Author: David W. Johnson
Publisher: Jossey-Bass
ISBN:
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 180
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Book Description
This monograph explores the current use in higher education of cooperative learning, the instructional use of small groups so that students work together to maximize their own and each other's learning. The opening section sets out to define cooperative learning, and to look at the history of the technique, its basic elements, types of cooperative learning groups, and implications for faculty functioning and the educational institution overall. The next section discusses the five basic elements of cooperative learning: (1) positive interdependence; (2) face-to-face promotive interaction; (3) individual accountability and personal responsibility; (4) frequent use of interpersonal and small group social skills; and (5) frequent, regular group processing of current functioning. The following section reviews the research validating the effectiveness of cooperative learning in college classrooms including research on social interdependence, patterns of interaction, and learning outcomes. The next three sections focus on the instructor's role in using formal cooperative learning groups, informal cooperative learning groups, and cooperative base groups under the titles "The Instructor's Role in Cooperative Learning, ""The Cooperative Lecture," and "Base Groups." The next section examines cooperation among faculty. A concluding section describes two typical cooperative learning class sessions and speculates on the impact this method will have in the future. (177 references) (JB).
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309254140
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 282
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Book Description
The National Science Foundation funded a synthesis study on the status, contributions, and future direction of discipline-based education research (DBER) in physics, biological sciences, geosciences, and chemistry. DBER combines knowledge of teaching and learning with deep knowledge of discipline-specific science content. It describes the discipline-specific difficulties learners face and the specialized intellectual and instructional resources that can facilitate student understanding. Discipline-Based Education Research is based on a 30-month study built on two workshops held in 2008 to explore evidence on promising practices in undergraduate science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education. This book asks questions that are essential to advancing DBER and broadening its impact on undergraduate science teaching and learning. The book provides empirical research on undergraduate teaching and learning in the sciences, explores the extent to which this research currently influences undergraduate instruction, and identifies the intellectual and material resources required to further develop DBER. Discipline-Based Education Research provides guidance for future DBER research. In addition, the findings and recommendations of this report may invite, if not assist, post-secondary institutions to increase interest and research activity in DBER and improve its quality and usefulness across all natural science disciples, as well as guide instruction and assessment across natural science courses to improve student learning. The book brings greater focus to issues of student attrition in the natural sciences that are related to the quality of instruction. Discipline-Based Education Research will be of interest to educators, policy makers, researchers, scholars, decision makers in universities, government agencies, curriculum developers, research sponsors, and education advocacy groups.
Author: Ronald Mazorodze
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030246868
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 147
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Book Description
This book reports on a study on physics problem solving in real classrooms situations. Problem solving plays a pivotal role in the physics curriculum at all levels. However, physics students’ performance in problem solving all too often remains limited to basic routine problems, with evidence of poor performance in solving problems that go beyond equation retrieval and substitution. Adopting an action research methodology, the study bridges the `research-practical divide ́ by explicitly teaching physics problem-solving strategies through collaborative group problem-solving sessions embedded within the curriculum. Data were collected using external assessments and video recordings of individual and collaborative group problem-solving sessions by 16-18 year-olds. The analysis revealed a positive shift in the students’ problem-solving patterns, both at group and individual level. Students demonstrated a deliberate, well-planned deployment of the taught strategies. The marked positive shifts in collaborative competences, cognitive competences, metacognitive processing and increased self-efficacy are positively correlated with attainment in problem solving in physics. However, this shift proved to be due to different mechanisms triggered in the different students.
Author: Steven Poris
Publisher: Universal-Publishers
ISBN: 1581121016
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 130
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Book Description
This study was designed to determine if sixth-grade students' problem solving skills were improved by means of their experience with a computer-based logical puzzle game designed to increase reasoning skills, and, in turn, problem solving ability. Students worked on this game either in cooperative learning pairs or alone. Baseline and post-experimental problem-solving ability was measured through the administration of a Problem Solving Test; Form A was utilized as a pretest for this purpose, Form B was used as a post-test. Comparisons of problem-solving ability based upon post-test scores (Form B) were made among four groups of students (N = 106): Group 1: Students (n = 26) who worked on the computer-based puzzle game in cooperative learning pairs Group 2: Students (n = 27) who worked on the computer-based puzzle game as individuals Group 3: Students (n = 24) who worked on a computer-based social studies simulation in cooperative learning pairs Group 4: Students (n = 29) who worked on a computer-based social studies simulation as individuals. A t-test comparison of post-test data between all students who worked on the puzzle game and all students who did not work on the puzzle game showed no significant difference between the two groups' problem solving abilities. However, an analysis of variance comparing the means of all four groups showed that the students in Group 1 performed significantly better (F=3.783, p
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309212944
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 96
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Book Description
Numerous teaching, learning, assessment, and institutional innovations in undergraduate science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education have emerged in the past decade. Because virtually all of these innovations have been developed independently of one another, their goals and purposes vary widely. Some focus on making science accessible and meaningful to the vast majority of students who will not pursue STEM majors or careers; others aim to increase the diversity of students who enroll and succeed in STEM courses and programs; still other efforts focus on reforming the overall curriculum in specific disciplines. In addition to this variation in focus, these innovations have been implemented at scales that range from individual classrooms to entire departments or institutions. By 2008, partly because of this wide variability, it was apparent that little was known about the feasibility of replicating individual innovations or about their potential for broader impact beyond the specific contexts in which they were created. The research base on innovations in undergraduate STEM education was expanding rapidly, but the process of synthesizing that knowledge base had not yet begun. If future investments were to be informed by the past, then the field clearly needed a retrospective look at the ways in which earlier innovations had influenced undergraduate STEM education. To address this need, the National Research Council (NRC) convened two public workshops to examine the impact and effectiveness of selected STEM undergraduate education innovations. This volume summarizes the workshops, which addressed such topics as the link between learning goals and evidence; promising practices at the individual faculty and institutional levels; classroom-based promising practices; and professional development for graduate students, new faculty, and veteran faculty. The workshops concluded with a broader examination of the barriers and opportunities associated with systemic change.
