interference from vocabulary acquisition, linguistic skills, memory skills, reading and writing practices, and literacy methods. These processes become important only when the professional needs to deal with students presenting learning difficulties. Difficulty in using the knowledge of conversion rules between grapheme-phoneme to word reading construction or phoneme-grapheme for writing can be identified in schoolchildren with dyslexia, dysgraphia, and dysortography, being a specific learning disorder with a neurological etiology. In addition, there is established evidence of a speech-language processing basis, students with specific learning disabilities can show a range of cognitive difficulties (e.g., rapid naming, executive functioning, working memory). These presented difficulties interfere in their learning process, impairing their learning development.
Author: Susan E. Israel
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317639677
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 709
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Book Description
Researchers of reading comprehension, literacy, educational psychology, psychology, and neuroscience are brought together for this handbook, to document and summarize the current body of research on theory, methods, instruction and assessment in reading comprehension.
Author: Elizabeth B. Bernhardt
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000583511
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 161
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Book Description
This is the first hands-on methods guide for second-language (L2) reading research. The authors expertly and critically situate L2 reading and literacy as a multivariate, interactive process and define terms, concepts, and research tools in connection with theory and a rich body of past empirical work, with lessons to learn and pitfalls to avoid. They concretely detail how to design empirical studies, collect data, and analyze findings in this important area. Authored by world experts on first-language (L1) and L2 reading, this book provides a comprehensive, critical, theory-driven review of methods in L2 reading research, offering a step-by-step guide from research design to study execution and data analysis. With useful pedagogical features and a unique database of L2 reading studies from around the world over three decades, this will be an invaluable resource to students and researchers of second-language acquisition, applied linguistics, education, and related areas.
Author: Kelly B. Cartwright
Publisher: Guilford Publications
ISBN: 1462551521
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 401
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Book Description
This pioneering book is now in a revised and expanded second edition featuring the latest neuroscientific knowledge and instructional strategies. Kelly B. Cartwright provides a teacher-friendly explanation of executive skills--such as planning, organization, cognitive flexibility, and impulse control--and their role in reading comprehension. Detailed examples illustrate how each skill is deployed by strong comprehenders and ways to tailor instruction for students who are struggling. The companion website features reproducible planning and assessment forms from the book as well as supplemental card sorts to teach and assess cognitive flexibility, all ready to download and print in a convenient 8 1/2" x 11" size. New to This Edition *Updated throughout with advances in theory, research, and instruction. *Chapter on word recognition, with particular attention to dyslexia. *Information on the development of the brain's reading network. *Expanded emphasis on oral language comprehension. *Appendix of intervention studies; online-only supplement with card sorts to teach and assess cognitive flexibility.
Author: Esther Geva
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1317707877
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 99
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Book Description
The four articles in this issue represent recent developments in the study of basic processes in L2 reading at the primary level. The research reported reflects the array of theoretical and instructional issues targeted currently by researchers who wish to understand L2 reading development in young children. Ultimately, this research should be used to help policymakers and educators make better informed decisions about how L2 literacy instruction can be enhanced across various sociocultural and linguistic boundaries.
