Properties of Anodic Oxide Films on Zirconium Alloys PDF Download
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Author: Heather L. Jensen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nuclear reactors
Languages : en
Pages : 314
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Author: Heather L. Jensen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nuclear reactors
Languages : en
Pages : 314
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Author: Min Kyong Chung
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Study of Anodic Oxide Films on Titanium and Titanium-Zirconium Alloys and their Potential for Capacitive Energy Storage AbstractbyMIN-KYONG CHUNGAnodic oxide films were formed on titanium and titanium-zirconium alloys. They were studied for their ability to serve as dielectrics for storage of electrical energy and for their utility as anodes of electrolytic capacitors. The work comprised a study of the development of structure and electrochemical properties of TiO2 and of mixed TiO2-ZrO2 oxide films during their short-time anodic formation and during long-time repair-anodization in oxidizing electrolyte. The TiO2 anodic films evolved from an initially homogeneous amorphous state by nucleation of nanometer-sized grains and by additional recrystallization into films with islands of nm-grains and eventually with `anatase'-phase oxide nodules. They became embedded in the inner parts of the film, forming a stratified oxide layer and eventually replaced and overgrew most of the original anodic film. During this development the electrochemical parameters and the oxide-dielectrics' property changes were recorded in-situ and interpreted by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and by equivalent circuit (EC) modeling. The permittivity of the films increased as a result of the recrystallization. However, their leakage currents increased also and diminished their useful electric field strength. Mixed TiO2-ZrO2 films were formed by anodizing Ti-Zr alloy. They developed in similar fashion as the TiO2 films, except they remained relatively homogenous during long-time anodization because of their resistance to recrystallization. They maintained a lower leakage current and were better suited as a capacitor dielectric. Another objective was the development of a process to synthesize homogeneous anodes of Ti-Zr anode alloy with high surface enhancement. The process is based on magnesiothermic reduction of titanium and/or zirconium halides and the sinter-bonding of the so-formed alloy particles. It formed nanocomposites of interpenetrating Ti-Zr alloy and magnesium-halide salts. After removal of the salts by distillation open-porous alloy specimens were obtained that could be anodized to convert their surface into a continuous (Ti-Zr)O2 oxide film. By variation of the processing times and temperatures the process rates of reduction and sintering could be controlled. Ti-Zr alloy sponge samples were produced with nm-sized branch and pores. They were suited as electrolytic capacitor anodes.
Author: Laurence Charles Archibald
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Author: R. D. Misch
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Metals
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Zirconium anodizes similarly to tungsten in respect to the change of interference colors with applied voltage. However, the oxide layer on tungsten cannot reach as great a thickness. Hafnium does not anodize in the same way as zirconium but is similar to tantalum. By measuring the interference color and capacitative thicknesses on zirconium (Grades I and III) and a 2.5 wt.% tin alloy, the film was found to grow less rapidly in terms of capacitance than in terms of interference colors. This was interpreted to mean that cracks develop in the oxide as it thickens. The effect was most pronounced on Grade III zirconium and least pronounced on the tin alloy. The reduction in capacitative thickness was especially noticeable when white oxide appeared. Comparative measurements on Grade I zirconium and 2.5 wt.% tin alloy indicated that the thickness of the oxide film on the tin alloy (after 16 hours in water) increased more rapidly with temperature than the film on zirconium. Tin is believed to act in ways to counteract the tendency of the oxide to form cracks, and to produce vacancies which promote ionic diffusion.
Author: George Baker Adams
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Zirconium alloys
Languages : en
Pages : 32
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Author: Grzegorz D. Sulka
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128168773
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 483
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Nanostructured Anodic Metal Oxides: Synthesis and Applications reviews the current status of fabrication strategies that have been successfully developed to generate nanoporous, nanotubular and nanofibrous anodic oxides on a range of metals. The most recent achievements and innovative strategies for the synthesis of nanoporous aluminum oxide and nanotubular titanium oxide are discussed. However, a special emphasis is placed on the possibility of fabrication of nanostructured oxide layers with different morphologies on other metals, including aluminum titanium, tantalum, tin, zinc, zirconium and copper. In addition, emerging biomedical applications of synthesized materials are discussed in detail. During the past decade, great progress has been made both in the preparation and characterization of various nanomaterials and their functional applications. The anodization of metals has proven to be reliable for the synthesis of nanoporous, nanotubular and nanofibrous metal oxides to produce a desired diameter, density, aspect ratio (length to diameter) of pores/tubes, and internal pore/tube structure. - Provides an in-depth overview of anodization techniques for a range of metals - Explores the emerging applications of anodic metal oxides - Explains mechanisms of formation valve metal oxides via anodization
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Zirconium alloys
Languages : en
Pages : 302
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Author: R. D. Misch
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Electric conductivity
Languages : en
Pages : 42
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Oxide films were produced on zirconium and zirconium-titanium alloys by anodizing and by exposure to oxygen and water at high temperatures. The electrical resistances of the films were measured in air at room temperature and in vacuum at temperatures up to 290 deg C.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
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Zirconium anodizes similarly to tungsten in respect to the change of interference colors with applied voltage. However, the oxide layer on tungsten cannot reach as great a thickness. Hafnium does not anodize in the same way as zirconium but is similar to tantalum. By measuring the interference color and capacitative thicknesses on zirconium (Grades I and III) and a 2.5 wt.% tin ailoy, the film was found to grow less rapidly in terms of capacitance than in terms of iaterference colors. This was interpreted to mean that cracks develop in the oxide as it thickens. The effect was most pronounced on Grade III zirconium and least pronounced on the tin alloy. The reduction in capacitative thickness was especially noticeable when white oxide appeared. Comparative measurements on Grade I zirconium and 2.5 wt.% tin alloy indicated that the thickness of the oxide film on the tin alloy (after 16 hours in water) increased more rapidly with temperature than the film on zirconium. Tin is believed to act in ways to counteract the tendency of the oxide to form cracks, and to produce vacancies which promote ionic diffusion. (auth).
Author: Grzegorz D. Sulka
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0128167068
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 482
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Book Description
Nanostructured Anodic Metal Oxides: Synthesis and Applications reviews the current status of fabrication strategies that have been successfully developed to generate nanoporous, nanotubular and nanofibrous anodic oxides on a range of metals. The most recent achievements and innovative strategies for the synthesis of nanoporous aluminum oxide and nanotubular titanium oxide are discussed. However, a special emphasis is placed on the possibility of fabrication of nanostructured oxide layers with different morphologies on other metals, including aluminum titanium, tantalum, tin, zinc, zirconium and copper. In addition, emerging biomedical applications of synthesized materials are discussed in detail. During the past decade, great progress has been made both in the preparation and characterization of various nanomaterials and their functional applications. The anodization of metals has proven to be reliable for the synthesis of nanoporous, nanotubular and nanofibrous metal oxides to produce a desired diameter, density, aspect ratio (length to diameter) of pores/tubes, and internal pore/tube structure. Provides an in-depth overview of anodization techniques for a range of metals Explores the emerging applications of anodic metal oxides Explains mechanisms of formation valve metal oxides via anodization
