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Author: Deyu Xie
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832555551
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 144
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Book Description
Proanthocyanidins (PAs) and Isoflavonoids (IFs) are the two main groups of flavonoids. Dr. Richard A. Dixon is one of the pioneers in these two topics. More information on his background is available on the Research Topic "Biosynthesis and Metabolic Engineering of Living Stocks (Lignin) for Biofuels". His laboratory has contributed numerous fundamental discoveries and innovations in biosynthesis and metabolic engineering of PAs and IFs. Some of the main findings in PAs include the anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) pathway and polymerization of PAs, dual functions of ANR, novel activities of leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase and reductase, roles of catechin and epicatechin in polymerization, precursors of extension units, metabolic engineering, and others. Some of the main discoveries and innovations in IFs include the elucidation of biosynthetic pathways, structural biology, enzymology, genetic regulation, enzyme structures, and metabolic engineering.
Author: Deyu Xie
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832555551
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 144
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Book Description
Proanthocyanidins (PAs) and Isoflavonoids (IFs) are the two main groups of flavonoids. Dr. Richard A. Dixon is one of the pioneers in these two topics. More information on his background is available on the Research Topic "Biosynthesis and Metabolic Engineering of Living Stocks (Lignin) for Biofuels". His laboratory has contributed numerous fundamental discoveries and innovations in biosynthesis and metabolic engineering of PAs and IFs. Some of the main findings in PAs include the anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) pathway and polymerization of PAs, dual functions of ANR, novel activities of leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase and reductase, roles of catechin and epicatechin in polymerization, precursors of extension units, metabolic engineering, and others. Some of the main discoveries and innovations in IFs include the elucidation of biosynthetic pathways, structural biology, enzymology, genetic regulation, enzyme structures, and metabolic engineering.
Author: Ingrid Sullivan
Publisher: Nova Science Publishers
ISBN: 9781634634304
Category : Flavonoids
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Proanthocyanidins (PACs), present in a wide variety of food products and beverages, are the second most abundant class of phenolic compounds in our diet. These polyphenolic compounds are found in high proportions in cocoa products, seeds and skins of grapes, green and black tea, cinnamon and berries, among others. These compounds possess multiple therapeutic effects including anticancer, antimicrobial activity, cardioprotective role, prevention of atherosclerosis, and neuroprotective action. Many of these pharmacological benefits, including their neuroprotective action, are attributed to their significant antioxidant activity as free radical scavengers and as modulators of oxidant/antioxidant status. This book discusses food sources, the antioxidant properties and health benefits of proanthocyanidins.
Author: Kieran Tuohy
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0124079415
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 268
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Book Description
Drawing on expert opinions from the fields of nutrition, gut microbiology, mammalian physiology, and immunology, Diet-Microbe Interactions for Human Health investigates the evidence for a unified disease mechanism working through the gut and its resident microbiota, and linking many inflammation-related chronic diet associated diseases. State of the art post-genomic studies can highlight the important role played by our resident intestinal microbiota in determining human health and disease. Many chronic human diseases associated with modern lifestyles and diets — including those localized to the intestinal tract like inflammatory bowel disease and celiac disease, and more pervasive systemic conditions such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease — are characterized by aberrant profiles of gut bacteria or their metabolites. Many of these diseases have an inflammatory basis, often presenting with a chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, hinting at persistent and inappropriate activation of inflammatory pathways. Through the presentation and analysis of recent nutrition studies, this book discusses the possible mechanisms underpinning the disease processes associated with these pathologies, with high fat diets appearing to predispose to disease, and biologically active plant components, mainly fiber and polyphenols, appearing to reduce the risk of chronic disease development. - One comprehensive, translational source for all aspects of nutrition and diet's effect on gastrointestinal health and disease - Experts in nutrition, diet, microbiology and immunology take readers from the bench research (cellular and biochemical mechanisms of vitamins and nutrients) to new preventive and therapeutic approaches - Clear presentations by leading researchers of the cellular mechanisms underlying diet, immune response, and gastrointestinal disease help practicing nutritionists and clinicians (gastroenterologists, endocrinologists) map out new areas for clinical research and structuring clinical recommendations
Author: Jess Reed
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119545927
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 342
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Book Description
RECENT ADVANCES IN POLYPHENOL RESEARCH Plant polyphenols are secondary metabolites that constitute one of the most common and widespread groups of natural products. They are essential plant components for adaptation to the environment and possess a large and diverse range of biological functions that provide many benefits to both plants and humans. Polyphenols, from their structurally simplest forms to their oligo/polymeric versions (i.e. tannin and lignin), are phytoestrogens, plant pigments, antioxidants, and structural components of the plant cell wall. The interaction between tannins and proteins is involved in plant defense against predation, cause astringency in foods and beverages, and affect the nutritional and health properties of human and animal food plants. This seventh volume of the highly regarded Recent Advances in Polyphenol Research series is edited by Jess Dreher Reed, Victor Armando Pereira de Freitas, and Stéphane Quideau, and brings together chapters written by some of the leading experts working in the polyphenol sciences today. Topics covered include: Chemistry and physicochemistry Biosynthesis, genetics and metabolic engineering Roles in plants and ecosystems Food, nutrition and health Applied polyphenols Distilling the most recent and illuminating data available, this new volume is an invaluable resource for chemists, biochemists, plant scientists, pharmacognosists and pharmacologists, biologists, ecologists, food scientists and nutritionists.
