Physique quantique des champs et des transitions de phase PDF Download
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Author: Dragi Karevski
Publisher: Editions Ellipses
ISBN: 2340065801
Category : Science
Languages : fr
Pages : 684
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Book Description
Cet ouvrage propose une introduction pédagogique à la théorie quantique des champs et à la physique des transitions de phase notamment dans le régime quantique. Il propose plus de 50 exercices et problèmes corrigés.
Author: Dragi Karevski
Publisher: Editions Ellipses
ISBN: 2340065801
Category : Science
Languages : fr
Pages : 684
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Book Description
Cet ouvrage propose une introduction pédagogique à la théorie quantique des champs et à la physique des transitions de phase notamment dans le régime quantique. Il propose plus de 50 exercices et problèmes corrigés.
Author: Jean Zinn-Justin
Publisher: EDP Sciences
ISBN: 2759801500
Category : Science
Languages : fr
Pages : 506
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Book Description
Le but de cet ouvrage est de familiariser le lecteur avec un concept, le groupe de renormalisation, qui fournit des outils essentiels pour la compréhension de phénomènes physiques aussi différents que la faiblesse de l'interaction entre quarks à très haute énergie en physique des particules, les comportements singuliers des quantités thermodynamiques dans la théorie des transitions de phase à l'échelle macroscopique, les propriétés statistiques des longues chaînes polymériques ou certaines propriétés des gaz quantiques. Plus généralement, le groupe de renormalisation permet d'expliquer les propriétés universelles de nombre de systèmes physiques ayant un très grand nombre de degrés de liberté locaux. Dans les cas les plus simples, il permet de comprendre l'apparition de lois gaussiennes asymptotiques, comme dans le cas du théorème de la limite centrale des probabilités. Cependant, il est surtout utile dans le cas où les interactions sont fortes et explique alors l'apparition de lois non gaussiennes. Enfin, dans un grand nombre de cas d'intérêt physique, il conduit naturellement à l'introduction de théories statistiques locales des champs (ou théories quantiques des champs en temps imaginaire).
Author: Jean Zinn-Justin
Publisher: EDP Sciences
ISBN: 2759802752
Category : Science
Languages : fr
Pages : 318
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Book Description
Cet ouvrage démontre l'intérêt et la familiarité de l'intégrale de chemin du point de vue de la physique, qui offre un regard alternatif sur la mécanique quantique. Ce livre résulte d'un cours de « mécanique quantique avancé ». Il est tiré de l'ouvrage original de l'auteur Quantum Field and Critical Phenomena (Oxford University Press).
Author: Jean Zinn-Justin
Publisher: Oxford University Press on Demand
ISBN: 0199227195
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 465
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Book Description
No further information has been provided for this title.
Author: Stefan Flörchinger
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642141137
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 200
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Book Description
Modern techniques from quantum field theory are applied in this work to the description of ultracold quantum gases. This leads to a unified description of many phenomena including superfluidity for bosons and fermions, classical and quantum phase transitions, different dimensions, thermodynamic properties and few-body phenomena as bound state formation or the Efimov effect. The non-perturbative treatment with renormalization group flow equations can account for all known limiting cases by solving one single equation. It improves previous results quantitatively and brings qualitatively new insights. As an example, new quantum phase transitions are found for fermions with three spin states. Ultracold atomic gases can be seen as an interesting model for features of high energy physics and for condensed matter theory. The research reported in this thesis helps to solve the difficult complexity problem in modern theoretical physics.
Author: Kai Schmitz
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 331900963X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 225
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Book Description
Several of the very foundations of the cosmological standard model — the baryon asymmetry of the universe, dark matter, and the origin of the hot big bang itself — still call for an explanation from the perspective of fundamental physics. This work advocates one intriguing possibility for a consistent cosmology that fills in the theoretical gaps while being fully in accordance with the observational data. At very high energies, the universe might have been in a false vacuum state that preserved B-L, the difference between the baryon number B and the lepton number L as a local symmetry. In this state, the universe experienced a stage of hybrid inflation that only ended when the false vacuum became unstable and decayed, in the course of a waterfall transition, into a phase with spontaneously broken B-L symmetry. This B-L Phase Transition was accompanied by tachyonic preheating that transferred almost the entire energy of the false vacuum into a gas of B-L Higgs bosons, which in turn decayed into heavy Majorana neutrinos. Eventually, these neutrinos decayed into massless radiation, thereby producing the entropy of the hot big bang, generating the baryon asymmetry of the universe via the leptogenesis mechanism and setting the stage for the production of dark matter. Next to a variety of conceptual novelties and phenomenological predictions, the main achievement of the thesis is hence the fascinating notion that the leading role in the first act of our universe might have actually been played by neutrinos.
