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Author: Niels Petersen
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1316834034
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 261
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Book Description
The principle of proportionality is currently one of the most discussed topics in the field of comparative constitutional law. Many critics claim that courts use the proportionality test as an instrument of judicial self-empowerment. Proportionality and Judicial Activism tests this hypothesis empirically; it systematically and comparatively analyses the fundamental rights jurisprudence of the Canadian Supreme Court, the German Federal Constitutional Court and the South African Constitutional Court. The book shows that the proportionality test does give judges a considerable amount of discretion. However, this analytical openness does not necessarily lead to judicial activism. Instead, judges are faced with significant institutional constraints, as a result of which all three examined courts refrain from using proportionality for purposes of judicial activism.
Author: Niels Petersen
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107177987
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 261
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Book Description
This book uses empirical analysis to show that courts refrain from using the proportionality test as a means of judicial activism.
Author: Kenneth M. Holland
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1349117749
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 230
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Book Description
The theme of this book is judicial activism in industrialized democracies, with a chapter on the changing political roles of the courts in the Soviet Union. Eleven contributors describe the extent to which the highest courts in their country of expertise have embraced the making of public policy.
Author: Niels Petersen
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781316838112
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Book Description
Author: Luís Pereira Coutinho
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319185497
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 212
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Book Description
This volume offers different perspectives on judicial practice in the European and American contexts, both arguably characterized in the last decades by the emergence of novel normative and even policy arguments by judges. The central question deserving the attention of the contributors concerns the degree in which judicial exercises in practical reasoning may amount to forms of judicial usurpation of the legislative function by courts. Since different views as to the nature and scope of legal reasoning lead to different degrees of tolerance regarding what should be admissible to courts, that same nature and scope is thoroughly debated. The main disciplinary approach is that of general jurisprudence, but the contributions take stock of other disciplines in which judicial activism has been addressed, namely positive theories of judicial behavior. Accordingly, the book also explores the development of interdisciplinary dialogue about the theme.
Author: Martin Belov
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000436411
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 319
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Book Description
This collection examines topical issues related to the impact of courts on constitutional politics during extreme conditions. The book explores the impact of activist courts on democracy, separation of powers and rule of law in times of emergency constitutionalism. It starts with a theoretical explanation of the concept, features and main manifestations of judicial activism and its impact in shaping the relationship between constitutional, international and supranational law. It then focuses on judicial activism in extreme conditions, for example, in times of emergencies and pandemics, or in the context of democratic backsliding, authoritarian constitutionalism and illiberal constitutionalism. Thus, the book may be considered as a contribution to the debates on judicial activism, including the discussion of the impact of courts on certainty, proportionality and balancing of rights, as well as on revolutionary courts challenging authoritarian context and generally over the role of courts in the context of illiberalism and democratic backsliding. The volume thus offers an explanation of the concept of judicial activism, its impact on both the legal system and the political order and the role of courts in shaping the structures of the legal order. These issues are explored in theoretical and comparative constitutional perspectives. The book will be a valuable resource for academics and researchers working in the areas of courts, constitutional law and constitutional politics.
Author: Tracy A. Thomas
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 57
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Book Description
This article exposes and critiques the development of the U.S. Supreme Court's cases on civil remedies since 2000. In these cases - on punitive damages, injunctions, and Section 5 remedies - proportionality emerges as the juridical norm. Proportionality mandates a strict balance and precise measurement in the formulation of civil remedies. At the international level, proportionality is a universal standard of rationality for courts evaluating the appropriateness of governmental intrusion on individual rights. American scholars have been wary of proportionality because of its potential for working against the protection of civil rights. These fears appear well-founded in the remedial cases where the Court has utilized proportionality to protect governmental and corporate interests against those of the individual. The remedial cases demonstrate the extent to which the Court has ventured into the arena of common-law remedies and, unexpectedly, altered the foundational principles of crafting relief. This article first takes a positivist approach to describe the Court's application of proportionality in recent cases. It explores the Court's decisions in cases such as eBay, Ayotte, Sherrill, Campbell, and Hobbs. In these cases, the Court appears to be searching for the perfect balance of right and remedy as it rejects alternative remedial measures that are deemed excessive. The mandated balance is premised on the Court's theory of remedial essentialism in which the remedy is formalistically distinct from the right. The article then engages in a normative analysis to evaluate whether proportionality should in fact be the guiding principle of remedies law. The Court appears to value the remedial proportionality rule for its rationality and objectivity, judicial restraint and minimalism, and reciprocal response. However, these justifications are myths: remedial proportionality is not an objective standard. Continued reliance upon these myths creates significant legal dangers by obscuring the subjective framing issues inherent in a rule of comparison and unduly deferring to the interests of the wrongdoers. When the rule of proportionality is deconstructed, it becomes apparent that proportionality is not a rule of restraint, but rather one of activism that should be abandoned.
Author: David Duarte
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 9783319896465
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 200
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Book Description
This book addresses the principle of proportionality, which is currently one of the most important instruments of judicial review, from both analytical and theory of law perspectives. As such, the analysis provided is far more comprehensive and can be applied to all areas of law, not just constitutional law. On the one hand, the volume offers a broad perspective on several aspects related to proportionality, such as its structure, the balancing methodology and the distinction between rules and principles. On the other, it provides an innovative, normativist and analytical approach to proportionality, helping readers understand its structure and behaviour.
Author: Niels Petersen
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1316834034
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 261
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Book Description
The principle of proportionality is currently one of the most discussed topics in the field of comparative constitutional law. Many critics claim that courts use the proportionality test as an instrument of judicial self-empowerment. Proportionality and Judicial Activism tests this hypothesis empirically; it systematically and comparatively analyses the fundamental rights jurisprudence of the Canadian Supreme Court, the German Federal Constitutional Court and the South African Constitutional Court. The book shows that the proportionality test does give judges a considerable amount of discretion. However, this analytical openness does not necessarily lead to judicial activism. Instead, judges are faced with significant institutional constraints, as a result of which all three examined courts refrain from using proportionality for purposes of judicial activism.
Author: Yutaka Arai-Takahashi
Publisher: Intersentia nv
ISBN: 9050951953
Category : Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
Languages : en
Pages : 263
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Book Description
5.2.3. Burden of Proof
Author: Mordechai Kremnitzer
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108497586
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 689
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Book Description
A comparative and empirical analysis of proportionality in the case law of six constitutional and supreme courts.