Author: Francisco A . Tomás-Barberán
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119563720
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 560
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Book Description
Presents recent research on metabolism and the health effects of polyphenols Consumer interest in the health benefits of many phenolic compounds found in plant foods and derivatives has grown considerably in recent years, giving rise to an increased demand for functional foods. Although preclinical and observational studies have promoted the protective properties of polyphenols for a range of chronic diseases, evidence has shown that most dietary polyphenols have little bioavailability. Once ingested, most of them are metabolized by either the intestinal enzymes or by the gut microbiota and then undergo extensive phase-II metabolism reaching significant concentrations of conjugated metabolites. They remain in the systemic circulation and target systemic tissues where trigger biological effects. The polyphenol-derived metabolites produced in humans are dependent upon the composition of the gut microbiota and the subject genetics. Thus all the metabolites do not show the same biological activity in different individuals. To fully understand the health effects of polyphenols, further clinical investigations are required. Dietary Polyphenols describes the latest findings on the polyphenol metabolism and reviews the current evidence on their health effects and that of their bioavailable metabolites. Emphasizing the importance of interindividual variability and the critical role of gut microbiota, this authoritative volume features contributions from recognized experts in the field, exploring specific families of extractable and non-extractable phenolic compounds that exhibit potential health effects. Topics include structural diversity of polyphenols and distribution in foods, bioavailability and bioaccessibility of phenolics, metabolism, and gastrointestinal absorption of various metabolites and their health effects. This comprehensive volume: Discusses the bioavailability, bioaccessibility, pharmacokinetics studies, and microbial metabolism of different groups of phenolic compounds Examines the interaction between polyphenols and gut microbiota Describes analytical methods for identifying and quantifying polyphenols in foods and biological samples Reviews recent epidemiological and clinical intervention studies showing protective effects of polyphenols Dietary Polyphenols: Metabolism and Health Effects is an important resource for scientists working in the area of dietary polyphenols and health effects, microbiota, and their interaction with other nutritional compounds, and for health professionals, nutritionists, dieticians, and clinical researchers with interest in the role of polyphenols in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases.
Author: Trust Beta
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1788015320
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 307
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Book Description
Globally, cereal grains are a staple part of the diet providing primarily carbohydrates and other phytochemical components. Detailed coverage of the composition and functionality of the bulk carbohydrate components, specifically starch, beta-glucans, and arabinoxylans, and the trace phytochemical components, i.e. phenolic compounds such as phenolic acids, anthocyanins, deoxyanthocyanins, and proanthocyanidins in cereal grains and grain products is provided. Considerable attention is paid to the interactions between carbohydrate and non-carbohydrate components in grains including starch–protein and starch–lipid interactions and their effects on starch digestibility. The phenolic constituents bound to grain dietary fiber also receive detailed consideration and the final chapter presents a review that discusses whole grain–gut microbiota interactions identifying new areas of research that may contribute to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms linked to human health. This book provides researchers, clinicians and students with a comprehensive compendium on aspects of whole grain components and brings the literature up to date.
