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Author: Jean-François Bergier
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : fr
Pages : 328
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Book Description
The Alps, as Professor Bergier shows in this selection of his work, should not be considered an impassable barrier, nor an isolated region, but rather as an integral part of the history of Europe. The lowlanders' typical view of the mountains as fearful heights to be crossed, and the image of those who lived there as existing in a delicate balance with nature, are part only of the story. These articles are particularly concerned with transalpine traffic, and the different routes it took in response to changing circumstances in the lands to south and north, and with the exploitation and use of mountain resources. A number aim also to identify the particularities of the mountain way of life, and its social and political organisation.
Author: Jean-François Bergier
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : fr
Pages : 328
Get Book Here
Book Description
The Alps, as Professor Bergier shows in this selection of his work, should not be considered an impassable barrier, nor an isolated region, but rather as an integral part of the history of Europe. The lowlanders' typical view of the mountains as fearful heights to be crossed, and the image of those who lived there as existing in a delicate balance with nature, are part only of the story. These articles are particularly concerned with transalpine traffic, and the different routes it took in response to changing circumstances in the lands to south and north, and with the exploitation and use of mountain resources. A number aim also to identify the particularities of the mountain way of life, and its social and political organisation.
Author: Jean-François Bergier
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1040250742
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 279
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Book Description
The Alps, as Professor Bergier shows in this selection of his work, should not be considered an impassable barrier, nor an isolated region, but rather as an integral part of the history of Europe. The lowlanders’ typical view of the mountains as fearful heights to be crossed, and the image of those who lived there as existing in a delicate balance with nature, are part only of the story. These articles are particularly concerned with transalpine traffic, and the different routes it took in response to changing circumstances in the lands to south and north, and with the exploitation and use of mountain resources. A number aim also to identify the particularities of the mountain way of life, and its social and political organisation.
Author: Fèlix Retamero
Publisher: Oxbow Books
ISBN: 1782970142
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 353
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Book Description
Through a series of case studies, this third volume in the Earth series deals with the technological constraints and innovations that enabled societies to survive and thrive across a range of environmental conditions. The contributions are structured into three sections to draw out particular commonalities and contrasts in the choices made by pre-industrial communities in the construction of varied landscapes and cultural heritage: Landnam, from the Old Norse for ‘taking of land’, deals with colonization, including the drivers and processes through which colonizers developed an understanding of the productive potential and limitations of their new lands. Fields and field systems: Field-walls are a distinctive and apparently timeless characteristic of many pre-industrial farming landscapes but they present many the challenges to their study, such as the effects of plowing, abandonment and land-use change and of urban development in fertile lowland zones which may eradicate, reduce or conceal past systems of land-use and division. The importance of indirect and proxy evidence is illustrated and the value of interdisciplinary and modeling approaches emphasized. Agro-pastoralism: focuses on the complex ‘time-space adaptations’ devised for managing cultivation and livestock production, particularly the need to prevent stock incursions into arable fields during the growing season whilst making effective use of seasonal grazing resources. The contributions focus on mountainous areas, where temporary migrations, in the form of transhumance, provided access to a diversity of resources based around seasonal constraints on their availability and productivity.
Author:
Publisher: BRILL
ISBN: 900436076X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 426
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Book Description
In this volume, the authors bring fresh approaches to the subject of royal and noble households in medieval and early modern Europe. The essays focus on the people of the highest social rank: the nuclear and extended royal family, their household attendants, noblemen and noblewomen as courtiers, and physicians. Themes include financial and administrative management, itinerant households, the household of an imprisoned noblewoman, blended households, and cultural influence. The essays are grounded in sources such as records of court ceremonial, economic records, letters, legal records, wills, and inventories. The authors employ a variety of methods, including prosopography, economic history, visual analysis, network analysis, and gift exchange, and the collection is engaged with current political, sociological, anthropological, gender, and feminist theories.
Author: Robert Dodgshon
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 303016361X
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 168
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Book Description
This monograph explores traditional farming communities in French-speaking areas of the western Alps for the period 1500-1914 and how they endured in such an environment despite the many problems and risks which it posed for their subsistence and welfare. Using an extensive amount of archival material drawn from the relevant regional archives, the book presents a great deal of fresh data. Its central theme is how such communities responded to the opportunities and challenges presented by the highly variegated environment of their setting. The view taken is that their strategies of exploitation stressed diversity and flexibility, mapping the highly varied ecologies and resource opportunities of their setting into these strategies by spreading livelihood and risk as widely as possible. This interpretative framework is developed across all the book's themes: landholding, arable and livestock sectors, use of the commons and, finally, how communities coped with climate-based risks. The book appeals to geographers, historians, environmental scientists and everyone interested in traditional farming communities and their long-term challenges.