Author: Joel Michael
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135644519
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 176
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Book Description
The working model for "helping the learner to learn" presented in this book is relevant to any teaching context, but the focus here is on teaching in secondary and college science classrooms. Specifically, the goals of the text are to: *help secondary- and college-level science faculty examine and redefine their roles in the classroom; *define for science teachers a framework for thinking about active learning and the creation of an active learning environment; and *provide them with the assistance they need to begin building successful active learning environments in their classrooms. Active Learning in Secondary and College Science Classrooms: A Working Model for Helping the Learner to Learn is motivated by fundamental changes in education in response to perceptions that students are not adequately acquiring the knowledge and skills necessary to meet current educational and economic goals. The premise of this book is that active learning offers a highly effective approach to meeting the mandate for increased student knowledge, skills, and performance. It is a valuable resource for all teacher trainers in science education and high school and college science teachers.
Author: Fields, Ziska
Publisher: IGI Global
ISBN: 1799823873
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 537
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Book Description
Today’s world is continually facing complex and life-threatening issues that are too difficult or even impossible to solve. These challenges have been titled “wicked” problems due to their radical and multifarious nature. Recently, there has been a focus on global cooperation and gathering creative and diverse methods from around the world to solve these issues. Accumulating research and information on these collective intelligence methods is vital in comprehending current international issues and what possible solutions are being developed through the use of global collaboration. The Handbook of Research on Using Global Collective Intelligence and Creativity to Solve Wicked Problems is a pivotal reference source that provides vital research on the collaboration between global communities in developing creative solutions for radical worldwide issues. While highlighting topics such as collaboration technologies, neuro-leadership, and sustainable global solutions, this publication explores diverse collections of problem-solving methods and applying them on a global scale. This book is ideally designed for scholars, researchers, students, policymakers, strategists, economists, and educators seeking current research on problem-solving methods using collective intelligence and creativity.
Author: Martin Mühlenbrock
Publisher: IOS Press
ISBN: 9781586031756
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 212
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Book Description
Shared-workspace systems with structured graphical representations allow for the free user interaction and the joint construction of problem solutions for potentially open-ended tasks. However, group modelling in shared workspaces has to take on a process-orientated perspective due to the reduced system control in shared workspaces. This text is defined as the monitoring of user actions and the abstraction and interpretation of the raw data in the context of the group interaction and the problem representation. Formally based on plan recognition and the situation calculus, an approach has been developed that incorporates an operational hierarchy for generally modelling activities. The system performs an automatic inline analysis of group interactions and the results are visualized in different forms to give feedback and stimulating self-reflection.
Author: Joel J. Mintzes
Publisher: NSTA Press
ISBN: 0873552601
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 433
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Book Description
Are you still using 20th century techniques to teach science to 21st century students? Update your practices as you learn about current theory and research with the authoritative Handbook of College Science Teaching. The Handbook offers models of teaching and learning that go beyond the typical lecture-laboratory format and provides rationales for updated practices in the college classroom. The 38 chapters, each written by experienced, award-wining science faculty, are organized into eight sections: attitudes and motivations; active learning; factors affecting learning; innovative teaching approaches; use for technology, for both teaching and student research; special challenges, such as teaching effectively to culturally diverse or learning disabled students; pre-college science instruction; and improving instruction. No other book fills the Handbook's unique niche as a definitive guide for science professors in all content areas. It even includes special help for those who teach non-science majors at the freshman and sophomore levels. The Handbook is ideal for graduate teaching assistants in need of a solid introduction, senior faculty and graduate cooridinators in charge of training new faculty and grad students, and mid-career professors in search of invigoration.
Author: M.R. Kibby
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483299066
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 306
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Book Description
This volume contains a selection of papers from the CAL '89 Symposium and includes papers on a wide range of topics related to computer assisted learning. Papers selected include those from the following areas: CAL design, electronic mail and networks, hypermedia, learning and cognition, multimedia, CAL policy and practice and artificial intelligence techniques and knowledge base systems.