Author: Paul M. Coates
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0824755049
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 842
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Book Description
PRINT/ONLINE PRICING OPTIONS AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST AT
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Author: Megh R. Goyal
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0429856164
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 397
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Book Description
Focusing on the importance of functional foods and their secondary metabolites for human health, this volume presents new insights with scientific evidence on the use of functional foods in the treatment of certain diseases. The plants covered and their bioactive compounds are easily accessible and are believed to be effective with fewer side effects in comparison with modern drugs in the treatment of different diseases. The plants contain chemical compounds that can modify and modulate biological systems, eliciting therapeutic effects. Some plants and derived products mentioned include black carrot, olive oil, citrus peel, grapes, candy leaf, cereals and grains, and green and black tea. The volume is divided into four sections that cover these topics: Functional foods for human health: the available sources, biochemistry, structural composition, and different biological activities, especially antioxidant activity. Pharmacological aspects of fruits and vegetables: the extraction of bioactive molecules, phytochemistry, and biological activities of a selection of plants. Pharmacological aspects of natural products: bioactive compounds, structural attributes, bioactivity of anthocyanin, piceatannol, and a review of the ethnobotany and medicinal properties of green and black tea. Pharmacological aspects of cereals and grains: the health benefits of flaxseed, wheatgrass juice, and use and therapeutic potential as supplements for disease management.
Author: Veronica Sanda Chedea
Publisher: Nova Publishers
ISBN: 9781536102826
Category : Flavonoids
Languages : en
Pages : 0
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Book Description
Procyanidins are phenolic compounds from plants and they are abundant in our diet. Research studies on procyanidins have shown that they have many health benefits, especially as preventive agents for cancer, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. High concentrations of procyanidins can be found in plants and foods such as red wine, grapes, grape seeds, cocoa, berries and apples. The first chapter of this book reviews the occurrence and the structure of these compounds. Since the extraction method is considered a critical step in procyanidin analysis, the second chapter describes the various methods used in literature so far with reference to the most important factors influencing the extraction. Furthermore, common separation and detection methods like high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry are presented in order to give the complex image of the existing methods described so far. These principles of procyanidin fingerprinting are reflected further in studying the seed shells of the Japanese horse chestnut (Aesculus turbinata BLUME), discarded as waste materials after the preparation of edible seeds. The highly polymeric proanthocyanidins from the Japanese horse chestnut were tested for their health benefits, and this is presented in Chapter Three. As the interest in antioxidant compounds increases, the interest in studying their bioavailability has increased as well. In the context of controversy surrounding the studies on procyandins absorption and metabolisation, the next chapter tries to present different points of view related to this matter. Several applications of procyanidins in food systems are reviewed in Chapter Five, including: Co-encapsulation of green tea catechins on probiotic bacteria viability during simulated gastrointestinal digestion, stability of polyphenolic compounds on alginate, and chitosan microcapsules and procyanidin effectiveness after incorporation into food edible films. The final part of this book investigates the procyanidin structure-activity relationship and mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases because the intake of procyanidins has been associated with reduced cardiovascular disease risk by epidemiologic studies. The expertise of the authors contributing to this book is useful for graduates studying food science and technology, nutrition, pharmacy and health, and for researchers, scientists, policymakers and professionals from food, pharmacy, nutrition and biotechnology industries working on procyanidins characterization, antioxidant properties and health benefits.
Author: Richard W. Hemingway
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461534763
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1027
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Book Description
This book was developed from the proceedings of the 2nd North American Tan nin Conference held in Houghton, Michigan, June, 1991. The objective of this con ference was to bring together people with a common interest in plant polyphenols and to promote interdisciplinary interactions that will lead to a bet ter understand ing of the importance of these substances. Another objective of this conference was to extend the 'tannin family' by making special efforts to encourage participation by scientists outside the United States, obtain more coverage of the hydrolyzable tannins, and further broaden the scope of coverage from the initial concentration on forestry and forest products. Com parison of the contents of this book with 'Chemistry and Significance of Condensed Tannins' that resulted from the proceedings of the 1st North American Tannin Conference shows the degree that these objectives were met. In developing the second conference, care was taken to assure that this book extends rather than duplicates the coverage of the first conference. Therefore, the two books should be taken together to obtain an up to date coverage of the broad area of chemistry and significance of plant polyphenols. Our thanks go to the authors who so kindly contributed chapters and so pa tiently responded to our requests. We thank the Conference Assistance Staff of Michigan Technological University for their help in planning and conducting the conference.
