Photodegradation of Aqueous 2,4-Dichlorophenol Under Visible Light Using Fe-ZnO Catalysts Prepared by Impregnation Method PDF Download
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Author:
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ISBN:
Category : Catalysis
Languages : en
Pages : 136
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Book Description
Fe-ZnO catalysts were synthesized by impregnation technique and used to test the photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-DCP under visible light. Catalyst characteristic mainly presented wurtzite structure of ZnO, with crystalline size of 35-40 nm and 5-10 m2g−1 of specific surface area. Visible absorption of Fe-ZnO catalyst increased proportionally with Fe content. Oxidation state of Fe on ZnO surface was +3 and zero point charge was found at pH 9.5. Degradation experimental following Box-Behnken analysis provided an optimal condition of 2,4-DCP (initial concentration: 5.0 mg L−1) degradation under visible light at 5.0 mol% Fe-ZnO calcined at 700, and catalyst loading of 1.5 g L−1 (volume of synthetic waste water). Besides, the addition of 2 mM potassium persulfate (K2S2O8) could increase the degradation efficiency and the reaction could be completed within 90 min. The degradation performance on Fe-ZnO combined with K2S2O8 was 5 times higher than that using ZnO combined with K2S2O8. Reaction kinetics was fitted very well with the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model.
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Catalysis
Languages : en
Pages : 136
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Book Description
Fe-ZnO catalysts were synthesized by impregnation technique and used to test the photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-DCP under visible light. Catalyst characteristic mainly presented wurtzite structure of ZnO, with crystalline size of 35-40 nm and 5-10 m2g−1 of specific surface area. Visible absorption of Fe-ZnO catalyst increased proportionally with Fe content. Oxidation state of Fe on ZnO surface was +3 and zero point charge was found at pH 9.5. Degradation experimental following Box-Behnken analysis provided an optimal condition of 2,4-DCP (initial concentration: 5.0 mg L−1) degradation under visible light at 5.0 mol% Fe-ZnO calcined at 700, and catalyst loading of 1.5 g L−1 (volume of synthetic waste water). Besides, the addition of 2 mM potassium persulfate (K2S2O8) could increase the degradation efficiency and the reaction could be completed within 90 min. The degradation performance on Fe-ZnO combined with K2S2O8 was 5 times higher than that using ZnO combined with K2S2O8. Reaction kinetics was fitted very well with the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model.
Author: Ploy Kosin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Box-behnken design
Languages : en
Pages : 124
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Book Description
Author: Innocent Udom
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chemical engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 116
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Book Description
This research investigated the supported semiconductor photocatalysts (TiO2 and ZnO), particularly ZnO nanorods and nanowires, their synthesis methods, properties and corresponding effectiveness in photocatalysis. The effect of transition metal co-catalysts on the photocatalytic properties of TiO2 was investigated. Although TiO2 is the most extensively studied photocatalyst for water decontamination, ZnO, as presented in this work, could be a substitute because of its lower cost, relative energy bandgap and higher visible light photoactivity. Both photocatalysts were doped and screened for the decomposition of model contaminates, rhodamine B (RhB), phenol and methyl orange, under ultraviolet and/or visible light irradiation. In the photodegradation of RhB, TiO2/Ru 1% showed a superior photocatalytic activity relative to P25-TiO2 under broad-band irradiation, while doped ZnO-Ag resulted in better photodegradation of methyl orange, compared to P25-TiO2, under visible light irradiation.
Author: M. Schiavello
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 218
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Book Description
Photocatalysis is a reaction which is accelerated by light while a heterogeneous reaction consists of two phases ( a solid and a liquid for example). Heterogeneous Photocatalysis is a fast developing science which to date has not been fully detailed in a monograph. This title discusses the basic principles of heterogeneous photocatalysis and describes the bulk and surface properties of semiconductors. Applications of various types of photoreactions are described and the problems related to the modeling and design of photoreactors are covered.
Author: Jin Chung Sin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Endocrine disrupting chemicals
Languages : en
Pages : 446
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Book Description
Author: Ajay Kumar Mishra
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323959539
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 396
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Book Description
Advanced Functional Materials and Methods for Photodegradation of Toxic Pollutants addresses the potential role of visible active photocatalytic methods for the removal of various emerging and persistent organic pollutants (POPs.) Describing the classification, sources and potential risks of emerging organics in water bodies and the environment, the book covers the different synthesis methods of visible active structured photocatalysts and structure related properties to their applications in photocatalytic processes for the removal of antibiotics, pharma and heavy metal pollutants. This book provides an invaluable reference to academics, researchers and technicians in chemical engineering, chemistry and environmental science. In addition, the mechanistic insights associated with the interaction of advanced functional materials and water pollutants along with the possible reaction pathway occurring during the visible light induced photocatalytic processes together with toxicity are discussed in detail along with the reutilization of catalysts, supporting the inherent reaction conditions performed with natural conditions.