Author: Nanny Fröman
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461223423
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 258
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Book Description
The result of two decades spent developing and refining the phase-integral method to a high level of precision, the authors have applied this method to problems in various fields of theoretical physics. The problems treated are of a mathematical nature, but have important physical applications. This book will thus be of great use to research workers in various branches of theoretical physics, where the problems can be reduced to one-dimensional second-order differential equations of the Schrödinger type for which phase-integral solutions are required. Includes contributions from notable scientists who have already made use of the authors'technique.
Author: Hubert Hansen
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 164
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Book Description
L'étude de problèmes de physique hadronique dans le cadre de la théorie des champs nécessite l'emploi de méthodes non-perturbatives, les approches perturbatives ne pouvant s'appliquer pour QCD à basse énergie. L'équivalence formelle existant entre la théorie des champs et le corps du problème à N corps nous a conduit à adapter des techniques non-perturbatives usuelles de la théorie du problème à N corps, comme l'approximation de champ moyen ( ou approximation gaussiénne ) et l'approximation de la phase aléatoire ( RPA). En se plaçant au-delà du champ moyen où seules sont prises en compte les corrélations entre une particule et un potentiel "moyen" à un corps, la RPA va permettre de rajouter dans le calcul de l'état fondamental des corrélations entre particules. Afin de mettre en place le formalisme, on applique la RPA, sous différentes formes ( standard, renormalisée, en termes de fonctions de Green ), à l'une des plus simples théories des champs en interaction, la théorie scalaire λΦ4. On montre qu'il se produit une transition de phase due à une brisure dynamique de symétrie dont le paramètre critique se rapproche des résultats obtenus sur réseaux et par la technique des "clusters". Les résultats sont aussi présentés à température finie pour le champ moyen. On étudie également un modèle effectif réaliste de la transition de phase chirale, le modèle σ-linéaire et on montre que le théorème de Goldstone est restauré, contrairement à l'approximation gaussienne. Enfin pour éclaircir quelques points de la RPA et aller au-delà des corrélations obtenues dans la forme renormalisée, on considère l'oscillateur anharmonique en mécanique quantique, en introduisant les corrélations minimales au-delà du champ moyen et on montre que les corrélations RPA améliorent grandement le résultat obtenu en champ moyen
Author: Hannu Christian Wichterich
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642193420
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 121
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Book Description
This thesis investigates the structure and behaviour of entanglement, the purely quantum mechanical part of correlations, in many-body systems, employing both numerical and analytical techniques at the interface of condensed matter theory and quantum information theory. Entanglement can be seen as a precious resource which, for example, enables the noiseless and instant transmission of quantum information, provided the communicating parties share a sufficient "amount" of it. Furthermore, measures of entanglement of a quantum mechanical state are perceived as useful probes of collective properties of many-body systems. For instance, certain measures are capable of detecting and classifying ground-state phases and, particularly, transition (or critical) points separating such phases. Chapters 2 and 3 focus on entanglement in many-body systems and its use as a potential resource for communication protocols. They address the questions of how a substantial amount of entanglement can be established between distant subsystems, and how efficiently this entanglement could be "harvested" by way of measurements. The subsequent chapters 4 and 5 are devoted to universality of entanglement between large collections of particles undergoing a quantum phase transition, where, despite the enormous complexity of these systems, collective properties including entanglement no longer depend crucially on the microscopic details.
Author: Jean Cleymans
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642878210
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 377
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Book Description
The 6th Advanced Course in Theoretical Physics was held at the University of Cape Town, January 8-19, 1990. The topic of the course was "Phase Structure of Strongly Interacting Matter". There were ten invited speakers from overseas, each having up to six hours in which to present his field of research to a relatively small audience of about 50 participants. This allowed for the presentation of a broad, coherent and pedagogical review of the present status of the field. In addition there were several one-hour presentations by local participants. The main emphasis of the course was on the study of the properties of high density hot nuclear matter. This field is of particular interest because of the belief that a deconfined quark-gluon plasma could be created in such an environment when the temperature reaches about 200MeV. In the nuclear regime a so-called "liquid-to-gas" phase transition is expected at a temperature of approximately 10- 20MeV. Both of these topics received ample attention at the school. Owing the nature of the field, there exists much overlapping interest from both the nuclear physics and high-energy particle physics communities. It is hoped that these proceedings will contribute to building a bridge between the two groups.