Author: Sam Ottewill-Soulsby
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691227969
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 384
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Book Description
A new history of Christian-Muslim relations in the Carolingian period that provides a fresh account of events by drawing on Arabic as well as western sources In the year 802, an elephant arrived at the court of the Emperor Charlemagne in Aachen, sent as a gift by the ʿAbbasid Caliph, Harun al-Rashid. This extraordinary moment was part of a much wider set of diplomatic relations between the Carolingian dynasty and the Islamic world, including not only the Caliphate in the east but also Umayyad al-Andalus, North Africa, the Muslim lords of Italy and a varied cast of warlords, pirates and renegades. The Emperor and the Elephant offers a new account of these relations. By drawing on Arabic sources that help explain how and why Muslim rulers engaged with Charlemagne and his family, Sam Ottewill-Soulsby provides a fresh perspective on a subject that has until now been dominated by and seen through western sources. The Emperor and the Elephant demonstrates the fundamental importance of these diplomatic relations to everyone involved. Charlemagne and Harun al-Rashid’s imperial ambitions at home were shaped by their dealings abroad. Populated by canny border lords who lived in multiple worlds, the long and shifting frontier between al-Andalus and the Franks presented both powers with opportunities and dangers, which their diplomats sought to manage. Tracking the movement of envoys and messengers across the Pyrenees, the Mediterranean and beyond, and the complex ideas that lay behind them, this book examines the ways in which Christians and Muslims could make common cause in an age of faith.
Author: Massimo Mastrogregori
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
ISBN: 3110950014
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 416
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Book Description
Annually published since 1930, the International bibliography of Historical Sciences (IBOHS) is an international bibliography of the most important historical monographs and periodical articles published throughout the world, which deal with history from the earliest to the most recent times. The works are arranged systematically according to period, region or historical discipline, and within this classification alphabetically. The bibliography contains a geographical index and indexes of persons and authors.
Author: Tom Scott
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0191038393
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 240
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Book Description
Renewed interest in Swiss history has sought to overcome the old stereotypes of peasant liberty and republican exceptionalism. The heroic age of the Confederation in the fifteenth century is now seen as a turning-point as the Swiss polity achieved a measure of institutional consolidation and stability, and began to mark out clear frontiers. The Swiss and their Neighbours, 1460-1560 questions both assumptions. It argues that the administration of the common lordships by the cantons collectively gave rise to as much discord as co-operation, and remained a pragmatic device not a political principle. It argues that the Swiss War of 1499 was an avoidable catastrophe, from which developed a modus vivendi between the Swiss and the Empire as the Rhine became a buffer-zone, not a boundary. It then investigates the background to Bern's conquest of the Vaud in 1536, under the guise of relieving Geneva from beleaguerment, to suggest that Bern's actions were driven not by predeterminate territorial expansion but by the need to halt French designs upon Geneva and Savoy. The geopolitical balance of the Confederation was fundamentally altered by Bern's acquisition of the Vaud and adjacent lands. Nevertheless, the political fabric of the Confederation, which had been tested to the brink during the Reformation, proved itself flexible enough to absorb such a major reorientation, not least because what held the Confederation together was not so much institutions as a sense of common identity and mutual obligation forged during the Burgundian Wars of the 1470s.
Author: Raymond van Uytven
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1040235603
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 362
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Book Description
The subject of this volume is the relationship between production and consumption, considered not only as the supply and demand sides of economic life, but within the broader context of the societies of the Low Countries between the 12th and the 16th centuries. Amongst the topics covered are the reality of the so-called 'late medieval depression', comparisons between the great merchant cities of Bruges and Antwerp, and the actual importance of the trade in art and luxury goods. One group of articles then looks in detail at the cloth industry, which remained the mainstay of the region's wealth, and the effects upon it of changes in technology and in fashion, while the volume concludes with two studies specially translated from Dutch, on wine and beer consumption.
Author: Anne Montenach
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1003853617
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 299
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Book Description
This book seeks to contribute a multi-dimensional, multi-layered and gendered approach to the illicit economy in the historiography of early modern Europe. Using original source material from several countries, this volume concentrates on a border and transnational area—approximately the Lyon-Geneva-Turin triangle—located at the heart of European trade. It focuses on three products—salt, cotton and silk—all of which fuelled the black market between the last decades of the seventeenth century and the French Revolution. This volume offers an original contribution to wider studies of smuggling, illicit markets and women’s economic roles by taking into account the economic life of remote mountain communities and industrious cities. Showing that irregular practices were a structural characteristic of early modern economies, it provides insight into the opportunities offered to women in a highly flexible economy where licit and illicit activities were intermingled in a very complex way. This research monograph is aimed at a historical audience and constitutes a useful resource for students and scholars interested in gender history, social and economic history, urban history and French studies.