Author: Boon Siew Ooi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Catalysts
Languages : en
Pages : 51
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Book Description
Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Isopropyl alcohol
Languages : en
Pages : 168
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Book Description
The photocatalytic degradation of isopropanol under UV irradiation was studied by using p-n junction of ZnO/TiO2 photocatalysts prepared by sol-gel technique. Their energy storage ability was tested with their photocatalytic activity where there was no UV illumination. That was investigated by illumination the system with UV light for 2 h and off for 2 h until 8 h. The composition and surface structure of the catalyst were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface area analysis, and particle size analysis. The change in the isopropanol concentration was observed by using gas chromatography. The result showed that the degradation efficiency of the ZnO doped on TiO2 layer films was higher than the single-TiO2 thin film, about 74.0% and 48.0%, respectively. Moreover, acetone was found during the photocatalytic degradation process of isopropanol. The effects of isopropanol solution pH, ZnO loading, and ZnO calcination temperature were studied. ZnO calcined at 600oC and 15 mol% at unadjusted pH was suitable for both photocatalytic activity and energy storage. The photocatalytic degradation rates of isopropanol for the first and second illumination were about 21.0% and 20.8%, respectively. With no illumination, the highest degradation of isopropanol was about 14.8%.
Author: Youn-Chul Oh
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 346
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Book Description
This dissertation concerns the elucidation of degradation mechanisms of organic contaminants in aqueous suspension of TiO2, and extending understanding of photo catalysis condition to optimize degradation efficiency. The degradation mechanism of maleic acid, an important intermediate from the photocatalytic degradation of aromatic contaminants, was investigated via product distribution study and control experiments. The understanding of the mechanism of degradation of these compounds can assist us in ascertaining ideal conditions to perform the mineralization of recalcitrant organic compounds. The challenge to degrade a cyanyric acid, a recalcitrant species, by modifying TiO2 suspension was carried out. The addition of fluoride to aqueous suspensions of TiO2 has proved to be an important mechanistic tool in unraveling a long-standing conundrum in photocatalytic degradation. By using this method in parallel with other methods for producing homogeneous hydroxyl-type reagents, it is shown that cyanuric acid is susceptible to degradation under easily accessible conditions. There are isotope studies of photocatalysis of dimethyl phenyl phosphonate, a simple and safe form of organic phosphonate. Exposure of DMMP and related simple phosphonates to TiO2-mediated photocatalytic conditions results first in the loss of one of the methyl esters. An important unsettled mechanistic point is the mechanism by which the methyl is removed. Through the isotope studies of TiO2-mediated photocatalytic degradation of phosphonates, we can now understand removal of the alkyl ester portion of the compounds to produce phosphonic acid monoesters among the primary steps. The retention of 18O in the formation of MMPP clearly demonstrates that the dealkylation mechanism involves degradation of the methyl group exclusively, and neither attack at phosphorous by HO[Multiplied by][Subscript ads] or a related species, nor photoinduced hydrolysis. With an attempt to activate the modified TiO2 photo catalysts by the visible light and decrease the rapid recombination of excited electrons/holes during photoreaction, WO[Subscript x]-TiO2 powder was prepared by a sol-gel method. The WO[Subscript x]-TiO2 catalysts were characterized by XRD, XPS, and SEM-EDX. The degradation of 4-methoxyresorcinol by using WO[Subscript x]-TiO2 under visible light irradiation was observed.
Author: Marcos Soto-Hernández
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 9535129570
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 458
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Book Description
Phenolic compounds as a large class of metabolites found in plants have attracted attention since long time ago due to their properties and the hope that they will show beneficial health effects when taken as dietary supplements. This book presents the state of the art of some of the natural sources of phenolic compounds, for example, medicinal plants, grapes or blue maize, as well as the modern methods of extraction, quantification, and identification, and there is a special section discussing the treatment, removal, and degradation of phenols, an important issue in those phenols derived from the pharmaceutical or petrochemical industries.
